Interfacial properties of polystyrene thin films as revealed by neutron reflectivity

We have studied the glass transition temperature (Tg) and molecular mobility of polystyrene (PS) thin films near the interface between the polymer thin film and substrate with bilayer thin films consisting of surface hydrogenated PS (h-PS) and bottom deuterated PS (d-PS) using neutron reflectivity. With decreasing the thickness of the bottom d-PS layer, Tg near the interface between the polymer thin film and substrate increased compared to bulk Tg and a drastic increase of Tg was observed for the bottom d-PS layer <155 Å thick. The orientation of polymer chains at the interface is supposed to be related to the increase of Tg near the interface between the polymer and substrate. The polymer chain mobility decreased with thickness even for the bottom d-PS layer with no discernible change of Tg. It is considered that the numerous contacts between polymer chains and substrate are related to the decrease of mobility near the interface between the polymer thin film and substrate