Estimation of disruption risk exposure in supply chains

The purpose of the paper is to provide more knowledge on how to estimate disruption risk exposure in the supply chain by developing a conceptual estimation model. The purpose is also to shortly illustrate and discuss by help of a case the possibilities to adapt this theoretical model for use in everyday practice. The developed model, which links disruption risk to disruption source, covers all flow-related disruption risks in the total supply chain from natural resources to delivered final product, seen from the angle of an individual focal unit in the supply chain. The model classifies the risk exposure into 15 different risk exposure boxes, of which 12 have ‘expected result impact’ and three have ‘known result impact’, providing a total negative result impact. The positioning of the model against other theoretical models revealed that the developed model presents a more complete and partly new structure for estimation of disruption risk exposure

PHENIX measurement of jet properties and their modification in heavy-ion collisions

The properties of jets produced in p+p, d+Au and Au+Au collisions at sqrt{s_NN}=200 GeV are studied using the method of two particle correlations. The trigger particle is assumed to be a leading particle from a high p_T jet while the associated particle is assumed to come from either the same jet or the away jet. From the angular width and yield of the same and away side correlation peaks, the parameters characterizing the jet properties are extracted.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, contribution to the proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter, Oakland, January 11-17, 2004). To appear in the proceedings (Journal of Physics G

Hadron production in the forward and backward rapidities in dAu collisions at RHIC

We have developed new techniques to detect hadrons with the PHENIX muon spectrometers. This allows us to study the centrality dependent nuclear modification factor $R_{CP}$ with high $p_{T}$ hadrons in both forward (d direction) and backward (Au direction) rapidities, $1 < |\eta| < 2$, in dAu collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200 GeV$. Preliminary results show a suppression (enhancement) of high $p_{T}$ hadron production in central $0-20$ dAu collisions relative to the peripheral one ($60-88$ in centrality) at forward (backward) rapidity.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, Quark Matter 2004 tal

Neutral Pion Distributions in PHENIX at RHIC

Transverse momentum spectra for identified $\pi^0$'s in the range 1 GeV/c $< p_T <$ 4 GeV/c have been measured by the PHENIX experiment in Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s}=130$ GeV. The spectra from peripheral nuclear collisions are consistent with the simple expectation of scaling the spectra from p+p collisions by the average number of nucleon-nucleon binary collisions. The spectra from central collisions and the ratio of central/peripheral spectra are significantly suppressed when compared to point-like scaling.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure

Two Particle Azimuthal Correlation Measurements in PHENIX

Two particle azimuthal correlation functions are presented for charged hadrons produced in Au-Au collisions at RHIC sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV.The correlation functions indicate sizeable asymmetries and anisotropies. The trend of the asymmetries is compatible with the presence of emission patterns associated with mini-jets. The magnitude and the trend of the differential anisotropies v_2(p_T) and v_2(N_Part), provide important model constraints.Comment: 4 pages 3 fig

Results on Photon Production in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC

The status of the search for direct photons in Au+Au collisions at sqrt{s_NN} = 130 GeV and sqrt{s_NN} = 200 GeV with the PHENIX experiment is presented. Within errors, no excess of direct photons was found in a first analysis pass done on a limited data set. Significantly reduced systematic and statistical uncertainties are expected in future analyses.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Talk presented at the Quark Matter 2002 conference, Nantes, France, July 18-24, 2002. To appear in the proceedings (Nucl. Phys. A

Avoiding a Lemons Market by Including Uncertainty in the Kyoto Protocol: Same Mechanism - Improved Rules

In its current form the Kyoto Protocol does not consider the issue of uncertainty in the process of mutual recognition of emission reductions between Parties. We argue that lack of appropriate institutions that police emission reporting will lead to a disintegration of the carbon market due to competition induced quality deterioration of reporting. The introduction of a verification clause in the Protocols rules would be a first step towards avoiding disintegrative tendencies and carry the potential of improving the Protocols effectiveness. Building on a physical approach of verification times we derive an economic model of optimal emission and uncertainty reduction to reach a verifiable emission target. In such a set-up, depending on its competitive advantage, a Party can choose to reduce emissions and/or the associated uncertainties or trade verified certificates. Thus, the proposed model is intended to help prioritize efforts to reach verifiable emission reductions with least costs within a Kyoto type framework