7 research outputs found
Arcless opening of direct current circuits in technical systems
Operation of the proposed DC circuit breaker consists in the fact that the closing of the thyristor in the DC power circuit with an inductive load results from opening the auxiliary circuit with a current value several fold less than the load current. The power and auxiliary circuits are connected by means of a current transformer having counter switch windings. After switching, the load is shunted by a diode and does not affect the transition process. Simulations and experimental tests of the DC circuit breaker model showed its performance capability, and the breaker can be used for switching in existing DC high current circuits with inductive loads
Gaseous discharge plasma switching in oversized interference microwave switches
The first results of the study of gaseous discharge plasma switching in oversized interference switches of X-band active resonant microwave compressors are presented. The switching occured in a mixture of argon and air at atmospheric pressure in the mode of spontaneous breakdown. The breakdown was initiated by a sizable conductive discontinuity represented by a section of thin copper conductor of different lengths not exceeding the working wave length. The section was introduced inside the gaseous discharge quartz tube into the switching arm of the switch through the below cut off circular waveguide. The tube formed the discharge gap in the arm and was located coaxially in the circular waveguide. The tube was located at the antinode area of the electric field standing wave parallel to lines of electric force. The threshold nature of effective switching was proved. The switching efficiency as a function of the conductor length is obtained. The model of the switch was proposed and analyzed by the scattering matrix method within single-wave approximation. The calculation results were in substantial agreement with the experimental data. The operation of two oversized switches in a cascade circuit was studied. It is shown, that in switching circuits of these type formed by one or several oversized H-tees, the switching identical to processes in a conventional switch based on a single-wave H-tee is possible
Ecological risks caused by toxic elements impact on ambient air determined in the study of the snow cover in Tomsk GRES-2 area
The relevance of the research is caused by the need of sustainable development of coal power. One of components to achieve this sustainability is the predictive assessment of the impact of solid emissions resulting from coal combustion, in transition of raw materials into digestible form, on the health of population in terms of increasing the share of coal generation in the fuel sector. The main aim of the research is to determine the level of air pollution with solid emissions from thermal energy (Tomsk GRES-2), and to define the value of inhalation health risk based on the study of the snow cover. Objects. To assess the environmental health risks on the territory of Tomsk the authors have selected the areas corresponding to the regions with the highest influx of anthropogenic dust particles in the impact zone of Tomsk GRES-2, as well as the area outside the impact zone of Tomsk GRES-2, to compare the results of the study. Methods: atmogeochemical; risk assessment methods of chemical substances on human health; method for recovery of elemental concentrations in ambient air on the basis of their content in solid phase of snow cover; analysis of uncertainties in calculation of average daily doses using a random sampling of values with a certain distribution laws of the consider values.Β Results. On the territory influenced by the GRES-2 the authors determined a high level of accumulation of Zn, Ba, W, Ni, V, Cu, Co in solid residue of snow relative to the background site that reflects the specificity of the effect of emissions of the considered power plant on the air. The greatest specific contribution to the integral level, non-cancer risks from chronic inhalation exposure of metals in the vicinity of the GRES-2 make Cu, Al, Mn, Ba and Zn. For all elements with carcinogenic properties, with the exception of Cr (VI), the values of the individual cancer risk is below 10-6, which corresponds to a negligibly small level of risk. Individual carcinogenic risk caused by inhalation of Cr (VI) has values in the range from 7,65Β·10-7 to 4,6Β·10-5, and the values corresponding the upper boundary are considered according to the common methodology as a valid risk. The levels of risk from inhalation exposure of chemical elements in the zones of influence of Tomsk GRES-2, as well as the values of individual carcinogenic risk are acceptable
Ecological risks caused by toxic elements impact on ambient air determined in the study of the snow cover in Tomsk GRES-2 area
ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ - ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΡΡ
Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ, Π½Π° Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ΅. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ (Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ ΠΠ‘-2); ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π³. Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠ° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ ΠΠ‘-2, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΊ Π²Π½Π΅ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ ΠΠ‘-2, Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ; ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² Π½Π° Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°; ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π΅ ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π°; Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ· Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ ΠΠ‘-2, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΅Π³Π° Zn, Ba, W, Ni, V, Cu, Co ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΠΠ ΠΠ‘-2 Π²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Cu, Al, Mn, Ba ΠΈ Zn. ΠΠ»Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Cr (VI), Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ 10-6, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΊ, Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π²Π΄ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Cr (VI), ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΎΡ 7,65Β·10-7 Π΄ΠΎ 4,6Β·10-5, ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΊ. Π£ΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ ΠΠ‘-2, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ.The relevance of the