Isolated multiple cutaneous verruciform xanthomas

Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is a rare benign skin condition, primarily of the oral mucosa that can also affect the skin and genital mucosa. The etiology is not yet completely understood; though its association with conditions of chronic inflammation or trauma, chronic lymphedema, chronic graft versus host disease and CHILD syndrome are mentioned in the literature. Here, we report the case of multiple verruciform xanthomas on the bilateral forearms and upper back of a 25-year-old man in the absence of chronic skin disease or systemic disease and surprisingly, he didn’t have mucosal VX too. Histopathology of the lesion showed nodular dense infiltrate of foamy macrophages in the papillary dermis which stained positive for CD68

Clinico-histopathological correlation for diagnosis of lichenoid interface dermatoses

Context: Lichenoid interface dermatitis refers to the histological pattern which is useful for the classification and diagnosis of disorders of a particular group in dermatology with peculiar features. Aims: To get clinico pathological correlation in lichenoid interface dermatitis which will help in accurate diagnosis by analyzing history, clinical examination as well as histological details of nature and extent of epidermal, interface and dermal changes and the distribution of various inflammatory cell infiltrates. Methods: After appropriate case selection according to the inclusion criteria, the biopsy was taken and sent for histopathological analysis. It was reviewed and correlation was done in each patient. Statistical analysis used: kappa correlation analysis. Results: Out of total 117 cases, 108 were of lichen planus, five were of lichen striatus, two of lichenoid drug eruptions and two of lichen nitidus. Clinico-pathological correlation was present in 70.94% of cases of lichenoid interface dermatitis. Correlation was seen in 100% cases of lichen striatus, and 78% cases of lichen planus. Conclusions: The most consistent findings in histology in our study were basement membrane degeneration, band like lymphocytic infiltrates and melanin incontinence. Other findings such as hypergranulosis, civatte bodies were not observed frequently

Correlation of serum adiponectin and leptin levels in obesity and Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Introduction: Indian phenotype includes higher waist circumference despite lower body mass index, thereby making Indians more prone to diabetes and its complications. Aim: The present study aimed to analyze the serum levels of adiponectin and leptin in the participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity and their correlation with hypertension and dyslipidemia. Materials and Methods: In the study, 50 diabetics and 50 controls aged between 40 and 60 years were included in the study. Results: Adiponectin levels were significantly higher in diabetics than in nondiabetic participants irrespective of gender (P ≤ 0.04 in males, P ≤ 0.02 in females). Leptin levels were significantly higher in diabetics compared to nondiabetics (P ≤ 0.001) in both males and females. Conclusion: Adiponectin and leptin levels may be used as important clinical markers for T2DM and obesity