L'acide polymethacrylique est thermosensible en solvant organique

International audienc

5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy can target aggressive adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma resistant to conventional chemotherapy

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging treatment for various solid cancers. We recently reported that tumor cell lines and patient specimens from adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) are susceptible to specific cell death by visible light exposure after a short-term culture with 5-aminolevulinic acid, indicating that extracorporeal photopheresis could eradicate hematological tumor cells circulating in peripheral blood. As a bridge from basic research to clinical trial of PDT for hematological malignancies, we here examined the efficacy of ALA-PDT on various lymphoid malignancies with circulating tumor cells in peripheral blood. We also examined the effects of ALA-PDT on tumor cells before and after conventional chemotherapy. With 16 primary blood samples from 13 patients, we demonstrated that PDT efficiently killed tumor cells without influencing normal lymphocytes in aggressive diseases such as acute ATL. Importantly, PDT could eradicate acute ATL cells remaining after standard chemotherapy or anti-CCR4 antibody, suggesting that PDT could work together with other conventional therapies in a complementary manner. The responses of PDT on indolent tumor cells were various but were clearly depending on accumulation of protoporphyrin IX, which indicates the possibility of biomarker-guided application of PDT. These findings provide important information for developing novel therapeutic strategy for hematological malignancies

Parsons' knob, the bony landmark of the tibial insertion of the anterior cruciate ligament, evaluated by three-dimensional computed tomography

Background: In recent years, highly detailed evaluations have been performed using three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT). Very small bony ridges, such as Resident's ridge and the lateral bifurcate ridge can be visualised by 3D CT. The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether Parsons' knob, which was recognised as the bony landmark of the anterior cruciate ligament insertion on the tibia, can be visualised by 3D CT, and, if this is possible, to clarify its location and morphology. Methods: One hundred knees were scanned by CT in this study and 3D models were created using the volume-rendering technique. Parsons' knob was detected on the axial 3D CT view of the tibial plateau. The location of the knob was presented on a grid aligned with the medial-to-lateral and anterior-to-posterior anatomical tibial axes. All measurements were expressed as a percentage of the corresponding maximum dimension. The width and height of Parsons' knob were also measured. Results: Parsons' knob was detected in all 100 knees and was ordinarily found as a ridge that ran obliquely forward from the anterior edge of the medial spine. The knob was located at an average of 22 ± 3.1% of the anterior-to-posterior tibial plateau depth from the anterior edge of the tibia and extended from a mean ± s.d. of 46.9 ± 2.1% to 54 ± 3.6% of the medial-to-lateral tibial plateau width from the medial edge of the tibia. The average width of the knob was 11.5 ± 3.1 mm, and the average height was 1.2 ± 0.3 mm at the most medial portion, 0.2 ± 0.3 mm at the most lateral portion, and 1.2 ± 0.3 mm at the intermediate portion between them. The medial and intermediate portions of the knob were significantly higher than the lateral portion (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The location and morphology of Parsons' knob can be well-visualised using 3D CT

Intraoperative evaluation of anteroposterior and rotational stabilities in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: lower femoral tunnel placed single-bundle versus double-bundle reconstruction

Twenty-six patients with anteroposterior (AP) laxity of the knee, associated with torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), were prospectively randomized for arthroscopic lower femoral tunnel placed single- or double-bundle reconstruction using hamstring tendons. We evaluated AP and rotational stabilities under regular loads (a 100-N anterior load and a 1.5-N m external–internal load) before and after ACL reconstruction, comparing single- and double-bundle reconstruction with our original device for applying quantitative tibial rotation and the navigation system intraoperatively. No significant differences were found between the two groups in AP displacement and total range of tibial rotation at 30° and 60° of knee flexion. We found that a lower femoral tunnel placed single-bundle reconstruction reproduced AP and rotational stability as well as double-bundle reconstruction after reconstruction intraoperatively

Gélification physique de copolymères AB alternés composés d'unités vinylphénol et maléimide: coopération entre les groupes pendants phénol et alkyle incorporés avec précision.

International audienceA series of alternating copolymers consisting of vinyl phenol and n-alkyl maleimide was synthesized via radical copolymerization of a protected styrene derivative with a functional maleimide monomer followed by the deprotection. The copolymers carrying long alkyl pendant such as C12H25-or C18H37-chains on the maleimide unit showed UCST-type thermal response in aromatic solvents and organogels were specifically formed upon cooling of the fluid solution prepared at higher temperature. Hydrogen bonding of the phenol units is crucial for the gelation and the gelation temperature and stiffness were tuneable by varying concentration, solvent and polymerization degree. Analyses by 1 H-NMR, linear rheology, WAXD, SANS and cryo-TEM gave the picture of vermicular self-assembled nano-objects formed through segregated and hydrogen-bonded packing by the precisely incorporated two units in alternating sequence