Analysis of several biochemical parameters and microrna dynamics for use as markers of metabolic shifts in the human liver under the condition of 21-day dry immersion

The purpose was to evaluate several biochemical parameters and microRNA as markers of metabolic shifts in the liver of the human exposed to 21-d dry immersion. Subjects in the study were clinically selected 10 males aged 23 to 34 years. Blood samples were gathered to analyze a number of biochemical and hematological characteristics as candidate markers of the liver functioning. Blood plasma was used to investigate expression of circulating microRNAs with the polymerase chain reaction technique (PCR). Based on the analysis results it can be assumed that circulating micro-RNAs are potential predictors of future pathologies, including diseases associated with metabolic disorders in the liver. © 2020 Slovo Ltd. All rights reserved

Dynamics of Body Composition Indices and Biochemical Parameters in Participants of Countermeasure-Free 21-Day “Dry” Immersion

Abstract: Time-dependent changes in body composition and the levels of hormones involved in regulating energy metabolism and eating behavior were studied in ten healthy volunteers who were exposed to dry immersion (DI) for 21 days without the use of countermeasures to prevent the negative effects of the experimental conditions. Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) was used to assess the body composition in the test subjects. The proportion of lean mass decreased, while the fat component increased in the subjects under the influence of factors of 21-day DI. Cluster analysis isolated two equal homogeneous groups of subjects with a reduced group variability of the parameters of body composition and systemic regulation of energy metabolism. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) in relative skeletal muscle mass (SMM%) was observed after 21-day DI in the group with a higher relative body fat mass (FM), a lower relative fat-free mass (FFM), and a higher basal metabolic rate. SMM was stable, while SMM% increased (p < 0.05) after 21-day DI in the group with a lower relative FM, a higher FFM, and a lower basal metabolic rate. A significant increase in blood insulin was observed during DI in this group. Leptin and triglyceride concentrations differed between the groups in different periods of the experiment. © 2021, Pleiades Publishing, Inc

Changes in the Profile of Urine Proteins Associated with the Cardiovascular System in a Group of Healthy Young Men in Response to a Locomotor Test with a Stepwise Increasing Load

Abstract: The prospects of interplanetary missions make it relevant to develop standard tests to find criteria for the correction of preventive measures in a long space flight in order to ensure a peak in physical performance by the time the interplanetary activity is completed. Currently, tests are being developed to assess physical performance. One of them can be the currently developed locomotor test with a stepwise increasing load in the active mode of movement of the treadmill. It is of interest to assess the effect of this load on changes in the profile of proteins associated with the cardiovascular system from the standpoint of the possibility of using them as markers of its response to physical activity. In article analyzes the results of an experimental study of the proteome of human urine after a dosed step-increasing load and discusses the possible role of the identified proteins that can be attributed to the functioning of the cardiovascular system. The study involved practically healthy volunteers aged 18.6 ± 0.7 years, weighing 75.7 ± 8 kg (n = 12). The urine proteome was evaluated by chromatography-mass spectrometry and analyzed by bioinformatics methods. For the first time, data on the proteomic response to a locomotor test with a stepwise increasing load in the active mode of web movement in a group homogeneous in autonomic status are presented. As a result of the analysis, 429 proteins were identified, 69 of which significantly changed. Based on bioinformatics analysis, processes related to the work of the heart, vascular tone, and vascular permeability were identified. Ten proteins are described that are associated with the processes of the quick response of the cardiovascular system to dosed physical activity. The obtained results will help in choosing standard criteria for assessing the physiological cost of physical activity. © 2021, Pleiades Publishing, Inc