Фил и Соф: диалоги о вечном и преходящем. К 200-летию со дня рождения Карла Маркса: марксизм, государственная идеология и "русский социализм"

The theoretical legacy of Karl Marx today raises increased interest throughout the world. In Russia, this interest is connected not only with economic issues, but mainly with a preferred political ideology. In series of our papers, we discuss the most acute socio-philosophical issues in the dialogic polemical form. In particularly, the subject matter of this paper is the relevance of socialist doctrines, and to clarify this, we use a conceptual, source, socio-philosophical and historical-philosophical analysis. Thus, we suppose that transformation of the political ideology into theomachic one was largely due to misinterpretation of idea of the Kingdom of God (that it, and, more importantly, society of justice embodies it, is only outside of history and has no relation to this life, which is solely the king suffering). Even the humanists of the Renaissance argued against these and other dogmatic extremes. However, the Church was so dogmatized that it could not adequately respond to challenges of the epoch. Therefore, social thought, and behind it, social consciousness evolved from transcendentism to pantheism and then to materialism and atheism. This new ideology as a promising one was adopted by not only revolutionaries, but also adventurers-fraudsters. At the same time, secularized ideologies are not the only ones: in Latin America an example of such religious social ideology is liberation theology, in Russia it is ‘Russian socialism’ in the spirit of Dostoevsky, Fedotov, Berdyaev, Frank, Stepun. In our article, we give a brief overview of the works of Russian philosophers on this social phenomenon. However, Marxism as an idea is not discredited itself, discredited itself is only social and political practice of its implementation. Meanwhile, it has already undergone significant changes, and now we should talk about its creative application based on the needs of today and the return of the ethical (and religious) component. Marxism does not necessarily have to lead to totalitarianism, unlike capitalism, which has already led to the construction of a totalitarian society, including the modern Western, judging by the information war, in which lies and pandering violence became the norm. This society turned out to be indistinguishable from the dictatorship of the proletariat, since there is always the dictatorship of someone or something in society: capital, capitalists, oligarchs, etc. And the dictatorship of the democratic majority can be much worse than the dictatorship of a single tyrant. The basis of Marxism, on the contrary, is the idea of human emancipation. Thar’s why we conclude that Marxism not only does not contradict the basic ideas of ‘Russian socialism’, but their synthesis can become the basis for the formation of a new productive ideology for the Russian state.В статье в диалогической форме полемически обсуждаются проблемы, связанные с осмыслением актуальности социалистических учений, а также необходимость преодоления современного идеологического хаотического плюрализма и формулирования единой государственной идеологии. Обосновывается конструктивность концепта «русского социализма», соединяющего в себе идеи внешнего переустройства жизни и внутреннего преображения человека

Rhizosphere bacterium rhodococcus sp. P1y metabolizes ab-scisic acid to form dehydrovomifoliol

The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in plant growth and in response to abiotic stress factors. At the same time, its accumulation in soil can negatively affect seed germination, inhibit root growth and increase plant sensitivity to pathogens. ABA is an inert compound resistant to spontaneous hydrolysis and its biological transformation is scarcely under-stood. Recently, the strain Rhodococcus sp. P1Y was described as a rhizosphere bacterium assimilat-ing ABA as a sole carbon source in batch culture and affecting ABA concentrations in plant roots. In this work, the intermediate product of ABA decomposition by this bacterium was isolated and purified by preparative HPLC techniques. Proof that this compound belongs to ABA derivatives was carried out by measuring the molar radioactivity of the conversion products of this phytohor-mone labeled with tritium. The chemical structure of this compound was determined by instrumen-tal techniques including high-resolution mass spectrometry, NMR spectrometry, FTIR and UV spec-troscopies. As a result, the metabolite was identified as (4RS)-4-hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethyl-4-[(E)-3-oxobut-1-enyl]cyclohex-2-en-1-one (dehydrovomifoliol). Based on the data obtained, it was con-cluded that the pathway of bacterial degradation and assimilation of ABA begins with a gradual shortening of the acyl part of the molecule

Accumulation of storage proteins in plant seeds is mediated by amyloid formation

Copyright: © 2020 Antonets et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Amyloids are protein aggregates with a highly ordered spatial structure giving them unique physicochemical properties. Different amyloids not only participate in the development of numerous incurable diseases but control vital functions in archaea, bacteria and eukarya. Plants are a poorly studied systematic group in the field of amyloid biology. Amyloid properties have not yet been demonstrated for plant proteins under native conditions in vivo. Here we show that seeds of garden pea Pisum sativum L. contain amyloid-like aggregates of storage proteins, the most abundant one, 7S globulin Vicilin, forms bona fide amyloids in vivo and in vitro. Full-length Vicilin contains 2 evolutionary conserved β-barrel domains, Cupin-1.1 and Cupin-1.2, that self-assemble in vitro into amyloid fibrils with similar physicochemical properties. However, Cupin-1.2 fibrils unlike Cupin-1.1 can seed Vicilin fibrillation. In vivo, Vicilin forms amyloids in the cotyledon cells that bind amyloid-specific dyes and possess resistance to detergents and proteases. The Vicilin amyloid accumulation increases during seed maturation and wanes at germination. Amyloids of Vicilin resist digestion by gastrointestinal enzymes, persist in canned peas, and exhibit toxicity for yeast and mammalian cells. Our finding for the first time reveals involvement of amyloid formation in the accumulation of storage proteins in plant seeds