Peer to Peer Communication between Android Device and PC and Video Surveillance using Android Device

Peer to peer technology is used for sharing of various contents that are already saved on PC. In this mobile is one peer and PC is another peer. Connection is established between computer and android smart phone which is peer to peer networking. This system is useful for like viewing or browsing a file which is stored on a remote computer, saving image files and text files to the computer and handling control of a remote computer using a android smart phone. Not only remote computer but also we can have control over various extended devices which are connected to that computer. It also represents architecture to improve video surveillance using android Smart-phone. This system allows application dynamic composition which is increases the overall flexibility of the system. This video surveillance system satisfies all needs of dynamism which results into easy allowing use of system to different users. This system provides better surveillance by selecting access live for past videos from different locations. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15013

A study on Feasibility of Bioremediation of Crude Oil contaminated soil from Kalol with Indigenous Mixed Culture

Bioremediation is an efficient technique for treatment of various kinds of contaminants with application of microorganisms and the provision of their kinetics renders implementation of various biochemical characterizations based on rates of decomposition. The present study is based on feasibility of bioremediation for crude oil contaminated soil from agricultural land of Kalol area of Ahmedabad district, Gujarat, India. The experiment was arranged in five batches with descending levels of contamination measured in terms of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH); batch A and B with initial contamination of 11.7% TPH and batch C, D, E with 7.3%, 7.24%, 2.3% TPH respectively. The indigenous consortium from collected soil sample was cultured in lab and applied to batch A, C, E whereas unknown culture provided by OTBL (ONGC TERI Biotech Limited) was applied to batch B, C and treated as reference to the other three batches. The growth pattern of indigenous consortium was observed from total colony counts in CFU/ml/day that revealed diauxic growth pattern during stages of development after lag phase. The kinetics of microbial growth using Verhulst model based on diauxic isotherm was plotted. Also the degradation of crude oil in all batches of soil was estimated using solvent extraction technique at regular intervals of time. The degradation rate of crude oil contamination within soil was studied using integral method which showed first order kinetics. Other characteristics of indigenous consortium including morphology and substrate utilization were observed using standard determination methods. The variation in physical and chemical properties of soil such as pH, ORP, conductivity, colour, TPH are observed on prior and latter basis of bioremediation

The Impact of Beam Variations on Power Spectrum Estimation for 21 cm Cosmology II: Mitigation of Foreground Systematics for HERA

One key challenge in detecting 21 cm cosmological signal at z > 6 is to separate the cosmological signal from foreground emission. This can be studied in a power spectrum space where the foreground is confined to low delay modes whereas the cosmological signal can spread out to high delay modes. When there is a calibration error, however, chromaticity of gain errors propagates to the power spectrum estimate and contaminates the modes for cosmological detection. The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) employs a high-precision calibration scheme using redundancy in measurements. In this study, we focus on the gain errors induced by nonredundancies arising from feed offset relative to the HERA's 14 meter parabolic dish element, and investigate how to mitigate the chromatic gain errors using three different methods: restricting baseline lengths for calibration, smoothing the antenna gains, and applying a temporal filter prior to calibration. With 2 cm/2 degree perturbations for translation/tilting motions, a level achievable under normal HERA operating conditions, the combination of the baseline cut and temporal filtering indicates that the spurious gain feature due to nonredundancies is significantly reduced, and the power spectrum recovers the clean foreground-free region. We found that the mitigation technique works even for large feed motions but in order to keep a stable calibration process, the feed positions need to be constrained to 2 cm for translation motions and 2 degree for tilting offset relative to the dish's vertex.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap

Spectral Statistics of Instantaneous Normal Modes in Liquids and Random Matrices

We study the statistical properties of eigenvalues of the Hessian matrix ${\cal H}$ (matrix of second derivatives of the potential energy) for a classical atomic liquid, and compare these properties with predictions for random matrix models (RMM). The eigenvalue spectra (the Instantaneous Normal Mode or INM spectra) are evaluated numerically for configurations generated by molecular dynamics simulations. We find that distribution of spacings between nearest neighbor eigenvalues, s, obeys quite well the Wigner prediction $s exp(-s^2)$, with the agreement being better for higher densities at fixed temperature. The deviations display a correlation with the number of localized eigenstates (normal modes) in the liquid; there are fewer localized states at higher densities which we quantify by calculating the participation ratios of the normal modes. We confirm this observation by calculating the spacing distribution for parts of the INM spectra with high participation ratios, obtaining greater conformity with the Wigner form. We also calculate the spectral rigidity and find a substantial dependence on the density of the liquid.Comment: To appear in Phys. Rev. E; 10 pages, 6 figure

Mesoscopic organization reveals the constraints governing C. elegans nervous system

