Coded excitation of broadband terahertz using optical rectification in poled lithium niobate

We demonstrate coded excitation of broadband terahertz for imaging applications. The encoded transmitter uses optical rectification of femtosecond laser pulses in poled lithium niobate patterned with a 53-bit53-bit binary phase code. The terahertz wave forms are detected by electro-optic sampling in zinc telluride. A digital pulse compression filter decodes the binary wave forms, producing broadband pulses at 1.0 THz1.0THz. A two-dimensional imaging experiment shows comparable performance between the encoded transmitter and a zinc telluride emitter.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87834/2/251105_1.pd

Time reversal three-dimensional imaging using single-cycle terahertz pulses

We demonstrate three-dimensional imaging using single-cycle terahertz electromagnetic pulses. Reflection-mode imaging is performed with a photoconductive transmitter and receiver and a reconstruction algorithm based on time reversal. A two-dimensional array is synthesized from ten concentric ring annular arrays with numerical apertures ranging from 0.27 to 0.43. The system clearly distinguishes image planes separated by 1.5 mm and achieves a −6 dB lateral resolution of 1.1 mm. In terms of the illuminating terahertz power spectrum, the lateral resolution is 38% and 81% of the peak and mean wavelengths, respectively. © 2004 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/69881/2/APPLAB-84-12-2196-1.pd

Coherent Two-photon Backscattering and Induced Angular Quantum Correlations in Multiple-Scattered Two-Photon States of the Light

We present the emergence of coherent two-photon backscattering, a manifestation of weak localization, in multiple scattering of maximally entangled pure and fully mixed two-photon states and examine the effect of entanglement and classical correlations. Quantum correlations in backscattering are investigated for finite three-dimensional disordered structures in the weak localization regime as well as systems of a small number of scatterers with specified spatial arrangements. No assumptions are made on the statistical behavior of the scattering matrix elements. Furthermore, we study the interplay between quantum correlations induced by multiple scattering and the correlations that may be present in the illumination fields, and how they are manifested in the output modes. We study the effect of the dimensionality of the entanglement and the angular distribution of the jointly measurable photon pairs on the emergence of enhancement and angular quantum correlations and show how quantum correlations can be used as a probe of the entanglement dimensionality. We show that by increasing the disordered material density, the width of the coherent two-photon backscattering cones increases, in accordance with the reduction of the mean free path length within the structure

Emergence of Coherent Backscattering from Sparse and Finite Disordered Media

Coherent backscattering (CBS) arises from complex interactions of a coherent beam with randomly positioned particles, which has been typically studied in media with large numbers of scatterers and high opacity. We develop a first-principles scattering model for scalar waves to study the CBS cone formation in finite-sized and sparse random media with specific geometries. The current study provides insights into the effects of density, volume size, and other relevant parameters on the angular characteristics of the CBS cone emerging from sparse and bounded random media for various types of illumination, with results consistent with well-known CBS studies which are typically based on samples with much larger number of scatterers and higher opacity. The enhancements are observed in scattering medium with dimensions between 10× and 40× wavelength and the number of particles as few as 370. This work also highlights some of the potentials and limitations of employing the CBS phenomenon to characterize disordered configurations. The method developed here provides a foundation for studies of complex electromagnetic fields beyond simple incident classical beams in randomized geometries, including structured wavefronts in illumination and quantized fields for investigating the effects of the quantum nature of light in multiple scattering, with no further numerical complications

Emergence of Coherent Backscattering from Sparse and Finite Disordered Media

Coherent backscattering (CBS) arises from complex interactions of a coherent beam with randomly positioned particles, which has been typically studied in media with large numbers of scatterers and high opacity. We develop a first-principles scattering model for scalar waves to study the CBS cone formation in finite-sized and sparse random media with specific geometries. The current study provides insights into the effects of density, volume size, and other relevant parameters on the angular characteristics of the CBS cone emerging from sparse and bounded random media for various types of illumination, with results consistent with well-known CBS studies which are typically based on samples with much larger number of scatterers and higher opacity. The enhancements are observed in scattering medium with dimensions between 10× and 40× wavelength and the number of particles as few as 370. This work also highlights some of the potentials and limitations of employing the CBS phenomenon to characterize disordered configurations. The method developed here provides a foundation for studies of complex electromagnetic fields beyond simple incident classical beams in randomized geometries, including structured wavefronts in illumination and quantized fields for investigating the effects of the quantum nature of light in multiple scattering, with no further numerical complications

Enhancement of laser-induced optical breakdown using metal/dendrimer nanocomposites

We demonstrate that dendrimer nanocomposites (DNC) can be used to remarkably change the laser-induced optical breakdown (LIOB) threshold of a material, owing to a large enhancement of the local electric field. We have implemented LIOB using femtosecond laser pulses in a gold/dendrimer hybrid nanocomposite as a model system. Third-harmonic generation measurements have been employed as a sensitive way for monitoring the LIOB in situ and in real time. The observed statistical behavior of the breakdown process is attributed to a laser-driven aggregation of individual DNC particles. The breakdown threshold value of the DNC has been found to be up to two orders of magnitude lower than that of pure dendrimers or normal tissues. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/69960/2/APPLAB-80-10-1713-1.pd

Adaptive correction of depth-induced aberrations in multiphoton scanning microscopy using a deformable mirror

We demonstrate adaptive aberration correction for depth-induced spherical aberration in a multiphoton scanning microscope with a micromachined deformable mirror. Correction was made using a genetic learning algorithm with two-photon fluorescence intensity feedback to determine the desired shape for an adaptive mirror. For a 40×/0.6 NA long working distance objective, the axial scanning range was increased from 150 mm to 600 mm.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72425/1/j.1365-2818.2002.01004.x.pd