Principales tendencias en el vínculo educación y empleo : los jóvenes en la Argentina de la postconvertibilidad (2004-2014)

Production of INCASI Project H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015 GA 691004En el presente escrito se abordara la relacion que asume la educacion formal, la insercion laboral y los ingresos monetarios de la fuerza de trabajo ocupada, en general, y de la joven, de 18 a 29 años, en particular, residentes en el Gran Buenos Aires para el periodo de la postconvertibilidad (2004-2014). La literatura expone que, si bien los jovenes cuentan con niveles mas elevados de educacion formal y un mejor manejo de las nuevas tecnologias -y con ello una mejor adaptabilidad a contextos volatiles-, continuan teniendo mayores dificultades en materia laboral. El principal objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la evolucion de los ingresos monetarios de la fuerza de trabajo joven evaluando el impacto que el sector de insercion y los niveles educativos alcanzados tienen en las remuneraciones y su forma de distribucion. El analisis se encuadra en una metodologia cuantitativa a traves de la utilizacion de los microdatos de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares del Instituto Nacional de Estadisticas y Censos, Indec, aplicando pruebas de regresion lineal multiple con el fin de otorgar mayor robustez a los resultados alcanzados.This paper deals with the relationship between formal education, job placement and monetary income of the employed workforce in general, and of the young workforce, aged 18 to 29, in particular, líving in the Gran Buenos Aires during the post-convertibility period (2004-2014). The literature shows that, although young people have higher levels of formal education, better management of new technologies -and with it a better adaptability to volatile contexts-, they continue to have greater difficulties in labor matters. The main objective of the present study is to analyze the evolution of the monetary income of the Young workforce by evaluating the impact that the sector of insertion and the educational levels reached have on the remunerations and their form of distribution. The analysis is framed in a quantitative methodology through microdata from the Permanent Household Survey of Indec, applying multiple linear regression tests in order to give greater robustness to the results achieved

Young and adult workers: educated but unequal. Argentina, 2004-2017

el presente trabajo aborda la relación que asume la educación formal, la inserción laboral y los ingresos de la fuerza de trabajo ocupada adulta, en general, y de la joven, en particular, residente en el total de aglomerados urbanos de la argentina. en contextos de crisis, la falta de generación de puestos de empleo y el aumento de los excedentes relativos de fuerza de trabajo obligan a desplegar nuevas estrategias y a emplearse en sectores de baja productividad –aun a pesar de contar con altas calificaciones–, lo que profundiza la desigualdad. el objetivo de este estudio es caracterizar las posiciones laborales de los ocupados analizando la evolución de sus ingresos, y el impacto que el sector de inserción y las credenciales educativas tienen en su distribución para jóvenes y adultos. estos análisis se realizan para el período de la post-convertibilidad y para los primeros años de la nueva gestión de gobierno iniciada en 2015. se utilizan los microdatos de la encuesta permanente de Hogares (epH-indec).this paper addresses the relation between a formal education, labor insertion and the income of the employed adult work force in general, and of the young in particular, residing in all of the urban agglomerations in argentina. in the contexts of crisis, the lack of employment generation and the relative increase of labor force require the deployment of new strategies to be introduced in low productivity sectors - even despite having high qualifications - which deepens inequality. the objective of the study is to characterize the labor positions of the employed by analyzing the evolution of their income; and the impact that the insertion sector and educational credentials have on their distribution for young people and adults. these analyses are carried out for the post-convertibility period and for the first years of the new government management initiated in 2015. Microdata from the permanent Household survey (epH-indec) are used.studies.Fil: Rubio, María Berenice. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones "Gino Germani"; ArgentinaFil: Fachal, María Noel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones "Gino Germani"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Empleo, educación y desigualdad de ingresos: los jóvenes argentinos en un mercado laboral heterogéneo

