Antimicrobial resistance among Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis from broiler carcasses in Serbia

This study aimed to investigate antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella Infantis isolates from poultry carcasses in Serbia. A total of 48 Salmonella isolates were examined for antimicrobial resistance. A panel of 10 antibiotics was selected for testing. Isolates showed resistance to sulfamethoxazole, ceftazidime and cefotaxime (100%). However, the highest number of Salmonella Infantis isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol. The usage of antibiotics in food producing animals could result in antimicrobial resistance pathogenic bacteria especially Salmonella spp. in poultry, which may be transmitted to humans through the food chain and increase risk of treatment failures

Activities of antioxidant defense enzymes in the blood of individuals with Leu144Phe mutation

Activities of cooper zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in the blood of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with Leu144Phe mutation (FALS), asimptomatic carriers with Leu144Phe mutation and controls were studied. Activity of Cu,Zn SOD was significantly lower in the FALS patients and asimptomatic carriers than in controls (p<0.001). In the FALS patients GSH-Px activity was lower (p<0.01) and activity of GR was higher (p<0.001) in comparison with controls. Canonical discriminant analyses provide statistical evidence that examined groups are different in the composition of antioxidant enzymes in blood and revealed that each component confers to observed difference. Our results suggests that oxidative stress is involved in pathogenesis of FALS and the activities of antioxidant enzymes are exposed to different kind of oxidative pressure in FALS patients, asymptomatic carriers and controls.U ovom radu ispitivana je aktivnost: bakar cink sadržavajuće superoksid dismutaze (Cu, Zn SOD), katalaze (CAT), glutation peroksidaze (GSH-Px), glutation reduktaze (GR) i glutation-S-transferaze (GST) u krvi pacijenata sa familijarnim oblikom amiotrofične lateralne skleroze (FALS) sa mutacijom Leu144Phe, asimptomskim nosiocima mutacije Leu144Phe i kontrola. Aktivnost Cu,Zn SOD je statistički značajno niža kod FALS pacijenata i asimptomskih nosioca mutacije Leu144Phe nego kod kontrola (p < 0,001). Kod FALS pacijenata aktivnost GSH-Px je niža (p < 0,01), a aktivnost GR je veća (p < 0,001) u poređenju sa kontrolnom grupom. Kanonijska diskriminantna analiza obezbeđuje statističku podršku uočene razlike u sastavu antioksidacionih zaštitnih enzima u krvi ispitivanih grupa i pokazuje nam da svaka komponenta značajno doprinosi toj razlici. Naši rezultati sugerišu da je oksidacioni stres uključen u patogenezu FALS i da su antioksidacioni zaštitni enzimi izloženi različitom oksidacionom pritisku kod FALS, asimptomskih nosioca mutacije Leu144Phe i kontrola.nul

Effect of thyroxine on glutathione-dependent antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione content in the interscapular brown adipose tissue of different maturated rats

Effect of thyroxine on glutathione-dependent antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione (GSH) content in the interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) of different aged rats were studied. Male Mill Hill hybrid hooded rats aged 15, 45 and 75 days were treated with L-thyroxine, T4 (40 mg/100 g body mass), s.c., one dose per day, 14 days (finally aged 30, 60 and 90 days, respectively). Effect of T4 on GSH-dependent antioxidant enzyme activities in the IBAT differs with respect to age. T4 treatment gradually decrease activities of all GSH-dependent antioxidant enzymes in 60 and 90 days old rats in comparison to young ones. GSH content in animals of 30 and 60 days old rats are lower in comparison with 90 days old rats, but the effects are oppposite. L-thyroxine treatment significantly increase GSH content in 30 days old rats (p<0.001) in respect with coresponding controls, while decrease in 60 and 90 days old animals were detected (p<0.01). Different response of non-mature rats to thyroxine comparing to older rats could be attributed to the difference in thyroxine metabolism and developmental phase of regulatory physiological systems maturation including antioxidative.Ispitivan je efekat tiroksina na aktivnost antioksidacionih glutation-zavisnih enzima i količ inu glutationa (GSH) u interskapularnom mrkom masnom tkivu (IBAT) pacova različite starosti. Mužjaci Mill Hill hybrid hooded pacova starih 15, 45 i 75 dana tretirani su sa L-tiroksinom, T4 (40 mg/100 g telesne mase), s.c., jedna doza dnevno, tokom 14 dana (do finalne starosti 30, 60 i 90 dana). Efekat T4 na aktivnost GSH-zavisnih antioksidacionih enzima u IBAT-u se razlikuje u odnosu na starost.Tretman sa T4 smanjuje aktivnost svih GSH-zavisnih antioksidacionih enzima kod pacova 60 i 90 dana starosti u poređenju sa mladim jedinkama. Količina GSH kod životinja starih 30 i 60 dana je niža u poređenju sa pacovima starih 90 dana. Tretman tiroksinom značajno povećava količinu GSH kod pacova starih 30 dana (p<0,001) u odnosu na odgovarajuće kontrole, dok kod pacova starosti 60 i 90 dana izaziva smanjenje (p<0,01). Različit odgovor ne-maturiranih pacova na tiroksin u odnosu na maturirane životinje može se pripisati razlikama u metabolizmu tiroksina i razvojnoj fazi regulatornih fizioloških sistema uključujući i antioksidacioni.nul

