Household Food Security and Socio-demographic Dynamics at Twaloloka Unofficial Community, Walvis Bay, Namibia

The aim of this study was to assess household food security and coexisting socio-demographic factors at Twaloloka, also known as Otweya community in Walvis Bay, Namibia. Namibia, being perceived by the international communities as an upper middle-income country is one of the countries with high level of inequalities in the world, which experiences the alarming proliferation of unofficial suburbs with concomitant food challenges. The study adopts cross-sectional research design using structured self- administered questionnaire for data collection. Sampling technique followed random selection process as constrained by prevailing mistrust and skepticism expressed by a spectrum of members of the community. Social-demographic result revealed gender distribution of 72.8% female and 27.2% male, 85.2% of respondents were between the ages of 18 and 39, 91.4% were unmarried with a combined 79% attaining primary and secondary educational levels. About 40.7% were unemployed while 61.7% constitutes 5-8 inhabitants per dwelling. In terms of food security status, 19.1% were food secured while 68.9% experienced food insecurity with no significant association (p = 022; 95%CI) in relation to prevailing factors. The study revealed gross food insecurity within the community and reflected endemic socio-economic challenges as depicted by very low-income, educational and employment status. Provision of low cost and subsidized residential infrastructure by the government is highly recommended. Keywords: Household, Food security, Socio-demographic, Community DOI: 10.7176/JPID/62-05 Publication date:November 30th 2023

Effectiveness and impact of Covid-19 response and vaccination challenges in Namibia: a systematic review

Introduction: Namibia, like several countries globally, is currently grappling with the severe repercussions of the Covid-19 pandemic on its economy, psycho-social connections, and overall public well-being. These nations have implemented multiple steps to mitigate the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome. Namibia implemented measures to mitigate the transmission and mortality caused by the virus. The nature and execution tactics of Public Health regulations significantly affect the prevention of the spread and reduction of mortality caused by the virus. Objective: This article provides a comprehensive analysis on the efficacy and consequences of Public Health measures implemented by the Health Authority to mitigate the spread of covid-19 among the general population. Method: The review employed the elements of the PRISMA technique to synthesize data on a specific area of focus. We utilized several resources, including Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, World Health Organization, and the Ministry of Health and Social Services of Namibia (MoHSS), to gather comprehensive information on covid-19. Observation: The country experienced a consistent rise in Covid-19 cases, with an average daily increase of eleven (11) infections, until June 2021. The highest rate was associated with densely inhabited areas of Erongo and Khomas. The control methods implemented for infection prevention and vaccination campaign were largely ineffectual due to widespread misunderstanding. Conclusion: To effectively limit the spread of the virus and save lives, it is necessary to adopt a new approach that involves improved communication and engagement with the local population