En el presente escrito se abordará la relación que asume la educación formal, la inserción laboral y los ingresos monetarios de la fuerza de trabajo joven -de 18 a 29 años-residentes en el Gran Buenos Aires para el período 1992-2014. Otras producciones ya han demostrado que si bien los jóvenes cuentan con niveles más elevados de educación formal, un mejor manejo de las nuevas tecnologías -y con ello una mejor adaptabilidad a contextos volátiles-, continúan teniendo mayores dificultades en materia laboral. En este sentido, el principal objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la evolución de los ingresos monetarios de la fuerza de trabajo joven evaluando el impacto que los niveles educativos alcanzados y el sector de inserción tienen en las remuneraciones y su forma de distribución. Para ello se toman como años testigo: 1992 y 1998 para el régimen de la Convertibilidad; 2001 como momento pre-crisis; 2003 como año post-crisis; 2007 y 2014 para el régimen de la post- convertibilidad. Se recurre a la utilización de microdatos de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares del INDEC en sus variantes puntual y continua para abordar cada una de las fases antes señaladas.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

MODELO TERMOELÉCTRICO DE UNA BATERÍA RECARGABLE EN MATLAB-SIMULINK ( THERMOELECTRIC MODEL OF A RECHARGEABLE BATTERY IN MATLAB-SIMULINK)

Resumen Este artículo presenta la implementación computacional del modelo termoeléctrico de una batería de iones de litio (Li-ion), así como los resultados obtenidos de este modelo bajo distintas condiciones de transferencia de calor por convección. La implementación computacional del modelo desarrollado se realizó usando Matlab/Simulink. El modelo se empleó para investigar el desempeño de la batería, este modelo desarrollado se basó en los parámetros físicos de las baterías eléctricas del Nissan Leaf, i.e. voltaje nominal, capacidad eléctrica, área de convección y masa. La carga demandada de la batería fue 1.5 Amperes a una temperatura ambiente de 20°C durante 3600 segundos. Estas condiciones se mantuvieron para tres diferentes valores de coeficiente de transferencia de calor por convección: 2 y 25 W/m2 K para convección libre, mientras que para convección forzada se usan los valores 25 y 250 W/m2 K. Los resultados correspondientes mostraron valores de entre 31°C y 36°C para la correspondiente temperatura interior de la celda. Palabras clave: Batería Recargable, Modelo termoeléctrico, Matlab-Simulink Abstract This article presents the computational implementation of the thermoelectric model of a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery, as well as the results obtained from this model under different convective heat transfer conditions. The computational implementation of the developed model was carried out using Matlab / Simulink. The model was used to investigate the performance of the battery, this developed model was based on the physical parameters of the electric batteries of the Nissan Leaf, i.e. nominal voltage, electrical capacity, convection area and mass. The battery charge demanded was 1.5 Amps at an ambient temperature of 20 ° C for 3600 seconds. These conditions were maintained for three different values ​​of heat transfer coefficient by convection: 2 and 25 W / m2 K for free convection, while for forced convection the values ​​25 and 250 W / m2 K are used. The corresponding results showed values between 31 ° C and 36 ° C for the corresponding internal cell temperature. Keywords: Rechargeable Battery, Thermoelectric Model, Matlab-Simulink

E4F1-mediated control of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity is essential for skin homeostasis.

The multifunctional protein E4 transcription factor 1 (E4F1) is an essential regulator of epidermal stem cell (ESC) maintenance. Here, we found that E4F1 transcriptionally regulates a metabolic program involved in pyruvate metabolism that is required to maintain skin homeostasis. E4F1 deficiency in basal keratinocytes resulted in deregulated expression of dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (Dlat), a gene encoding the E2 subunit of the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex. Accordingly, E4f1 knock-out (KO) keratinocytes exhibited impaired PDH activity and a redirection of the glycolytic flux toward lactate production. The metabolic reprogramming of E4f1 KO keratinocytes associated with remodeling of their microenvironment and alterations of the basement membrane, led to ESC mislocalization and exhaustion of the ESC pool. ShRNA-mediated depletion of Dlat in primary keratinocytes recapitulated defects observed upon E4f1 inactivation, including increased lactate secretion, enhanced activity of extracellular matrix remodeling enzymes, and impaired clonogenic potential. Altogether, our data reveal a central role for Dlat in the metabolic program regulated by E4F1 in basal keratinocytes and illustrate the importance of PDH activity in skin homeostasis