Activities of antioxidant defense enzymes in the blood of individuals with Leu144Phe mutation

Activities of cooper zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in the blood of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with Leu144Phe mutation (FALS), asimptomatic carriers with Leu144Phe mutation and controls were studied. Activity of Cu,Zn SOD was significantly lower in the FALS patients and asimptomatic carriers than in controls (p<0.001). In the FALS patients GSH-Px activity was lower (p<0.01) and activity of GR was higher (p<0.001) in comparison with controls. Canonical discriminant analyses provide statistical evidence that examined groups are different in the composition of antioxidant enzymes in blood and revealed that each component confers to observed difference. Our results suggests that oxidative stress is involved in pathogenesis of FALS and the activities of antioxidant enzymes are exposed to different kind of oxidative pressure in FALS patients, asymptomatic carriers and controls.U ovom radu ispitivana je aktivnost: bakar cink sadržavajuće superoksid dismutaze (Cu, Zn SOD), katalaze (CAT), glutation peroksidaze (GSH-Px), glutation reduktaze (GR) i glutation-S-transferaze (GST) u krvi pacijenata sa familijarnim oblikom amiotrofične lateralne skleroze (FALS) sa mutacijom Leu144Phe, asimptomskim nosiocima mutacije Leu144Phe i kontrola. Aktivnost Cu,Zn SOD je statistički značajno niža kod FALS pacijenata i asimptomskih nosioca mutacije Leu144Phe nego kod kontrola (p < 0,001). Kod FALS pacijenata aktivnost GSH-Px je niža (p < 0,01), a aktivnost GR je veća (p < 0,001) u poređenju sa kontrolnom grupom. Kanonijska diskriminantna analiza obezbeđuje statističku podršku uočene razlike u sastavu antioksidacionih zaštitnih enzima u krvi ispitivanih grupa i pokazuje nam da svaka komponenta značajno doprinosi toj razlici. Naši rezultati sugerišu da je oksidacioni stres uključen u patogenezu FALS i da su antioksidacioni zaštitni enzimi izloženi različitom oksidacionom pritisku kod FALS, asimptomskih nosioca mutacije Leu144Phe i kontrola.nul

Effect of thyroxine on glutathione-dependent antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione content in the interscapular brown adipose tissue of different maturated rats

Effect of thyroxine on glutathione-dependent antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione (GSH) content in the interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) of different aged rats were studied. Male Mill Hill hybrid hooded rats aged 15, 45 and 75 days were treated with L-thyroxine, T4 (40 mg/100 g body mass), s.c., one dose per day, 14 days (finally aged 30, 60 and 90 days, respectively). Effect of T4 on GSH-dependent antioxidant enzyme activities in the IBAT differs with respect to age. T4 treatment gradually decrease activities of all GSH-dependent antioxidant enzymes in 60 and 90 days old rats in comparison to young ones. GSH content in animals of 30 and 60 days old rats are lower in comparison with 90 days old rats, but the effects are oppposite. L-thyroxine treatment significantly increase GSH content in 30 days old rats (p<0.001) in respect with coresponding controls, while decrease in 60 and 90 days old animals were detected (p<0.01). Different response of non-mature rats to thyroxine comparing to older rats could be attributed to the difference in thyroxine metabolism and developmental phase of regulatory physiological systems maturation including antioxidative.Ispitivan je efekat tiroksina na aktivnost antioksidacionih glutation-zavisnih enzima i količ inu glutationa (GSH) u interskapularnom mrkom masnom tkivu (IBAT) pacova različite starosti. Mužjaci Mill Hill hybrid hooded pacova starih 15, 45 i 75 dana tretirani su sa L-tiroksinom, T4 (40 mg/100 g telesne mase), s.c., jedna doza dnevno, tokom 14 dana (do finalne starosti 30, 60 i 90 dana). Efekat T4 na aktivnost GSH-zavisnih antioksidacionih enzima u IBAT-u se razlikuje u odnosu na starost.Tretman sa T4 smanjuje aktivnost svih GSH-zavisnih antioksidacionih enzima kod pacova 60 i 90 dana starosti u poređenju sa mladim jedinkama. Količina GSH kod životinja starih 30 i 60 dana je niža u poređenju sa pacovima starih 90 dana. Tretman tiroksinom značajno povećava količinu GSH kod pacova starih 30 dana (p<0,001) u odnosu na odgovarajuće kontrole, dok kod pacova starosti 60 i 90 dana izaziva smanjenje (p<0,01). Različit odgovor ne-maturiranih pacova na tiroksin u odnosu na maturirane životinje može se pripisati razlikama u metabolizmu tiroksina i razvojnoj fazi regulatornih fizioloških sistema uključujući i antioksidacioni.nul

