Irrigação por bacias em nível na cultura da bananeira.

Descrição do sistema de irrigação; Vantagens, desvantagens e adaptabilidade; Bases para o dimensionamento; Operação e manejo do sistema de irrigação; Considerações sobre a exploração comercial da bananeira irrigada por bacias em nível.bitstream/item/71927/1/CPAMN-CIR.-TEC.-04-92.pd

El uso de SIG en la zonificación de las áreas protegidas- Apa- Itaúna/Brasil- un caso de estudio

Este artículo trata sobre el uso de Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) como herramienta esencial en el tratamiento de información que apoyan el desarrollo de una zonificación ambiental. El estudio tiene como objetivo diagnosticar una zona de interés medioambiental situado en Itaúna/Brasil propuso la creación de una APA (Área de Protección Ambiental), basados en la cartografía de las características físicas, ambientales, morfológicas y sociales, así como gestión de riesgos y ocupación de la tierra. Al final, se propone que la delimitación de la zona y una zonificación modelo, desarrollado con la ayuda directa de los SIG, habida cuenta de las muchas alternativas que ofrece esta herramienta, por ejemplo, la integración y la manipulación de varias variables complejas, permitiendo una planificación y espacialmente gestionarse con más eficacia.This article deals about the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as an essential tool in the treatment of information that support the development of an Environmental Zoning. The study pretend to diagnose an area of environmental interest located in Itaúna/Brazil and propose the creation of an APA (Environmental Protection Area), based in mapping of physical, environmental, morphological and social condition, as well as risk management and occupation of land. At the end it is proposed that the demarcation of the area and a model zoning, developed with the direct assistance of GIS, given the many alternatives that this tool provides, for example, integration and manipulation of several complex variables, allowing a planning and a more efficient space management

Extração sequencial de dois tipos de solos tratados com vinhaça.

O uso de álcool a partir da cana-de-açúcar, em substituição à gasolina, acarreta um aumento na produção de certos resíduos tais como o bagaço, a torta de filtro e principalmente a vinhaça, que é um efluente gerado pelas destilarias ao efetuarem a destilação do mosto fermentado para recuperação do etanol. No início das atividades canavieiras no Brasil, a vinhaça era lançada em rios e canais abertos. Entretanto, isso provocou a mortalidade de peixes e o comprometimento da flora e da fauna. Com a sistematização do controle de poluição, a vinhaça passou a ser lançada no solo, o que acarretou o surgimento de áreas de sacrifício, comprometendo a qualidade da terra e das águas subterrâneas. Em razão do grande volume desse efluente produzido pelas destilarias de álcool (aproximadamente 14 litros de vinhaça para cada litro de álcool), vários processos têm sido propostos, principalmente o uso como fertilizante na agricultura

Using the post‐operative quality recovery scale to evaluate recovery with different neuromuscular blocking reversal agentsin the Portuguese population ‐ interim analysis results: 1AP3‐8

Background and Goal of Study: Post-operative Quality Recovery Scale (PQRS), is the first scale evaluating several domains of postoperative recovery. The objectives of this study were to compare overal and physiologic, cognitive, and functional domains of post-operative recovery af ter elective surgical procedures using neostigmine or sugammadex as neuromuscular blocking (NMB) reversal agents, to validate the use of PQRS in the Portuguese population and to objectively assess muscular strength recovery. Materials and Methods: Prospective multicenter observational study comparing postoperative recovery between 2 cohorts of 50 adult patients submitted to elective surgical procedures with general anesthesia using Nondepolarizing Muscle Relaxants and NMB reversal with neostigmine or sugammadex. Measurements obtained using Portuguese version of PQRS at dif ferent timepoint: baseline,15 minutes (T15), 40 minutes (T40), one and three days af ter surgery. Full recovery defined as return to values identical or higher than those measured at baseline, prior to surgery. Muscular strength measured with KERN- MAP® Dynamometer. Ethics Committees approval was obtained. Statistics used linear T-Test, Qui Square and Fisher exact test, data presented as mean±SD for continuous variables. Interim analysis results presented Results and Discussion: Thirty patients received neostigmine and 21 sugammadex. Age and BMI 50.4±11.8 and 28.6±5.6 in the neostigmine group and 38.2±12.7 and 24.7± 4.5 in the sugammadex group (p< 0,001). Overall response rate at T15 was 86% for neostigmine and 95% for sugammadex (p= 0.22). Dif ferences in favor of sugammadex group noted in nociceptive and emotional domains, 80 vs 100% respectively (p=0.04). Overall response rate at T40 was 80% for neostigmine and 65% for sugammadex (p=0.33), primarily reflecting constraints on activities of daily life. Muscular strength did not dif fer. Improvements in recovery scores from T15 to T40 were observed in both groups, without significant dif ferences . Postoperative assessments were feasible using PQRS at T15 and T40 and seem appropriate for comparisons between postoperative recovery domains and overall recovery . These preliminary results suggest nociceptive and emotional domains recovery at T15 may be faster with sugammadex. Conclusion: The results support the adopted PQRS validation process and the potential of this scale as a tool for the evaluation of post operative recovery evaluation in the Portuguese populatio