Strength Analysis for the Adhesive Layer on the Basis of Intensity of Singular Stress

In this paper the strength of adhesive joint under tension and bending is discussed on the basis of intensity of singular stress by the application of FEM. A useful method is presented with focusing on the stress at the edge of interface between the adhesive and adherent obtained by FEM. After analyzing the adhesive joint strength with all material combinations, it is found that to improve the interface strength, thin adhesive layers are desirable because the intensity of singular stress decreases with decreasing of the thickness.11th International Conference on the mechanical behavior of Materials (ICM11), 5-9 June 2011, Como, Ital

Intensity of Singular Stress Field at the Corner of Adhesive Layer in Bonded Plate

In this paper the strength of adhesive joint under tension and bending is discussed on the basis of intensity of singular stress by the application of FEM. A useful method is presented with focusing on the stress at the edge of interface between the adhesive and adherent obtained by FEM. After analyzing the adhesive joint strength with all material combinations, it is found that to improve the interface strength, thin adhesive layers are desirable because the intensity of singular stress decreases with decreasing the thickness.WASET 2011:INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE PROGRAM Holiday Inn Paris Montparnesse-Avenue du Maine, June 24-26, 2011, Paris, Franc

Decomposing the Spectrum of Ultra-Luminous X-ray Pulsar NGC 300 ULX-1

A phase-resolved analysis on the X-ray spectrum of Ultra-Luminous X-ray Pulsar (ULXP) NGC 300 ULX-1 is performed with data taken with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR on 2016 December 16th. In addition to the classical phase-restricting analysis, a method developed in active galactic nuclei studies is newly employed for ULXP. It has revealed that the pulsation cycle of the source can be divided into two intervals in terms of X-ray variability. This suggests the rotating flow consists of at least two representative emission regions. Furthermore, the new method successfully decomposed the spectrum into an independent pair in each interval. One is an unchanging-component spectrum that can be reproduced by a standard disk model with a $720^{+220}_{-120}$ km inner radius and a $0.25\pm0.03$ keV peak temperature. The other is the spectrum of the component that coincides with the pulsation. This was explained with a Comptonization of a $0.22^{+0.2}_{-0.1}$ keV blackbody and exhibited a harder photon index in the brighter phase interval of two. The results are consistent with a picture that the pulsating emission originates from a funnel-like flow formed within the magnetosphere, and the inner flow exhibiting a harder continuum is observed exclusively when the opening cone points to the observer.Comment: 27 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

Effective meson masses, effective meson-nucleon couplings and neutron star radii

Using the generalized mean field theory, we have studied the relation among the effective meson masses, the effective meson-nucleon couplings and the equation of state (EOS) in asymmetric nuclear matter. If the effective omega-meson mass becomes smaller at high density, the EOS becomes stiffer. However, if we require that the omega-meson mean field is proportional to the baryon density, the effective omega-nucleon coupling automatically becomes smaller at the same time as the effective omega-meson mass becomes smaller. Consequently, the EOS becomes softer. A similar relation is found for the effective rho-meson mass and the effective rho-nucleon coupling. We have also studied the relation among the effective meson masses, the effective meson-nucleon couplings and a radius R of a neutron star. The R depends somewhat on the value of the effective omega-meson mass and the effective omega-nucleon coupling.Comment: 29pages, 24 figure

Elevation of Bombina variegata peptide 8 in mice with collagen-induced arthritis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Bombina variegate </it>peptide 8 (Bv8) is a small protein secreted by frog skin. Recently it has been shown to contribute to tumor angiogenesis in mouse model. The purpose of this study was to investigate Bv8 in mice with type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We induced CIA in male DBA/1J mice. The severity of arthritis was evaluated based on an arthritis score. RNA was extracted from the joint, and examined for Bv8 mRNA expression by RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR. Synovial tissue and bone marrow were immunohistochemically examined using anti-Bv8 antibody.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The level of Bv8 mRNA expression in the joint was below the detection limit in the control group, but was elevated in the CIA group, and was correlated with the arthritis score. In addition, an increase in Bv8-positive cells was observed in the synovium and bone marrow in the CIA group.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Bv8 was elevated in the synovium and bone marrow of CIA mice, suggesting that Bv8 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of arthritis.</p

