Association between socio-demographic factors and diabetes mellitus in the north of Iran: A population-based study

Objective: This study considers the prevalence of DM and some related factors among adults in the Golestan province (north of Iran) in 2006. Methods: This is a Cross-sectional-Descriptive and population-based study, carried out among 1999 cases (1000 men and 999 women) between 25 and 65 years old. Participants were chosen by cluster and stratified sampling in urban and rural areas. Data on socio-demographic factors were collected using questionnaire, and anthropometric and biochemical indexes were measured. Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) equal to or over 126 mg/dl was classified as type 2 DM. Results: Mean of age was 39.2 years and mean ± SD of FBS among men and women was 94.51 ± 32.91 and 98.2 ± 40.1 mg/dl, respectively. Prevalence of DM was 8.3% [(men = 6.8% and women = 9.7%), (urban = 10.5% and villages = 6.4%)]. Twenty-five percent of patients were undiagnosed as whole, 43% of patients were unaware of their problem, in men more than in women (48.5% versus 39.2%) and in rural area more than in urban area (35.1% versus 54.4%). We showed a positive and significant correlation between FBS and age, waist circumference and BMI (P = 0.01). Conclusion: DM was the one of the biggest health problems in the north of Iran, and half of them were unaware of their morbidity. DM was influenced by socio-demographic factors. © 2010 International Journal of Diabetes Mellitus. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Plasma total cholesterol level and some related factors in northern Iranian people

Background: In middle age people, hypercholesterolemia (HC) has been included as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Objectives: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HC and some related factors in the north of Iran. Materials and Methods: This was a population-based cross-sectional study that enrolled 1995 subjects (997 males and 998 females) in 25-65 year age using stratified cluster sampling. Interviewers recorded the data using a multidimensional questionnaire including anthropometric indexes. Plasma cholesterol was measured in the morning after a 12-hour fast and determined by an auto-analyzer. HC was defined by a total plasma total cholesterol level over 200 mg/dl. The SPSS.16 software was used to analyze data. Results: The mean age of the participant was 44.2 years and mean ± SD plasma total cholesterol level in men and women was 196.7 ± 39.11 and 209.4 ± 42.9, respectively. Generally, the prevalence of HC was 50.4% with a significant differences between men (44.7%) and women (57%) (P < 0.05). The mean plasma total cholesterol levels were significantly differenced among age groups, location area, BMI, and waist circumferences (P < 0.001). Women gender (OR = 1.64), 55-65 years old (OR = 2.79), BMI ≥40 kg/m 2 (OR = 10.0), and abdominal obesity (OR = 2.47) were associated with increased risk of HC (P = 0.001 and 95%CI for all). Conclusion: HC is one of the most health problems in the northern Iran and it is more common in women than in men. General and abdominal obesity are the most common risk factors for HC

Hypercholesterolemia in the north of Iran (South east of Caspian Sea): Prevalence and associated factors

Objective This study aimed to assess the hypercholesterolemia (HC) and some sociodemographic factors related on it in adults people in the north of Iran during three months in 2006. Methods This is a crossec-tional-descriptive study based on the population and 1995 cases (997 men and 998 women) between 25-65 years old, were selected by cluster and stratify sampling in the north of Iran. We interviewed all of the cases and deter -mined anthropometric and biochemical indexes. Plasma cholesterol and glucose measured in the morning after an 12-hour fast. Cholesterol and fasting blood glucose (FBS) were determined using laboratory kits (enzymatic methods),and spectrophotometery technique. The SPSS. 15 software analyzed data. HC was defined by a serum choles-terol level over 200 mg/dl. Results Mean of the age was 39. 2 year old and mean ±SD of serum cholesterol in men and women was 196. 7±39. 11 and 209. 4±42. 9, respectively. Prevalence of HC was significantly differenced between men (44. 7%) and women (57%),(P <0. 05) and the mean of serum cholesterol significantly differenced among age groups, residential area, physical activity level, BMI level and central obesity, separately (P < 0. 001). Weekly consumption of fresh fruits, vegetables and fish were 4.84,3.65 and 2 times, respectively. Vegetable and fish were consumed in HC group more than non -HC group. Conclusion HC is one of the most health problems in the north of Iran and it is more in women than men. Life style and food behavior are the more common risk factors for it. Thereby modify of social behavior and diet can be decline incidence of cardiovascular disease