One of the biggest challenges in biology is to understand how activity at the cellular level of neurons, as a result of their mutual interactions, leads to the observed behavior of an organism responding to a variety of environmental stimuli. Investigating the intermediate or mesoscopic level of organization in the nervous system is a vital step towards understanding how the integration of micro-level dynamics results in macro-level functioning. In this paper, we have considered the somatic nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, for which the entire neuronal connectivity diagram is known. We focus on the organization of the system into modules, i.e., neuronal groups having relatively higher connection density compared to that of the overall network. We show that this mesoscopic feature cannot be explained exclusively in terms of considerations, such as optimizing for resource constraints (viz., total wiring cost) and communication efficiency (i.e., network path length). Comparison with other complex networks designed for efficient transport (of signals or resources) implies that neuronal networks form a distinct class. This suggests that the principal function of the network, viz., processing of sensory information resulting in appropriate motor response, may be playing a vital role in determining the connection topology. Using modular spectral analysis, we make explicit the intimate relation between function and structure in the nervous system. This is further brought out by identifying functionally critical neurons purely on the basis of patterns of intra- and inter-modular connections. Our study reveals how the design of the nervous system reflects several constraints, including its key functional role as a processor of information.Comment: Published version, Minor modifications, 16 pages, 9 figure

MARES: A macroscopic approach to the radar echo scatter from high-energy particle cascades

In this work, we provide a macroscopic model to predict the radar echo signatures found when a radio signal is reflected from a cosmic-ray or neutrino-induced particle cascade propagating in a dense medium like ice. Its macroscopic nature allows for an energy independent runtime, taking less than 10 s for simulating a single scatter event. As a first application, we discuss basic signal properties and simulate the expected signal for the T-576 beam-test experiment at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC). We find good signal strength agreement with the only observed radar echo from a high-energy particle cascade to date.Comment: To be submitte

Nf-κb Inhibition Rescues Cardiac Function By Remodeling Calcium Genes In A Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Model

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disorder causing progressive muscle degeneration. Although cardiomyopathy is a leading mortality cause in DMD patients, the mechanisms underlying heart failure are not well understood. Previously, we showed that NF-κB exacerbates DMD skeletal muscle pathology by promoting inflammation and impairing new muscle growth. Here, we show that NF-κB is activated in murine dystrophic (mdx) hearts, and that cardiomyocyte ablation of NF-κB rescues cardiac function. This physiological improvement is associated with a signature of upregulated calcium genes, coinciding with global enrichment of permissive H3K27 acetylation chromatin marks and depletion of the transcriptional repressors CCCTC-binding factor, SIN3 transcription regulator family member A, and histone deacetylase 1. In this respect, in DMD hearts, NF-κB acts differently from its established role as a transcriptional activator, instead promoting global changes in the chromatin landscape to regulate calcium genes and cardiac function

The use of electric fields for edible coatings and films development and production: A review

Edible films and coatings can provide additional protection for food, while being a fully biodegradable, environmentally friendly packaging system. A diversity of raw materials used to produce edible coatings and films are extracted from marine and agricultural sources, including animals and plants. Electric fields processing holds advantage in producing safe, wholesome and nutritious food. Recently, the presence of a moderate electric field during the preparation of edible coatings and films was shown to influence their main properties, demonstrating its usefulness to tailor edible films and coatings for specific applications. This manuscript reviews the main aspects of the use of electric fields in the production of edible films and coatings, including the effect in their transport and mechanical properties, solubility and microstructure.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brasil

Comparison of glucosamine sulfate and a polyherbal supplement for the relief of osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized controlled trial [ISRCTN25438351]

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The efficacy and safety of a dietary supplement derived from South American botanicals was compared to glucosamine sulfate in osteoarthritis subjects in a Mumbai-based multi-center, randomized, double-blind study.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Subjects (n = 95) were screened and randomized to receive glucosamine sulfate (n = 47, 1500 mg/day) or reparagen (n = 48, 1800 mg/day), a polyherbal consisting of 300 mg of vincaria (<it>Uncaria guianensis</it>) and 1500 mg of RNI 249 (<it>Lepidium meyenii</it>) administered orally, twice daily. Primary efficacy variable was response rate based on a 20% improvement in WOMAC pain scores. Additional outcomes were WOMAC scores for pain, stiffness and function, visual analog score (VAS) for pain, with assessments at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. Tolerability, investigator and subject global assessments and rescue medication consumption (paracetamol) were measured together with safety assessments including vital signs and laboratory based assays.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Subject randomization was effective: age, gender and disease status distribution was similar in both groups. The response rates (20% reduction in WOMAC pain) were substantial for both glucosamine (89%) and reparagen (94%) and supported by investigator and subject assessments. Using related criteria response rates to reparagen were favorable when compared to glucosamine. Compared to baseline both treatments showed significant benefits in WOMAC and VAS outcomes within one week (P < 0.05), with a similar, progressive improvement over the course of the 8 week treatment protocol (45–62% reduction in WOMAC or VAS scores). Tolerability was excellent, no serious adverse events were noted and safety parameters were unchanged. Rescue medication use was significantly lower in the reparagen group (p < 0.01) at each assessment period. Serum IGF-1 levels were unaltered by treatments.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Both reparagen and glucosamine sulfate produced substantial improvements in pain, stiffness and function in subjects with osteoarthritis. Response rates were high and the safety profile was excellent, with significantly less rescue medication use with reparagen. Reparagen represents a new natural productive alternative in the management of joint health.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN25438351.</p