The anti-creativity letters: Advice from a senior tempter to a junior tempter

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91931/1/anticreativity.pd

Article Addendum: Ecocultural basis of cognition: Farmers and fishermen are more holistic than herders

It has been hypothesized that interdependent (versus independent) social orientations breed more holistic (versus analytic) cognitions. If so, farming and small-scale fishing, which require more cooperation (and represent a more interdependent mode of being) than does herding, may encourage a more holistic mode of cognition. To test this hypothesis we compared responses to tasks measuring categorization, reasoning, and attention by members of herding, fishing, and farming communities in the eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. The samples did not differ from each other in important demographic variables such as nationality, ethnicity, language, and religion, as well as age and education. As hypothesized, in all three tasks, results indicated a greater degree of holistic mode of cognition exhibited by the members of fishing and farming communities than members of herding communities. The findings support the notion that level of special interdependence fostered by ecocultural settings is likely to shape the ways in which individuals perceive and attend to their surrounding world

Culture and cognition

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91934/1/culture_and_cognition.pd

Culture, dialecticism, and reasoning about contradiction

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91930/1/culture_and_dialectics.pd

Culture, change and prediction

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91927/1/culture_change_prediction.pd

The effects of graduate training on reasoning: Formal discipline and thinking about everyday life events

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/92173/1/TheEffectsOfGraduateTraining.pd

Culture, control, and perception of relationships in the environment

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91935/1/culture_control.pd

Evolutionary psychology, biology, and cultural evolution

Evolutionary approaches to behavior, so far from indicating that human behavioral patterns must be universal and “wired,” actually provide us with good reasons for expecting cultural diversity and good tools for showing how it might develop. Even gender-role related behavior may be very plastic. Highly “macho” male behavior may be an adaptation to dangerous ecological and economic constraints. Similarly, homicide rates differ massively from culture to culture and may be under the control of specificable ecological and economic constraints.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/45363/1/11031_2004_Article_BF00996184.pd

The psychometrics of everyday life

We examined people's ability to assess everyday life correlations such as the degree of agreement that exists for various kinds of evaluations and the degree of consistency that characterizes social behavior from occasion to occasion. We found substantial accuracy for correlation estimates if two conditions were met: (1) subjects were highly familiar with the data in question and (2) the data were highly "codable," that is, capable of being unitized and interpreted clearly. We generally found extreme inaccuracy if either of these conditions was not met. Subjects were particularly inaccurate about correlations involving social behavior: They severely overestimated the stability of behavior across occasions. In addition, even subjects who were statistically sophisticated showed limited appreciation of the aggregation principle, that is, the rule that the magnitude of a correlation increases with the number of units of evidence on which observations are based.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/26209/1/0000289.pd