40 research outputs found
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ç«ã°ãããªã³è³Šäžã«ãããåä¹³ã®é£²çš)ã®æ€çŽ¢ã«æçšã§ããããšãæšå¯ã§ããããŸã瞊æçèŠç¹ã«ãã解æã¯ïŒæé·ã»çºè²éçšã«ãããéçãããã¯è³ªçãªå€æ²ç¹ã®è§£æã«æçšã§ããããšãæãããšãïŒæŽã«ãŸãïŒæé·ã»çºè²éçšã«ãããéºäŒåœ¢è³ªã®æ€çŽ¢æ¹æ³ãšããŠéèŠã§ããããšã瀺åãããThe published data concerned with the development of domestic animals have been well summarized by the cross-sectional observation. The cross-sectional observation is termed that the intrinsic events associated with age is observed as a number of representative samples, which typify the relative parts of something (e.g.:arthmetic mean), following one another in time. But this observation eliminates the variation of the individual development in domestic animals. In addition to the cross-sectional observation, it is important to investigate the individual development in each animal. This is the Longitudinal observation, which is termed that individual changes with age are observed in each animal. On the other hand, domestic animals seem to be characteristic of the tolerance of inherited characters, which have been selected by human beings, in order to obtain the utility of domestic animals kept for work or for the production of a useful product rather than for show or as pets. In other words, the domestic animals seem to be characteristic of fitting them better for existence and successful breeding under the conditions of their environment exerted by human beings. In studying the variation of the individual development, it is difficult to find the character of a domestic animal under the longitudinal observation so that its character may be modified by the environmental factor exerted by human beings. Justly, the feeding and climates were different in individual animal. Therefore, it is important to solve the problem of how to assess the data obtained with the longitudinal observations. In this report, the longitudinal observations were carried out in two manners to assess individual animal, in investigating the growth and development of domestic goats. The one manner is to compare animals each to each by the successive observations in the same method, and the other manner is to assess individual animal as compared with the resuls of the cross-sectional observation. And the analysis by these manners aims at stating the utilization of the longitudinal observations in domestic animals. Actually, in the former manner, the changes of the circulating erythrocytes and hemoglobin with age and somatic growth were investigated in kids. In the Latter manner, the dependence on colostrum and the fluctuation of the blood picture were investigated in the newborn kids.[I]. Longitudinal observation:The changes of the circulating erythrocytes hemoglobin with age and somatic growth in kids. The results were as follows: (1) Not only changes of the clinical examinating data with age were observed in individual kid, but also the inflection points of the changes with age in erythrocyte counts, packed cell volume and concentrations of plasma total protein were estimated by using of simple regression analysis. (2) The phenotype of hemoglobin was discriminated whenever fetal hemoglobin was contained in the faractionation of hemoglobin.[II] Cross-sectional and logitudinal observation, and comparison of both ones: The dependence of newborn kids on colostrum and the fluctuation of the blood picture in newborn kids. The results were as follows: (1) It was possible to assess the degree of passive immunity in individual kids under the longitidinal observation, as compared with the results of the cross-sectional observation, under which the acquisition of passive immunity was examined in the newborn kids fed colostrum. (2) Whether the newborn kids were fed colostrum did not always influense the fluctuation of the blood picture.[III]. Conclusion It was presumed that it was useful to assess individual animal as compared with the results of the cross-sectional observation, in the analysis of primary factors influencing the growth and development of domestic animals. It was suggested that the longitudinal observation was not only useful to comprehend the inflection points of the development, but also was important to survey the inherited characters in the process of natural growth, differentiation, or evolution by succesive changes in animals.ç£å»åŠå士麻åžå€§
Amino Acid Transport System N: Molecular Structure, Distribution and Functional Analysis of Canine SLC38A5 (SNAT5) in Lens Epithelial Cells.
Na-dependent of neutral amino acid transport activity in canine lens epithelial cells (LEC) line was investigated. The transporter activity of glutamine was 11.17 ± 3.17 nmol/mg protein/min, and it was reduced by 75% in the absence of sodium. The full-length cDNA sequence of canine sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter 5 (SNAT5) was 2151 bp long and was predicted to encode the 536 amino acid polypeptides. The deduced amino acid sequence of canine SNAT5 showed >80% similarities with those of human and mouse. The RT-PCR analysis indicated that SNAT5 was expressed in liver, kidney and LEC, but not in heart and skin
Aquaporin 1 expression in tissues of canines possessing inherited high K+ erythrocytes
We investigated the expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in tissues from canines with an inherited anomaly that causes their erythrocytes to have high K+. Northern blot analysis revealed abundant AQP1 expression in lung and kidney, though little expression was found in spleen. Using anti-C-terminus for dog AQP1, abundant expression was shown in kidney, trachea, and eye, but little expression was shown in pancreas and cerebrum, indicating that AQP1 expression in canine tissues is similar to that noted in other mammals
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çååŠã®ç解ã«å¯äžãããã®ãšèãããããMolecular structure and distribution of canine glucose transporter 4(GluT4)ãwere investigated. Canine GluT4 was consisted of 1637 nucleotides encoding 510 amino acids, which is one amino acid longer than human and mouse. Canine GluT4 exhibited 95.2% and 93.7% identity to human and mouse, respectively RT-PCR analysis indicated that its expression was confirmed in heart, skeletal muscle and lipocytes. Westernblot analysis showed the molecular weight of canine GluT4 was 50kDa. Molecular structure and distribution of insulin-sensitive GluT4 will contribute to a better understanding of the patho-physiology of canine diabetes
Evaluation of weekly bathing in allergic dogs with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcal colonization
We evaluated the efficacy of weekly bathing in reducing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS) colonization in canine allergic dermatitis in a pilot clinical trial. Six dogs with allergic dermatitis controlled by prescription medications were treated with weekly bathing for 1 month. The Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index version 3 (CADESI-03) and pruritus scores and frequency of mecA-positive Staphylococcus spp. isolated from three body sites between weeks 0 and 4 were compared. There was no significant difference in CADESI-03 scores with bathing, whereas the pruritus scores were significantly reduced (p < 0.05). Furthermore, MRS frequency was decreased in four of the six dogs (p < 0.05). In conclusion, weekly bathing should be considered for reducing MRS colonization in canine allergic dermatitis