Body image perception, eating attitude and influence of media among undergraduate students of medical college in Delhi: a cross sectional study

Background: Body image perception is being shaped by unrealistic ideals portrayed in the media. Body dissatisfaction is one of the most consistent and robust risk factors for eating disorders, low self-esteem, depression, and obesity. Therefore, the objective of the current study is to ascertain the body image perception, abnormal eating attitudes and the role of media among undergraduate students of a medical college in Delhi, India.Methods: Cross-sectional study on 370 undergraduate medical students of Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India selected using stratified random sampling. India. Students completed a self-administered questionnaire which consist of demographic information, perceived body image, Eating Attitudes test (EAT-26) to assess eating attitudes, Socio Cultural Attitude Towards Appearance Questionnaire 3(SATAQ-3) scale for the role of media on body image perception. Data was analyzed using SPSS v21.Results: A total of 370 students (57.6% males and 42.4% females) aged 17-30 years, mean age of 20.30 years±2.02(SD). Abnormal body image perception was seen in 35.4%, 21.1% had abnormal eating attitude (EAT-26≥20), 36.5%, 40.5% agreed to be influenced by models and athletic figures in media respectively, 42.2% accepted that media was their source of information regarding standards of attractiveness, 27.6% felt pressured to be attractive according to SATAQ-3. Males more than females had disordered eating attitudes and felt media pressure to achieve an ideal body image. Significant association was observed between age and perceived body image (p=0.033), gender and EAT-26 score (p=0.039), EAT 26 and perceived body image (p=0.006), general internalization of media and perceived body image (p=0.003), internalization-general, internalization-athlete, media as source of information and EAT-26 score (<0.001, 0.001, 0.003 respectively).Conclusions: The media should take more responsibility to not represent unrealistic ideals of body image concerning both males and females. Educational and preventive efforts at institutional levels should be made to promote a healthy body image and eating behaviours

Use of henna as a durable pre-operative skin marker for accurate localisation of vertebral level in spine surgery

BACKGROUND: Indiscriminate use of intra-operative fluoroscopy can incur harm both to the patient as well as the surgeons. Orthopedic surgeons seldom do in skin marking prior to cleaning and draping of the operative site. This study aims to study the feasibility and utility of pre-operative skin marking with henna in conjunction with marker radiograph.METHODS: Out of 54 patients undergoing spine surgery, vertebral level localization was done by fluoroscopy in 26 patients. In the rest of the 28 patients, preoperative marker radiograph with steel wires was taken in conjunction with henna line markings on the skin. These were correlated for vertebral level localization. Difference in time taken for vertebral localization by these two methods, and the difference in the number of fluoroscopic images required was observed and recorded.RESULTS: Approximately 4 minutes were needed for level localization via fluoroscopic technique, whereas the henna marking technique did this in approximately 30 seconds. No adverse effects of henna application were observed during the study.CONCLUSIONS: The use of preoperative skin marking with henna along with the appropriate marker radiograph can reduce the surgical time and radiation exposure without increasing the chances of a wrong level surgery in the spine

Nonoperative management of spontaneous epidural hematoma in hemophilia A

Background: Spontaneous epidural haematoma is a rare clinical presentation and may be associated with coagulation disorders. These hematomas present usually with rapidly developing paraparesis and any delay in diagnosis may be disastrous.Methods: We included five patients of spontaneous epidural hematomas in hemophilia A with neurological deficit. They were treated non-operatively with factor VIII replacement therapy with oral tranexamic acid and intravenous dexamethasone as per protocol. All patients were followed up for 6 months and assessed for signs of neurological recovery and radiological resolution of hematoma.Results: All patients had complete motor recovery within 3 months of initiating treatment and showed resolution of hematoma on MRI. Conclusions: Prognosis following early initiation of correction of factor deficiency is good

Formulation Development and Evaluation of Nanoparticulate Systems of Levofloxacin

An emerging advancement in pharmaceutical sciences and perturbing limitation of conventional drug delivery systems have triggered extensive research in novel carrier systems. There has been extensive research on novel carriers that promise patient compliance, but toxicological part is still the biggest challenge to any drug delivery systems. In the present research, we have develop levofloxacin&nbsp; nanopartulate systems&nbsp; with chitosan and sodium triphosphte&nbsp; which offer safer dosage form with increased bioavailability as well as better patient compliance. In all formulation the minimum percentage yield shows in formulation F8 (70.23%) and maximum in formulation F6 (89.23%). The highest % cumulative drug release after 8 hrs was found to be 92.658 and first order release kinetics; the r2 value for first order was found to be 0.988 Keywords: Nanoparticulate systems, Chitosan, Levofloxacin, Compliance, Bioavailability

Enterprise competence organization schema: publishing the published competences

Competence is a standardized way to define the profile of an enterprise. Understanding and auditing competences acquired, required, and desired by a company and further representing them in a structured manner is a beneficial step for enhancing the company's performance. Ontology is emerging as an effective tool to structure competences for comprehensive and transportable machine understanding. In the present paper, ECOS (Enterprise Competence Organization Schema) is presented as a mechanism to capture enterprise competence in a manner understandable by computers. The objective behind this concept is to create a web of machine-readable pages describing basic information and competences of enterprises with sets of interconnected data and semantic models. The ECOS ontology captures enterprise competences using a consistent and comprehensive list of concepts and vocabulary and converts them into a semantic web resource using the Web Ontology Language (OWL). The novel concept of an ECOS-card and ECOS-form is proposed and used for developing and publishing enterprise competences. Examples from real-life enterprise applications of ECOS are also shown in the paper

