Diffusion and trapping of positive muons in niobium and in aluminum alloys

Zero, longitudinal and transverse magnetic field uSR has been used to investigate (mu)(\u27+) diffusion and trapping in Nb. The ambiguity in the interpretation of the \u27double humped\u27 temperature dependence of the depolarisation rate for the transverse field case has been resolved. A discussion of how the zero and longitudinal measurements can distinguish between the trapping and detrapping phenomena is presented with (mu)SR data analysis in mind. Muon mobility is shown to increase monotonically with temperature. The width of the local magnetic field distribution due to Nb nuclear moments and the rate for trapping and detrapping of muons have been measured at several temperatures.;Data from an earlier study of aluminum doped with .1 at. % Si, Ag and Mg showing complex structure in the linewidth parameter have been analyzed further using a multi-trap nonequilibrium model to obtain trap concentration, binding energies and diffusion rates for the host and the traps

Frequency of depression in patients with stroke

Stroke is a common neurological problem and the third leading cause of death in developed countries of the world. Among survivors, over 50% develop significant disabilities including neuro-psychiatric disabilities. Post stroke depression (PSD) is a common but less reported condition among survivors. Objectives: To determine the frequency of depression in patients with stroke. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Department of Neurology, Services Hospital, Lahore from January, 2014 to December, 2014 over a period of 1 year. A total of 100 cases having stroke minimum 1 month ago, were recruited in the study. For evidence of depression, Personal Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) with criteria for mild, moderate, moderately sever and severe depression was used. Results: Mean age of the patients was 54.8 ± 8.1 years. In our study 63% of the patients were female while 37% patients were male. Post stroke depression was found in 35% of cases; 15% had severe depression, 8% had moderately severe, 9 % had moderate and only 3% patients had mild depression. Among these 35 patients, 22 patients (62.8%)had involvement of dominant half of brain while 13 patients (37.2%) had non-dominant half involved. Conclusion: Post stroke depression is present in significant number of post stroke patients. So it is advised to do PSD evaluation of all stroke patients for early and proper management

Examining Sufi Practices on Social Media: Distortions and Complexities in Contemporary Pakistan

The engagement of Sufism on Pakistani social media has sparked many concerns over the inclusivity of religious manifestations and the interpretation of the Qur'an. This research seeks to examine the historical development and objectives of Sufism in order to analyse the impact of Sufi activities in the digital domain, specifically focusing on the emergence of religious aberrations. The research was carried out utilizing qualitative methodologies by examining ancient Sufi literature and subsequently comparing it with Sufi practices in the digital domain. The findings demonstrate that internet platforms have fundamentally transformed the availability and dissemination of Sufi teachings, allowing an unparalleled avenue for dialogue and cultural manifestation that was before unachievable. Nevertheless, there are deficiencies in their attitude to community, instructional methods, and the impact of technology on their individual activities. The concept of Digital Sufism demonstrates the integration of traditional practices into the online world, resulting in both opportunities and challenges in the modern day. Praktik Sufi di media sosial Pakistan telah menimbulkan beberapa masalah terkait keberagaman dalam ekspresi keagamaan dan pemahaman terhadap teks Al-Qur’an. Melalui penelusuran sejarah dan tujuan tasawuf, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana praktik Sufi di ranah digital tersebut memunculkan distorsi keagamaan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui studi literatur Sufi klasik dan kemudian membandingkannya dengan praktik sufi di ranah digital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan platform online telah merevolusi aksesibilitas dan penyebaran ajaran Sufi, mendorong sebuah cara yang belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya untuk percakapan dan ekspresi budaya yang sebelumnya tidak mungkin tercapai. Namun, kesenjangan muncul dalam pendekatan mereka terhadap komunitas, teknik pengajaran, dan pengaruh teknologi terhadap praktik mereka masing-masing. Sufisme Digital mencontohkan asimilasi adat istiadat konvensional ke dalam ranah virtual, yang melahirkan prospek dan kompleksitas di era kontemporer

Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis and Neuromyelitis Optica spectrum Disorder: A Tertiary Care Centre Experience

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis and Causes of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis METHODOLOGY: A Cross-Sectional, retrospective study was conducted at Neurology Department, Mayo Hospital, Lahore from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2015. Patients were included from inpatient with history of weakness of lower limbs/all four limbs with or without visual disturbances. History and clinical examination was consistent with transverse myelitis. Neuroimaging (MRI brain, (orbit in case of optic neuritis) and spinal cord) was done followed by LP/CSF, Vasculitis screening

OPTIMALISASI BIAYA TRANSPORTASI ANTAR PULAU RUTE TIDORE - LOLEO MENGGUNAKAN MODEL TRANSPORTASI METODE VOGEL’S APROXIMATION (STUDI KASUS: SPEED BOAT LOLEO-TIDORE)