Antioxidative defense enzyme inhibition in erythrocytes of patients with acute myocardial infarction

Increased amount of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species were detected during myocardial ischemia after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Decreased activity of some antioxidative defense enzymes in erythrocytes creates conditions for oxidative stress and propagation of thus induced damages. In this study, we tried to detect changes in antioxidative defense enzyme activities in erythrocytes of patients with AMI and to determine a nature of this changes. Activity of copper zinc super oxide dismutase (CuZn SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px, EC 1.11.1.9) and glutathione reductase (GR, EC 2.5.1.18) were determined in AMI patiens and compared with controls. Activities of CuZn SOD (p<0.005) and CAT (p<0.05), as well as, GSH-Px (p<0.02) were significantly lower comparing with controls. Activity of GR was significantly higher (p<0.005) with respect to controls. Activity of CuZn SOD in patients with AMI were more inhibited (47 ± 5 %) with 6 mM diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) than corresponding controls (32 ± 3 %). In vitro inhibition of control samples with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and electrophoretic analysis indicate H2O2 as potential inhibitor of CuZn SOD in patient with AMI.Povećana količina reaktivnih vrsta kiseonika i azota i snižena aktivnost prirodnih odbrambenih sistema detektovana je tokom srčane ishemije. Enzimske komponente antioksidacione zaštite u eritrocitima smanjuju aktivnost stvarajući uslove za propagaciju oštećenja izazvanih oksidacionim stresom. U ovom radu, pokušali smo da detektujemo promene u aktivnosti antioksidacionih enzima u eritrocitima pacijenata obolelih od AIM-a i utvrdimo prirodu promena. Određivana je aktivnost bakar cink sadržavajuće superoksid dismutaze (CuZn SOD), katalaze (CAT), glutation peroksidaze (GSH-Px) i glutation reduktaze (GR) kod pacijenata obolelih od AIM-a i upoređivana sa aktivnošću kod kontrola. Aktivnosti SOD (p<0.005) i CAT (p<0.05), kao i GSH-Px (p<0.02) bile su značajno niže u odnosu na kontrole. Aktivnost GR (p<0.005) bila je značajno viša u odnosu na kontrolu. Aktivnost CuZn SOD bila je inhibirana 6 mM dietilditiokarbamatom (DDC-om) više kod pacijenata obolelih od akutnog infarkta miokarda (47 ± 5 %) nego kod kontrola (32 ± 3 %). In vitro inhibicija kontrolnih uzoraka sa vodonik peroksidom i elektroforetska analiza ukazuju na vodonik peroksid kao mogući inhibitor CuZn SOD kod AIM-a.nul

Effect of thyroxine on antioxidant defense enzyme activities and glutathione content in brain of different maturated rats

Effect of thyroxine on antioxidant enzyme activities and GSH content in brain (cortex and rest of the brain) of different maturated rats were studied. Male Mill Hill hybrid hooded rats aged 15, 45 and 75 days were treated with L-thyroxine, T4 (40 μg/100 g body mass), s.c, one dose per day, 14 days (finally aged 30, 60 and 90 days, respectively). Effect of T4 on antioxidant defense (AD) enzyme activities and GSH content in brain differs with respect to age. T4 treatment decrease activities of Mn SOD and CuZn SOD in the rest of the brain of 60 days old rats in comparison to controls and CAT activity in cortex of 30 and 60 day old rats. GSH-Px activity in cortex of 90 days old rats was decreased in T4 treated group in respect to controls, while activity remains unchanged in 30 and 60 day old rats. The activity of GSH-Px in the rest of the brain was unaffected by the treatment in all groups. GSH content in cortex of animals of 30 and 60 days old rats were higher in comparison with corresponding controls, while in 90 days old rats effects were opposite. L- thyroxine treatment significantly decrease GSH content in rest of the brain of 30 days old rats in respect with corresponding controls, while in 60 and 90 days old animals such changes were not detected.U ovom radu ispitivan je efekat tiroksina na aktivnost antioksidacionih zaštitnih enzima i količinu glutatationa (GSH) u mozgu (moždana kora i ostatak mozga) pacova različite starosti. Mužjaci pacova soja Mili Hill hybrid hooded starosti 15, 45 and 75 dana tretirani su sa L-tiroksinom, T4 (40 μg/100 g telesne mase), s.c, jedna doza dnevno, 14 dana (do finalne starosti 30, 60 i 90 dana). Efekat T4 na aktivnost antioksidacionih zaštitnih enzima i količinu GSH u mozgu razlikuje se sa starošću pacova. Tretman sa T4 smanjuje aktivnost Mn SOD i CuZn SOD u ostatku mozga pacova starih 60 dana u poređenju sa kontrolama i aktivnost CAT u moždanoj kori pacova starih 30 i 60 dana. GSH-Px aktivnost u moždanoj kori pacova starih 90 dana je smanjena kod pacova tretiranih sa T4 u odnosu na kontrole, dok je aktivnost nepromenjena kod pacova starih 30 i 60 dana. Aktivnost GSH-Px u moždanoj kori pacova je nepromenjena u svim ispitivanim grupama. Količina GSH u moždanoj kori pacova starih 30 i 60 dana je povećana u poređenju sa kontrolama, dok je kod pacova starih 90 dana smanjena. Tretman sa L-tiroksinom značajno smanjuje količinu GSH u ostatku mozga pacova starih 30 dana u poređenju sa kontrolama, dok kod pacova starosti 60 i 90 dana promene nisu detektovane.nul