Rhabdomyosarcoma mimicking as pleural effusion

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a malignant neoplasm of skeletal muscle origin, is the most common soft tissue sarcoma caused by infectious disease etiology, especially in nondeveloped countries. Despite being a relatively rare cancer, it accounts for approximately 40% of all recorded soft tissue sarcomas. Alveolar RMSs are seen to occur in children, while around 80% cases occur in the first three decades of life. We present here, a case of a 12-year-old child having alveolar RMS, presenting clinically and radiologically with pleural effusion

Estimates of Genetic Variability and Correlation Coefficient for Yield and Its Attributes in Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)

The study was conducted throughout the autumn/winter season 2021-2022 with the aim of estimating genetic variability for different characters in available Fenugreek germplasm viz: heritability in broad sense, genetic advance in per cent of mean and correlation coefficient among the characters pairs. The study's experimental material comprised 42 genotypes along with one check (Hisar Sonali). There were eleven quantitative characteristics (traits) on which observations were made. The magnitude of the phenotypic coefficient of variation (P.C.V.) was greater than the genotypic coefficient of variation (G.C.V). The greatest differences in phenotype and genotype have been found in seed yield per plant followed by (no.) number of branches per plant, harvest index, days to maturity, test weight and no number. of seed per pod. The heritability estimates for various traits ranged from 15.9 (no number. of branches per plant) to 68.3 (plant height). Genetic advance in per cent of mean ranged from 3.36 per cent (No. number of seed per pod) to 12.64 per cent (days to maturity). The phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefficients were computed among the eleven characters. The most (A very) important trait, seed yield per plant exhibited highly significant and positive phenotypic correlation with, harvest index (0.948) and test weight (0.935). While, days to 50% flowering (-0.678) was significantly and negatively correlated with &nbsp;seed yield per plant. These findings suggested that the current fenugreek germplasm has a great deal of promise for effective crop improvement&nbsp;and better&nbsp;yield and yield-(components) attributing traits

Knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19 pandemic among patients attending dental outpatient department of M.G.M. Medical College and Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India

Background: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an extremely contagious illness that spreads mostly via the dentistry practice. Patients in need of dental care are at a higher risk of becoming infected with and becoming carriers of the illness. Aim: To assess the COVID-19-related knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of patients visiting dental outpatient department of M.G.M. Medical College and Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients visiting dental outpatient department of M.G.M. Medical College and Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India were included. The questionnaire had four sections including demographic information, knowledge, attitudes, and practice in relation to COVID-19. Along with computation of descriptive statistics, data analysis was performed using unpaired t-test. Results: A total of 332 people took part in the research. The female respondents were higher in number (53.01%) and the highest percentage of the respondents belongs to the age group 18–40 years (55.72%). Nearly, 98% of respondents were vaccinated. The highest percentage of KAP level was recorded for knowledge (74.95%) followed by that of attitude (50.84%) and practices (37.05%). Conclusion: While respondents' overall knowledge was high but their enthusiasm for taking preventative measures was low, and their efforts to stem the pandemic were lagging at best. Future campaigns should focus more on reaching out to marginalized populations, such as those with less education or higher poverty rates

Synthesis and evaluation of selected 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives for in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo anti-tumor activity

The oxadiazole moiety is known for its anticancer activity through its antiangiogenic and mitostatic potential. Taking this as a cue, the present study was designed to investigate the anti-cancer potential of selected oxadiazole derivatives. Twelve 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives (AMK OX-1 to AMK OX-12) were synthesized and were tested for IC(50) values through brine shrimp lethality assay and MTT assay on HeLa and A549 cell lines. Four compounds, AMK OX-8, 9, 11 and 12 showed potential cytotoxicity activity with low IC(50) value. These compounds produced considerable cytotoxic effect on Hep-2 and A549 cancer cell lines. However, they were found to be comparatively safer to normal cell lines, viz., V-79 cell lines than to the tested cancer cell lines, such as HeLa, A 549, and Hep2 cell lines. The mechanism of cytotoxicity was evaluated through nuclear staining and DNA ladder assay. Although DNA ladder assay showed DNA fragmentation (apoptotic phenomenon) in Hep-2 cells treated with only AMK OX-12, the staining procedures using acridine orange, ethidium bromide and propidium iodide showed apoptotic bodies in cells treated with AMK OX-8, 9 and 12 also. In JCI staining on isolated mitochondria of Hep2 cells, AMK OX-8, 9-11 and 12 displayed increasing fluorescence intensity with time which confirmed involvement of mitochondrial pathway and intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. All four compounds were found to be safe in acute oral toxicity study in Swiss albino mice. These derivatives were effective in reducing tumor size and weight in the in vivo DLA-induced solid tumor model. They were found to be significantly effective in reducing tumor volume and tumor weight