COP1 destabilizes DELLA proteins in Arabidopsis

DELLA transcriptional regulators are central components in the control of plant growth responses to the environment. This control is considered to be mediated by changes in the metabolism of the hormones gibberellins (GAs), which promote the degradation of DELLAs. However, here we show that warm temperature or shade reduced the stability of a GA-insensitive DELLA allele in Arabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, the degradation of DELLA induced by the warmth preceded changes in GA levels and depended on the E3 ubiquitin ligase CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1). COP1 enhanced the degradation of normal and GA-insensitive DELLA alleles when coexpressed in Nicotiana benthamiana. DELLA proteins physically interacted with COP1 in yeast, mammalian, and plant cells. This interaction was enhanced by the COP1 complex partner SUPRESSOR OF phyA-105 1 (SPA1). The level of ubiquitination of DELLA was enhanced by COP1 and COP1 ubiquitinated DELLA proteins in vitro. We propose that DELLAs are destabilized not only by the canonical GA-dependent pathway but also by COP1 and that this control is relevant for growth responses to shade and warm temperature.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness and Agencia Española de Investigación/Fondo Europeo para el Desarrollo Regional/Unión Europea (grants BIO2016-79133-P to D.A. and BIO2013-46539-R and BIO2016-80551-R to V.R.); the European Union SIGNAT-Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (Grant H2020-MSCA-RISE-2014-644435 to M.A.B., D.A., and J.J.C.); the Argentinian Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (Grant Proyectos de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica-2016-1459 to J.J.C.); Universidad de Buenos Aires (grant 20020170100505BA to J.J.C.); the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (awards R01GM067837 and R01GM056006 to S.A.K.); the German Research Foundation (DFG) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy/Initiative (Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences – Excellence Cluster EXC-2048/1, Project ID 390686111 to M.D.Z.); the International Max Planck Research School of the Max Planck Society; the Universities of Düsseldorf and of Cologne to T.B.; Nordrhein Westfalen Bioeconomy Science Center-FocusLabs CombiCom to N.H. and M.D.Z.; and Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (Project LQ1601 Central European Institute of Technology 2020 to B.B. and M.C.). N.B.-T., E.I., and M.G.-L. were supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad-Formación de Personal Investigador Program fellowships

COP1 destabilizes DELLA proteins in Arabidopsis

DELLA transcriptional regulators are central components in the control of plant growth responses to the environment. This control is considered to be mediated by changes in the metabolism of the hormones gibberellins (GAs), which promote the degradation of DELLAs. However, here we show that warm temperature or shade reduced the stability of a GA-insensitive DELLA allele in Arabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, the degradation of DELLA induced by the warmth preceded changes in GA levels and depended on the E3 ubiquitin ligase CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1). COP1 enhanced the degradation of normal and GAinsensitive DELLA alleles when coexpressed in Nicotiana benthamiana. DELLA proteins physically interacted with COP1 in yeast, mammalian, and plant cells. This interaction was enhanced by the COP1 complex partner SUPRESSOR OF phyA-105 1 (SPA1). The level of ubiquitination of DELLA was enhanced by COP1 and COP1 ubiquitinated DELLA proteins in vitro. We propose that DELLAs are destabilized not only by the canonical GA-dependent pathway but also by COP1 and that this control is relevant for growth responses to shade and warm temperature.Fil: Blanco Touriñán, Noel. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia; EspañaFil: Legris, Martina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Minguet, Eugenio G.. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia; EspañaFil: Costigliolo Rojas, María Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Nohales, María A.. University of Southern California; Estados UnidosFil: Iniesto, Elisa. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: García León, Marta. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Pacín, Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Heucken, Nicole. Universitat Dusseldorf; AlemaniaFil: Blomeier, Tim. Universitat Dusseldorf; AlemaniaFil: Locascio, Antonella. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia; EspañaFil: Cerný, Martin. Mendel University in Brno; República ChecaFil: Esteve Bruna, David. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia; EspañaFil: Díez Díaz, Mónica. Univerdiad Catolica de Valencia; EspañaFil: Brzobohatý, Bretislav. Mendel University in Brno; República ChecaFil: Frerigmann, Henning. Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research; AlemaniaFil: Zurbriggen, Matías D.. Universitat Dusseldorf; AlemaniaFil: Kay, Steve A.. University of Southern California; Estados UnidosFil: Rubio, Vicente. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Blázquez, Miguel A.. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia; EspañaFil: Casal, Jorge José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Alabadí, David. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia; Españ

