Agreement in rotator cuff muscles measurement between ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging

[Background/objective] It is important to assess the atrophy of the rotator cuff to better understand shoulder function and pain. Previously, magnetic resonance imaging has been used for the evaluation of atrophy of rotator cuff muscles, which is time consuming. Therefore, a measurement tool requiring little time and easy accessibility is clinically desirable to be used frequently in rehabilitation. Recently, rotator cuff muscles have been evaluated using ultrasonography. However, little is known about the agreement of evaluation in rotator cuff muscles between magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the agreement between the muscle thickness measurements of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles by ultrasonography and the cross-sectional area measured by magnetic resonance imaging in the patient with rotator cuff tears. [Methods] A total of 47 patients with rotator cuff tears were enrolled. There were the 37 small tears, four medium tears, and six large tears, and the involved rotator cuff muscles were the supraspinatus in 37 shoulders, and the supraspinatus and infraspinatus in 10 shoulders. The measuring variables were muscle thickness and cross-sectional area of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles by using magnetic resonance imaging. Further, the muscle thickness of the rotator cuff were assessed using ultrasonography. A single regression model was used for demonstrating the agreement between the cross-sectional area measurement by magnetic resonance imaging and the muscle thickness measured using ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging of rotator cuff muscles. Additionally, the Bland-Altman plots between magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography was analyzed. [Results] The cross-sectional area were correlated with the muscle thickness measurement of rotator cuff muscles by magnetic resonance imaging, significantly (supraspinatus: r = 0.84, infraspinatus: ρ = 0.63, teres minor: ρ = 0.61, all p < 0.001). There were significant agreements between the cross-sectional area measured by magnetic resonance imaging and muscle thickness measured by ultrasonography (supraspinatus: r = 0.80, infraspinatus: ρ = 0.78, teres minor: ρ = 0.74, all p < 0.001). Bland-Altman plots revealed significant correlations between the average and the difference of the two measurements in supraspinatus (r = 0.36, p = 0.012), infraspinatus (r = 0.38, p < 0.001), and teres minor (r = 0.42, p < 0.001). These results clarified the proportional bias between MRI and US. [Conclusion] This study showed that, similar to magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography is a useful tool for assessing muscle atrophy of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles

Comparison of scapular upward rotation during arm elevation in the scapular plane in healthy volunteers and patients with rotator cuff tears pre- and post-surgery.

[Background] Function loss caused by rotator cuff tears alters the scapular orientation, however, few prior studies have reported on scapular movements after rotator cuff repair. The purpose was to determine the scapular orientations before and after rotator cuff repair. [Methods] We recruited 14 healthy controls, 10 small and six massive rotator cuff tear in patients. The scapular upward rotation during arm elevation was analyzed using fluoroscopic imaging. [Findings] Before surgery, both rotator cuff groups demonstrated greater scapular upward rotation compared to healthy controls. Two months postoperation, the analyses showed significant differences between the patients with small rotator cuff tears and healthy controls at arm elevations of 90°, and between patients with both rotator cuff tear groups and healthy controls at arm elevations of 120°. At five months post-operation, significant differences still existed between the healthy controls and both rotator cuff groups. In regard to the temporal effects in the patients with small rotator cuff tears, the scapular upward rotation decreased significantly over time (2–5 months postoperation) at arm elevations of 120°. We did not identify a main effect owing to time in the patients with massive rotator cuff tears. [Interpretation] In patients with small rotator cuff tears, scapular upward rotation was reduced over the period of 2–5 months postoperation, however, the patients with massive rotator cuff tears showed greater scapular upward rotation throughout the experimental period. The results suggested that the execution of the rehabilitation program should consider that the tear size could affect scapular motion

Effect of Horizontal Jaw Position on Power Spectral Distribution in Masticatory Muscle Electromyogram

本論文の要旨は昭和63年9月第58回広島大学歯学会例会,平成元年6月第31回日本ME学会専門別研究会顎口腔機能研究会,平成4年9月第70回広島大学歯学会例会および平成4年11月第15回日本ME学会中国四国支部大会において発表した

Three-Dimensional Morphometry of Single Endothelial Cells with Substrate Stretching and Image-Based Finite Element Modeling

Morphologically accurate reproduction of the behavior of endothelial cells is a key to understanding their mechanical behavior in cyclically inflated arteries and to quantitatively correlating this with cellular responses. We developed a novel technique to measure the three-dimensional geometry of cells on the substrate being stretched. We obtained sliced images of cells using confocal laser-scanning microscopy, and created image-based finite element models in the unloaded state assuming neo-Hookean material. Comparison of numerical predictions and experiments involving six cells when the substrate was stretched by 15% showed that the deformed geometry agreed with an average error of 0.55&#8201; m, roughly one-hundredth the size of a cell, for the lower half of the range of cellular height. Numerical sensitivity analyses showed that the cellular deformation under substrate stretching, that is, displacement boundaries, is insensitive to the absolute value of the elastic modulus, but depends on the nuclear to cytoplasmic modulus ratio.</p

Three-Dimensional Morphometry of Single Endothelial Cells with Substrate Stretching and Image-Based Finite Element Modeling

Morphologically accurate reproduction of the behavior of endothelial cells is a key to understanding their mechanical behavior in cyclically inflated arteries and to quantitatively correlating this with cellular responses. We developed a novel technique to measure the three-dimensional geometry of cells on the substrate being stretched. We obtained sliced images of cells using confocal laser-scanning microscopy, and created image-based finite element models in the unloaded state assuming neo-Hookean material. Comparison of numerical predictions and experiments involving six cells when the substrate was stretched by 15&#37; showed that the deformed geometry agreed with an average error of &#x003C;0.55&#x2009;&#x03BC;m, roughly one-hundredth the size of a cell, for the lower half of the range of cellular height. Numerical sensitivity analyses showed that the cellular deformation under substrate stretching, that is, displacement boundaries, is insensitive to the absolute value of the elastic modulus, but depends on the nuclear to cytoplasmic modulus ratio