S・O・ジュウェットノ作品ニオケル女性ノ友情 : 『トンガリ樫ノ木ノ国』

本稿は、サラ・オーン・ジュウェットの作品における女性の友情パターンと性質を研究する一連の試みの第二稿である。第一稿では作者の初期の作品であるDeephavenを扱ったが、本稿では後期の作品で最高の傑作とされているThe Country of the Pointed Firsを扱うこととする。女性の友情に関する枠組み設定はすでに第一稿でなされており、それに照らしてどのような相違があるかを明らかにする。この二つの作品は、約二十年の時を隔てて出版されたが、作品の構成、場面設定、登場人物、および主題など多くの共通点を有するものである。にもかかわらず、女性の友情という視点から見ると、二作品には大きな乖離がある。すなわち、若い女性の感傷的な友情と成熟した大人の女性の社会性を帯びた友情である。この乖離は作者自身の二十年間の実体験に帰することができると考えられる。したがって、次稿はジュウェット自身の女性たちとの友情について検証する。This paper is the second in a series which aims to explore the pattern and nature of women\u27s friendship as described in the works of Sarah Orne Jewett. The first paper introduced five categories of friendship as proposed by Janet Todd ; namely sentimental, erotic, manipulative, political and social. By so doing, it has established the framework of women\u27s friendship for the following discussions of Jewett\u27s individual works. It also analysed one of her early works, Deephaven, in contrast to this paper which will discuss Jewett\u27s later work, The Country of the Pointed Firs, her acknowledged masterpiece. Section I examines The Country of the Pointed Firs in general terms and then more specifically from the perspective of female friendship. In Section II a comparison between Deephaven and The Country of the Pointed Firs is made in terms of structure, themes, characters as well as Jewett\u27s artistic skills. In addition, another comparison is examined in regard to the pattern and nature of women\u27s friendship in the two works

A sulphoquinovosyl diacylglycerol is a DNA polymerase epsilon inhibitor.

Sulphoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG) was reported as a selective inhibitor of eukaryotic DNA polymerases alpha and beta [Hanashima, Mizushina, Ohta, Yamazaki, Sugawara and Sakaguchi (2000) Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 91, 1073-1083] and an immunosuppressive agent [Matsumoto, Sahara, Fujita, Shimozawa, Takenouchi, Torigoe, Hanashima, Yamazaki, Takahashi, Sugawara et al. (2002) Transplantation 74, 261-267]. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the biochemical properties of the inhibition more precisely. As expected, SQDG could inhibit the activities of mammalian DNA polymerases such as alpha, delta, eta and kappa in vitro in the range of 2-5 micro M, and beta and lambda in vitro in the range of 20-45 micro M. However, SQDG could inhibit only mammalian DNA polymerases epsilon (pol epsilon) activity at less than 0.04 micro M. SQDG bound more tightly to mammalian pol epsilon than the other mammalian polymerases tested. Moreover, SQDG could inhibit the activities of all the polymerases from animals such as fish and insect, but not of the polymerases from plant and prokaryotes. SQDG should, therefore, be called a mammalian pol epsilon-specific inhibitor or animal polymerase-specific inhibitor. To our knowledge, this represents the first report about an inhibitor specific to mammalian pol epsilon