Associations between metabolic syndrome components and markers of inflammation in Welsh school children

We investigated the multivariate dimensionality and strength of the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and inflammation in children. Caucasian school children (N = 229; 12-14 yr) from Wales were tested on several health indicators including measures of body composition, inflammation, fasting glucose regulation, blood pressure and lipids. The multivariate associationbetween MetS and inflammation was investigated via canonical correlation analysis. Data were corrected for non-normality by log transformation, and sex-specific z-scores computed for variables where there was a significant sex difference. Structure r’s were interpreted to determine the dimensions of MetS and inflammation responsible for significant canonical variates. The overallmultivariate association between MetS and inflammation was significant (Wilks’ Lambda = 0.54, p < 0.001). The relationship was explained primarily by the waist circumference dimension of MetS (CC = 0.87) and inflammatory markers of fibrinogen (CC = 0.52) and C-reactive protein (CC = 0.50). The pattern of results was similar regardless of whether variables were adjusted for sex differences.Conclusions: Central adiposity is the strongest predictor of the inflammatory aspect of cardiovascular disease risk in Caucasian adolescents. Future research into MetS and cardiometabolic risk should consider multivariate statistical approaches, in order to identify the separate contributions of each dimension in interrelationships and to identify which dimensions are influenced by preventive interventions

Coronary heart disease risk factors in schoolchildren aged 12 to 13 years on differing socio-economic status

EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Physiological, biochemical and mechanical issues relating to resistive force selection during high-intensity cycle ergometer exercise

High-intensity cycle ergometry of 30 seconds duration has been widely employed to assess indices of muscle performance during maximal exercise. Traditionally, the resistive force established for such a test is determined from total body mass (TBM) for a friction-loaded Monark cycle ergometer, i.e. 75 g·kg−1. More recent studies have shown that traditional forces may be too light to elicit maximal performances and that optimization protocols can produce higher peak power outputs. Conceptually, selecting the optimal resistive force according to TBM may not be the best approach. Fat-free mass or active muscle tissue may be a more preferable alternative. Because body mass, and not composition, is the most commonly used index to determine cycle ergometer resistive force, over-or underestimations in power calculations may occur. The aim of this paper is to outline friction-loaded cycle ergometer performance using resistive forces derived from TBM and fat-free mass, to quantify the upper body contribution to high-intensity cycle ergometry. A further aim is to outline mechanical issues related to cycle ergometer design and to quantify discrepancies in resistive force application

Coronary heart disease risk factors in young people of differing socio-economic status

Analyse statistique portant sur les indices d'obésité, la pression sanguine, la pratique physique, l'alimentation et les taux de lipides et lipoprotéines sanguins sur un échantillon de 208 garçons et filles agés de 12-13 an