Nuclear export of the influenza virus ribonucleoprotein complex: Interaction of Hsc70 with viral proteins M1 and NS2

The influenza virus replicates in the host cell nucleus, and the progeny viral ribonucleoprotein complex (vRNP) is exported to the cytoplasm prior to maturation. NS2 has a nuclear export signal that mediates the nuclear export of vRNP by the vRNP-M1-NS2 complex. We previously reported that the heat shock cognate 70 (Hsc70) protein binds to M1 protein and mediates vRNP export. However, the interactions among M1, NS2, and Hsc70 are poorly understood. In the present study, we demonstrate that Hsc70 interacts with M1 more strongly than with NS2 and competes with NS2 for M1 binding, suggesting an important role of Hsc70 in the nuclear export of vRNP

Assembly and Budding of Ebolavirus

Ebolavirus is responsible for highly lethal hemorrhagic fever. Like all viruses, it must reproduce its various components and assemble them in cells in order to reproduce infectious virions and perpetuate itself. To generate infectious Ebolavirus, a viral genome-protein complex called the nucleocapsid (NC) must be produced and transported to the cell surface, incorporated into virions, and then released from cells. To further our understanding of the Ebolavirus life cycle, we expressed the various viral proteins in mammalian cells and examined them ultrastructurally and biochemically. Expression of nucleoprotein alone led to the formation of helical tubes, which likely serve as a core for the NC. The matrix protein VP40 was found to be critical for transport of NCs to the cell surface and for the incorporation of NCs into virions, where interaction between nucleoprotein and the matrix protein VP40 is likely essential for these processes. Examination of virus-infected cells revealed that virions containing NCs mainly emerge horizontally from the cell surface, whereas empty virions mainly bud vertically, suggesting that horizontal budding is the major mode of Ebolavirus budding. These data form a foundation for the identification and development of potential antiviral agents to combat the devastating disease caused by this virus

Differential inflammation-mediated function of prokineticin 2 in the synovial fibroblasts of patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with osteoarthritis

Prokineticin 2 (PK2) is a secreted protein involved in several pathological and physiological processes, including the regulation of inflammation, sickness behaviors, and circadian rhythms. Recently, it was reported that PK2 is associated with the pathogenesis of collagen-induced arthritis in mice. However, the role of PK2 in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or osteoarthritis (OA) remains unknown. In this study, we collected synovial tissue, plasma, synovial fluid, and synovial fibroblasts (SF) from RA and OA patients to analyze the function of PK2 using immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and tissue superfusion studies. PK2 and its receptors prokineticin receptor (PKR) 1 and 2 were expressed in RA and OA synovial tissues. PKR1 expression was downregulated in RA synovial tissue compared with OA synovial tissue. The PK2 concentration was higher in RA synovial fluid than in OA synovial fluid but similar between RA and OA plasma. PK2 suppressed the production of IL-6 from TNFα-prestimulated OA-SF, and this effect was attenuated in TNFα-prestimulated RA-SF. This phenomenon was accompanied by the upregulation of PKR1 in OA-SF. This study provides a new model to explain some aspects underlying the chronicity of inflammation in RA

CT-based CTVHR for cervical brachytherapy

Our purpose was to develop recommendations for contouring the computed tomography (CT)-based high-risk clinical target volume (CTVHR) for 3D image-guided brachytherapy (3D-IGBT) for cervical cancer. A 15-member Japanese Radiation Oncology Study Group (JROSG) committee with expertise in gynecological radiation oncology initiated guideline development for CT-based CTVHR (based on a comprehensive literature review as well as clinical experience) in July 2014. Extensive discussions occurred during four face-to-face meetings and frequent email communication until a consensus was reached. The CT-based CTVHR boundaries were defined by each anatomical plane (cranial–caudal, lateral, or anterior–posterior) with or without tumor progression beyond the uterine cervix at diagnosis. Since the availability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with applicator insertion for 3D planning is currently limited, T2-weighted MRI obtained at diagnosis and just before brachytherapy without applicator insertion was used as a reference for accurately estimating the tumor size and topography. Furthermore, utilizing information from clinical examinations performed both at diagnosis and brachytherapy is strongly recommended. In conclusion, these recommendations will serve as a brachytherapy protocol to be used at institutions with limited availability of MRI for 3D treatment planning