Production of sugar beet in Russian Federation: analysis and forecast

The article analyzes the dynamics of indicators characterizing the production of sugar beets in Russia. The Krasnodar region, the Penza region and the Russian Federation as a whole were chosen as the object of study, the sown areas, the gross harvest and the yield of sugar beet were chosen as the subject of the study, and the period from 2005 to 2022 was chosen as the time interval. At the first step of the work, a primary analysis of the studied dynamic series is carried out, which showed a stable growth of indicators with a maximum jump in 2010. Next, regressions are constructed that describe long-term trends in the development of processes, for which, in most cases, quadratic functions are chosen. The next step is modeling the cyclical component and developing multiplicative trend-seasonal models, the error of which was 7.4% -13.8%. As a result of the study, a forecast for the development of the industry for 2023-2024 is built

Efficiency of using drones in agricultural production

The article deals with the issue of economic efficiency of the use of drones in agricultural production. There is an opinion about their inefficiency, which is refuted by the study. The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of the use of agricultural drones (using the example of U-30L-6 (BROUAV) in comparison with other technological options. The use of agricultural drones allows not only to reduce the cost of manufactured products, but also to increase crop yields by reducing losses during cultivation, as the number of passes of wheeled vehicles across the field during the growing season is reduced. Among the options considered (trailed sprayer, self-propelled sprayer, agrodrone), the use of copters took the second place in terms of production costs. But due to a decrease in the spraying rate and losses from trampling, the economic effect of using agricultural drones is the highest (3417.34 rubles/ha), which is more than twice as high as when using a self-propelled sprayer

АНАЛИЗ ГИНЗЕНОЗИДОВ В КОРНЯХ ЖЕНЬШЕНЯ НАСТОЯЩЕГО (PANAX GINSENG), ИНТРОДУЦИРОВАННОГО В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОМ БОТАНИЧЕСКОМ САДУ НАН БЕЛАРУСИ

For the first time, a detailed study of the qualitative and quantitative composition of ginsenosides in the Panax ginseng roots was carried out with the help of high-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The plants were introduced into the conditions of the Republic of Belarus at the experimental plot of the Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. It was found that in the examined roots, all basic neutral glycosides of ginseng (ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, Rb2/Rb3, Rd, Rf, Rg1 and Re), as well as their malonylated derivatives (malonylginsenosides Rb1, Rc, Rb2/Rb3, Rd, Rg1 and Re) and some “minor” ginsenosides (20-gluco-ginsenoside Rf, notoginsenosides R1 and R2, isomers of malonyl-ginsenosides Rb1 and Rd) are present. The research also showed that different parts of the P. ginseng roots differ significantly in a total content of ginsenosides: for the main root, this parameter was 3.3 % of dry mass, and for the lateral roots – 7.8 % of dry mass.Впервые с помощью высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии, совмещенной с массспектрометрией (ВЭЖХ-МС) проведено подробное изучение качественного и количественного состава гинзенозидов в корнях женьшеня настоящего (P. ginseng C. A. Mey.), интродуцированного в условиях Республики Беларусь (опытный участок ЦБС НАН Беларуси). Установлено, что в изученных корнях присутствуют все основные нейтральные гликозиды женьшеня (гинзенозиды Rb1, Rc, Rb2/Rb3, Rd, Rf, Rg1 и Re), а также их малонилированные производные (малонил-гинзенозиды Rb1, Rc, Rb2/Rb3, Rd, Rg1 и Re) и некоторые «минорные» гинзенозиды (20-глюко-гинзенозид Rf, нотогинзенозиды R1 и R2, изомеры малонил-гинзенозидов Rb1 и Rd). Показано также, что разные части корней P. ginseng существенно отличаются по суммарному содержанию гинзенозидов: для основного корня этот параметр составил 3,3 % от сухой массы, а для боковых корней – 7,8 % от сухой массы

Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation

Agrarian potential of personal subsidiary plots

The article discusses the methodology for assessing the personal subsidiary plots production potential. Comparison of the private household plots efficiency is an important problem that requires early solution. It is the most promising direction for optimizing state support and stimulating production. The study purpose is to determine the territories of the Samara region that most effectively use the personal subsidiary plots resources for the agricultural production. The production potential value was the highest in the private household plots of the Samara region southern zone. On average, 1122.2 thousand rubles per hectare fall to personal subsidiary farms in one district of this zone. The production potential value is 36% lower in the Central (719.4 thousand rubles/ha) and by 56% - in the Northern zone (493.0 thousand rubles/ha). The households of the Central natural-economic Zone most effectively use the production potential. The zonal average utilization rate value is 1.14. The available resources are used in the best way by the personal subsidiary plots of the Bezenchuksky district (Kp = 1.67), the worst - by the Sergievsky district (0.62). The considered methodology allows solving important problems - to assess the possibilities and the production real state in the private household plots sector

The Banking Sector Role in the Rural Territories Social Development

The article examines the features of banking services for the rural population on the example of the Samara region. The banking sector accumulates significant financial resources of the population, which can be directed to the service area development. In modern conditions, the collected funds are transferred to large cities, making rural areas even more depressed. The study purpose is to determine the features of banking services for the population in rural areas. Within the framework of this, the following tasks are being solved: - the banking services state is analysed on the example of the Kinelsky district of the Samara region; - problems specific to rural areas are identified; - measures are proposed to solve the problems of banking services in rural areas. On the example of the Kinelsky district, it can be seen that large financial resources (more than 500 million rubles) are being withdrawn from the district with the contributions of the rural population. At the same time in rural settlements, banking services are in an inadequate state: Sberbank branches are closed or switched to part-time work. There is a low degree of provision with banking terminals, and the standards for servicing the population are not observed. As a result, the state should more actively regulate the current situation, using economic mechanisms to solve the existing social problem

The formation of residual stresses in the bonding of automotive glass

This article discusses the formation of residual stresses during the assembly of automotive glass. The influence of various parameters of the adhesive bead on the spatial deviations of glasses during their installation is shown. Currently, the glass assembly technology involves filling the gap between the automotive glass and the car body with a glue roller. It has been established that the formation of residual stresses is influenced by the width and thickness of the glue roll, with a minimum width of the glue roll during drying, a discontinuity of the glue joint along the contour is possible, and with a maximum width, unacceptable residual deformations occur in the glass, which lead to cracks

The formation of residual stresses in the bonding of automotive glass

This article discusses the formation of residual stresses during the assembly of automotive glass. The influence of various parameters of the adhesive bead on the spatial deviations of glasses during their installation is shown. Currently, the glass assembly technology involves filling the gap between the automotive glass and the car body with a glue roller. It has been established that the formation of residual stresses is influenced by the width and thickness of the glue roll, with a minimum width of the glue roll during drying, a discontinuity of the glue joint along the contour is possible, and with a maximum width, unacceptable residual deformations occur in the glass, which lead to cracks