research is caused by the need of sustainable development of coal power. One of components to achieve this sustainability is the predictive assessment of the impact of solid emissions resulting from coal combustion, in transition of raw materials into digestible form, on the health of population in terms of increasing the share of coal generation in the fuel sector. The main aim of the research is to determine the level of air pollution with solid emissions from thermal energy (Tomsk GRES-2), and to define the value of inhalation health risk based on the study of the snow cover. Objects. To assess the environmental health risks on the territory of Tomsk the authors have selected the areas corresponding to the regions with the highest influx of anthropogenic dust particles in the impact zone of Tomsk GRES-2, as well as the area outside the impact zone of Tomsk GRES-2, to compare the results of the study. Methods: atmogeochemical; risk assessment methods of chemical substances on human health; method for recovery of elemental concentrations in ambient air on the basis of their content in solid phase of snow cover; analysis of uncertainties in calculation of average daily doses using a random sampling of values with a certain distribution laws of the consider values. Results. On the territory influenced by the GRES-2 the authors determined a high level of accumulation of Zn, Ba, W, Ni, V, Cu, Co in solid residue of snow relative to the background site that reflects the specificity of the effect of emissions of the considered power plant on the air. The greatest specific contribution to the integral level, non-cancer risks from chronic inhalation exposure of metals in the vicinity of the GRES-2 make Cu, Al, Mn, Ba and Zn. For all elements with carcinogenic properties, with the exception of Cr (VI), the values of the individual cancer risk is below 10-6, which corresponds to a negligibly small level of risk. Individual carcinogenic risk caused by inhalation of Cr (VI) has values in the range from 7,65Β·10-7 to 4,6Β·10-5, and the values corresponding the upper boundary are considered according to the common methodology as a valid risk. The levels of risk from inhalation exposure of chemical elements in the zones of influence of Tomsk GRES-2, as well as the values of individual carcinogenic risk are acceptable
Ecological risks caused by toxic elements impact on ambient air determined in the study of the snow cover in Tomsk GRES-2 area
ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ - ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΡΡ
Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ, Π½Π° Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ΅. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ (Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ ΠΠ‘-2); ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π³. Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠ° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ ΠΠ‘-2, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΊ Π²Π½Π΅ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ ΠΠ‘-2, Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ; ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² Π½Π° Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°; ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π΅ ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π°; Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ· Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ ΠΠ‘-2, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΅Π³Π° Zn, Ba, W, Ni, V, Cu, Co ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΠΠ ΠΠ‘-2 Π²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Cu, Al, Mn, Ba ΠΈ Zn. ΠΠ»Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Cr (VI), Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ 10-6, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΊ, Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π²Π΄ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Cr (VI), ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΎΡ 7,65Β·10-7 Π΄ΠΎ 4,6Β·10-5, ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΊ. Π£ΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π’ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ ΠΠ‘-2, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ.The relevance of the research is caused by the need of sustainable development of coal power. One of components to achieve this sustainability is the predictive assessment of the impact of solid emissions resulting from coal combustion, in transition of raw materials into digestible form, on the health of population in terms of increasing the share of coal generation in the fuel sector. The main aim of the research is to determine the level of air pollution with solid emissions from thermal energy (Tomsk GRES-2), and to define the value of inhalation health risk based on the study of the snow cover. Objects. To assess the environmental health risks on the territory of Tomsk the authors have selected the areas corresponding to the regions with the highest influx of anthropogenic dust particles in the impact zone of Tomsk GRES-2, as well as the area outside the impact zone of Tomsk GRES-2, to compare the results of the study. Methods: atmogeochemical; risk assessment methods of chemical substances on human health; method for recovery of elemental concentrations in ambient air on the basis of their content in solid phase of snow cover; analysis of uncertainties in calculation of average daily doses using a random sampling of values with a certain distribution laws of the consider values. Results. On the territory influenced by the GRES-2 the authors determined a high level of accumulation of Zn, Ba, W, Ni, V, Cu, Co in solid residue of snow relative to the background site that reflects the specificity of the effect of emissions of the considered power plant on the air. The greatest specific contribution to the integral level, non-cancer risks from chronic inhalation exposure of metals in the vicinity of the GRES-2 make Cu, Al, Mn, Ba and Zn. For all elements with carcinogenic properties, with the exception of Cr (VI), the values of the individual cancer risk is below 10-6, which corresponds to a negligibly small level of risk. Individual carcinogenic risk caused by inhalation of Cr (VI) has values in the range from 7,65Β·10-7 to 4,6Β·10-5, and the values corresponding the upper boundary are considered according to the common methodology as a valid risk. The levels of risk from inhalation exposure of chemical elements in the zones of influence of Tomsk GRES-2, as well as the values of individual carcinogenic risk are acceptable