Outcomes of Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma after Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation: A Eurocord and EBMT Lymphoma and Cellular Therapy & Immunobiology Working Party Study

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is an alternative for patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), but only limited data on unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) are available. We analyzed 131 adults with HL who underwent UCBT in European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation centers from 2003 to 2015. Disease status at UCBT was complete remission (CR) in 59 patients (47%), and almost all patients had received a previous autologous stem cell transplantation. The 4-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 26% (95% confidence interval [CI], 19% to 34%) and 46% (95% CI, 37% to 55%), respectively. Relapse incidence was 44% (95% CI, 36% to 54%), and nonrelapse mortality (NRM) was 31% (95% CI, 23% to 40%) at 4 years. In multivariate analysis refractory/relapsed disease status at UCBT was associated with increased relapse incidence (hazard ratio [HR], 3.14 [95% CI, 1.41 to 7.00], P = .005) and NRM (HR, 3.61 [95% CI, 1.58 to 8.27], P = .002) and lower PFS (HR, 3.45 [95% CI, 1.95 to 6.10], P < .001) and OS (HR, 3.10 [95% CI, 1.60 to 5.99], P = .001). Conditioning regimen with cyclophosphamide + fludarabine + 2 Gy total body irradiation (Cy+Flu+2GyTBI) was associated with decreased risk of NRM (HR, .26 [95% CI, .10 to .64], P = .004). Moreover, Cy+Flu+2GyTBI conditioning regimen was associated with a better OS (HR, .25 [95% CI, .12 to .50], P < .001) and PFS (HR, .51 [95% CI, .27 to .96], P = .04). UCBT is feasible in heavily pretreated patients with HL. The reduced-intensity conditioning regimen with Cy+Flu+2GyTBI is associated with a better OS and NRM. However, outcomes are poor in patients not in CR at UCBT

Bacteria-inducing legume nodules involved in the improvement of plant growth, health and nutrition

Bacteria-inducing legume nodules are known as rhizobia and belong to the class Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria. They promote the growth and nutrition of their respective legume hosts through atmospheric nitrogen fixation which takes place in the nodules induced in their roots or stems. In addition, rhizobia have other plant growth-promoting mechanisms, mainly solubilization of phosphate and production of indoleacetic acid, ACC deaminase and siderophores. Some of these mechanisms have been reported for strains of rhizobia which are also able to promote the growth of several nonlegumes, such as cereals, oilseeds and vegetables. Less studied are the mechanisms that have the rhizobia to promote the plant health; however, these bacteria are able to exert biocontrol of some phytopathogens and to induce the plant resistance. In this chapter, we revised the available data about the ability of the legume nodule-inducing bacteria for improving the plant growth, health and nutrition of both legumes and nonlegumes. These data showed that rhizobia meet all the requirements of sustainable agriculture to be used as bio-inoculants allowing the total or partial replacement of chemicals used for fertilization or protection of crops