Armada Speed Boat merupakan salah satu moda transportasi yang melayani Rute Tidore-Loleoyang mengangkut penumpang di pulau Tidore dan pulau Halmahera. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh biaya transportasi yang optimal dalam pengangkutan penumpang. Untuk memperoleh tujuan dari penelitian ini dilakukan beberapa langkah yaitu: Dengan membuat model transportasi dari data yang diperoleh, Menentukan solusi dengan metode Vogel’s Approximation, dan menentukan solusi optimal. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan solusi sebesar Rp. 31.200.000 dan solusi optimal sebesar Rp.31.200.000.metode transportasi merupakan solusi optimal dalam menekan biaya perjalanan yang berlaku sebesar Rp 28.000.000,- ternyata biaya yang dikeluarkan lebih besar yakni 31.200.000,- jadi penumpang masih bisa membayar lebih murah lagi.Dalam hal ini biaya perjalanan rute Tidore-Loleo dapat dioptimalkan biaya transportasi untuk pengangkutan penumpang selama lima hari, dengan penghematan sebesar Rp. 3.200.000 per lima hari atau 11,28 %, atau masing-masing penumpang seharusnya membayar lebih murah dari yang sebelumnya Rp. 50.000 dikurang Rp 5.714 (11,28%) menjadi Rp. 44.286 dibulatkan menjadi Rp. 45.000,-

Analysis of microstructure and mechanical properties of bismuth-doped SAC305 lead-free solder alloy at high temperature

SAC305 lead-free solder alloy is widely used in the electronic industry. However, the problems associated with the growth formation of intermetallic compounds need further research, especially at high temperatures. This study investigates the doping of Bismuth into SAC305 in the various compositions of 1, 2, and 3 wt.%. The microstructure in terms of intermetallic compound particles and mechanical properties was examined after thermal aging at temperatures of 100 °C and 200 °C for 60 h. The microstructure examination was observed using scanning electron microscopy, and the chemical composition of each alloy was confirmed with an energy dispersive X-ray. Tensile tests were performed to find the mechanical properties such as yield strength and ultimate tensile strength. The intermetallic compound’s phase analysis was identified using X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry was done to study the temperature curves for melting points. Results showed that the addition of Bismuth refined the microstructure by suppressing the growth of intermetallic compounds, which subsequently improved the mechanical properties. The thermal aging made the microstructure coarsen and degraded the mechanical properties. However, the most improved performance was observed with a Bismuth addition of 3 wt.% into SAC305. Furthermore, a decrease in the melting temperature was observed, especially at Bismuth compositions of 3 wt.%

Prompt-based Tuning of Transformer Models for Multi-Center Medical Image Segmentation

Medical image segmentation is a vital healthcare endeavor requiring precise and efficient models for appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Vision transformer-based segmentation models have shown great performance in accomplishing this task. However, to build a powerful backbone, the self-attention block of ViT requires large-scale pre-training data. The present method of modifying pre-trained models entails updating all or some of the backbone parameters. This paper proposes a novel fine-tuning strategy for adapting a pretrained transformer-based segmentation model on data from a new medical center. This method introduces a small number of learnable parameters, termed prompts, into the input space (less than 1\% of model parameters) while keeping the rest of the model parameters frozen. Extensive studies employing data from new unseen medical centers show that prompts-based fine-tuning of medical segmentation models provides excellent performance on the new center data with a negligible drop on the old centers. Additionally, our strategy delivers great accuracy with minimum re-training on new center data, significantly decreasing the computational and time costs of fine-tuning pre-trained models

Source of Bleeding and Per-Operative Findings in Extradural Hematoma (EDH): A Three-Year Experience in a Teaching Institute

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the main source of bleeding and operative findings in an extradural hematoma (EDH). Material and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted at the Neurosurgery Department of Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar from March 2017 to April 2020.The study included 550 patients that met the criteria of inclusion well. Demographic profile, location of Extra-Dural hematoma, the source of bleeding, presence or absence of skull fracture and per operative findings were documented in structured proforma. Results: 69% were male and 31% were female patients. The middle age group of 21 – 40 years mostly affected. Rupture or laceration of middle meningeal artery was the communal source of bleeding in 355 (64.5%) patients, followed by fracture bone in 285 (51.8%) of patients and dural venous sinus in 70 (12.7%) of patients. Preoperative findings in our study were linear skull fracture in 250 (45.4.0%), underlying contusion in 165 (30%), and contralateral hematoma in 70 (12.7%) of cases. Conclusion: Rupture or laceration of a Middle meningeal artery (MMA) was the most communal source of bleeding in extradural hematoma. Therefore, per-operative cauterization of this vessel is important to prevent the chances of re-bleed and re-do surgeries