Supplementary data for the article: Mancic, L.; Djukic-Vukovic, A.; Dinic, I.; Nikolic, M. G.; Rabasovic, M. D.; Krmpot, A. J.; Costa, A. M. L. M.; Marinkovic, B. A.; Mojovic, L.; Milosevic, O. One-Step Synthesis of Amino-Functionalized up-Converting NaYF 4 :Yb,Er Nanoparticles for: In Vitro Cell Imaging. RSC Advances 2018, 8 (48), 27429–27437. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ra04178d

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ra04178d]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2225

The effect of diethyldithicarbarnate on antioxidant enzyme activities in the blood of rats

Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) exhibits a variety of effects including neurotoxic, radio-protective and sensitizing activity. It is a potent copper chelating agent used for the treatment of oxygen toxicity, as an imunomodulator in cancer therapy, as well as in HIV infected patients. In this study we examined the effect of DDC, a superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibitor, on the activities of copper-zinc containing superoxide dismutase (CuZn SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). Three hours after diethyldithiocar-bamate treatment (1 g/kg b.m, i.p) a significant decrease of SOD and increase of GR and GST activities were found in the blood of rats. A negative correlation between SOD and GR and a positive correlation between GR and GST activities were also obtained. DDC induced a concentration dependent increase of GR activity and NADPH consumption in an enzymatic assay in vitro. The obtained results may be interpreted to indicate that a decrease in SOD activity in the blood of rats, after DDC administration, may be compensated for by changes in the activity of some other compounds suggesting that regulation of antioxidative defence is very complex.Dietilditiokarbamat (DDC) ispoljava različite uticaje kao što su neurotoksičnost, radioprotekcija i senzibilizacja. On je snažan helirajući agens za bakar i koristi se u tretiranju kiseonične toksičnosti imunomodulaciji kao i kod pacijenata zaraženih HIV virusom. U ovom radu smo proučavali uticaj DDC, inhibitora superoksid dismutaze (SOD), na aktivnost bakar cink sadržavajuće superoksid dismutaze (CuZn SOD), katalaze (CAT) glutation peroksidaze (GSH-Px), glutation reduktaze (GR) i glutation-S-transferaze (GST).Tretiranje pacova dietilditiokarbamatom u trajanju od tri časa (1g/kgt.m, i.p) dovodi do značajnogsmanjenja aktivnosti CuZn SOD i povećanja aktivnosti GR i GST u krvi pacova. Takodje je dobijena negativna korelacija izmedju SOD i GR aktivnosti. DDC indukuje povećanje GR aktivnosti koje je koncentraciono zavisno kao i NADPH potrošnju u in vitro enzimatskom eseju. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na činjenicu da smanjivanje aktivnosti SOD u krvi pacova posle tretiranja DDCom može biti kompenzovano promenom aktivnosti drugih komponenti što dalje sugeriše da je regulacija antioksidacione zaštite veoma kompleksna.nul

Influence of Radiation Dose in Computed Tomography on Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Rabbit Erythrocytes

The objective of this study was to assess the radiation dose in computed tomography examinations of rabbits using different examination protocols and to correlate these values with the activity of antioxidant enzymes in their red blood cells following irradiation. The presented results revealed that a single, routine computed tomography scan exposure led to a different response of the activity of antioxidant enzymes in red blood cells regarding both dose and time. The results indicate that there is a dose threshold that is about 25 mGy. Doses below that level do not produce any significant changes in the level of antioxidant enzymes activity. On the other hand, the level just above that threshold had a significant impact on the antioxidant defence, but in a relatively short time period (2 hours after exposure), compared to the higher dose that requires a longer adaptive period