Capital Adequacy Regime in India: An Overview

In this paper we present an analytical review of the capital adequacy regime and the present state of capital to risk-weighted asset ratio (CRAR) of the banking sector in India. In the current regime of Basel I, Indian banking system is performing reasonably well, with an average CRAR of about 12 per cent, which is higher than the internationally accepted level of 8 per cent as well as India's own minimum regulatory requirement of 9 per cent. As the revised capital adequacy norms, Basel II, are being implemented from March 2008, several issues emerge. We examine these issues from the Indian perspective.Capital Adequacy Ratio, Basel I, Basel II, Reserve Bank of India, SMEs lending

Capital Adequacy Regime in India - An Overview

In this paper we present an analytical review of the capital adequacy regime and the present state of capital to risk-weighted asset ratio (CRAR) of the banking sector in India. In the current regime of Basel I, Indian banking system is performing reasonably well, with an average CRAR of about 12 per cent, which is higher than the internationally accepted level of 8 per cent as well as Indias own minimum regulatory requirement of 9 per cent. As the revised capital adequacy norms, Basel II, are being implemented from March 2008, several issues emerge. We examine these issues from the Indian perspective.Capital Adequacy Ratio, Basel I, Basel II, Reserve Bank of India, SMEs lending

ヘリコバクターピロリ未感染胃に発生するCDH1変異粘膜内印環細胞癌は進行が遅い特徴を持つ

京都大学新制・論文博士博士(医学)乙第13442号論医博第2241号新制||医||1054(附属図書館)京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻(主査)教授 羽賀 博典, 教授 藤田 恭之, 教授 伊藤 貴浩学位規則第4条第2項該当Doctor of Medical ScienceKyoto UniversityDFA

Molecular mechanism of MBX2319 inhibition of Escherichia coli AcrB multidrug efflux pump and comparison with other inhibitors

Efflux pumps of the resistance nodulation division (RND) superfamily, such as AcrB, make a major contribution to multidrug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. The development of inhibitors of the RND pumps would improve the efficacy of current and next-generation antibiotics. To date, however, only one inhibitor has been cocrystallized with AcrB. Thus, in silico struc- ture-based analysis is essential for elucidating the interaction between other inhibitors and the efflux pumps. In this work, we used computer docking and molecular dynamics simulations to study the interaction between AcrB and the compound MBX2319, a novel pyranopyridine efflux pump inhibitor with potent activity against RND efflux pumps of Enterobacteriaceae species, as well as other known inhibitors (D13-9001, 1-[1-naphthylmethyl]-piperazine, and phenylalanylarginine-ß-naphthyl-amide) and the binding of doxorubicin to the efflux-defective F610A variant of AcrB. We also analyzed the binding of a sub- strate, minocycline, for comparison. Our results show that MBX2319 binds very tightly to the lower part of the distal pocket in the B protomer of AcrB, strongly interacting with the phenylalanines lining the hydrophobic trap, where the hydrophobic por- tion of D13-9001 was found to bind by X-ray crystallography. Additionally, MBX2319 binds to AcrB in a manner that is similar to the way in which doxorubicin binds to the F610A variant of AcrB. In contrast, 1-(1-naphthylmethyl)-piperazine and phenylalanylarginine-ß-naphthylamide appear to bind to somewhat different areas of the distal pocket in the B protomer of AcrB than does MBX2319. However, all inhibitors (except D13-9001) appear to distort the structure of the distal pocket, impairing the proper binding of substrates

Husimi coordinates of multipartite separable states

A parametrization of multipartite separable states in a finite-dimensional Hilbert space is suggested. It is proved to be a diffeomorphism between the set of zero-trace operators and the interior of the set of separable density operators. The result is applicable to any tensor product decomposition of the state space. An analytical criterion for separability of density operators is established in terms of the boundedness of a sequence of operators.Comment: 19 pages, 1 figure, LaTe

Fine-Structure Map of the Histidine Transport Genes in \u3cem\u3eSalmonella typhimurium\u3c/em\u3e

Afine-structure genetic map of the histidine transport region of the Salmonella typhimurium chromosome was constructed. Twenty-five deletion mutants were isolated and used for dividing the hisJ and hisP genes into 8 and 13 regions respectively. A total of 308 mutations, spontaneous and mutagen induced, have been placed in these regions by deletion mapping. The histidine transport operon is presumed to be constituted of genes dhuA, hisJ, and hisP, and the regulation of the hosP and hisJ genes by dhuA is discussed. The orientation of this operon relative to purF has been established by three-point crosses as being: purF duhA hisJ hisP

On "Daxiong Baodian (大雄宝殿)

Buddhist temples of Mainland China，main hall is called "Daxiong Baodian (大雄宝殿)". But in Japan called "Butsu-den (仏殿)" or "Hong-den (本殿)", in Korea called "Dae wung jeon (大雄殿)". According to my understanding, "Daxiong Baodian" began to be used from the time of the Ming Dynasty. Reference to some cases, I consider name of main halls of Buddhist temples.東アジアの思想と構造文部科学省グローバルCOEプログラム 関西大学文化交渉学教育研究拠