Finding Their Way: An Information Resource Guide for New Refugees in Southern Nevada

Catholic Charities of Southern Nevada (CCSN) is a nonprofit socialservices provider that serves individuals and families in need in the LasVegas area, including over 3,000 refugees each year. Last year, three MLISstudents from the University of Washington reached out to this organizationand helped to identify an information need for new refugees. Although localcity information for refugees is freely available online, this deliverymethod is not beneficial to individuals with limited English languageproficiency or low digital literacy. In partnership with CCSN, we created aphysical informational resource guide for refugees located in SouthernNevada, which can be updated and translated by resettlement organizationsacross the country

Characterizing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with the slip induction task

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is marked by increased distractibility and inhibitory deficits. This study sought to understand how individuals diagnosed with ADHD respond when required to inhibit a routine in response to unexpected stimuli. Ten young adults diagnosed with adult ADHD and ten controls completed the Slip Induction Task (SIT), a measure of attention and inhibition during a routine. The SIT involves participants repeatedly responding to a series of arrow cues, and then later adjusting their routine in response to unexpected stimuli. The findings of this study suggest that those with ADHD do not respond less accurately to novel stimuli within a routine. The data also indicate that when adults diagnosed with ADHD do respond correctly to novel stimuli, they do so more quickly than controls. This could imply that those with adult ADHD may be able to more quickly disengage a usual response pattern i f a novel stimulus requires attention

EDUKASI JAJANAN SEHAT DAN PRAKTIK PEMBUATAN ICE CREAM SEHAT RENDAH GULA

Sebanyak lebih dari 78% anak-anak di Indonesia memiliki kebiasaan jajan terutama pada kalangan anak yang duduk di bangku Sekolah Dasar (SD). Menurut data BPOM Surabaya ditemukan sebesar 22% jajanan sekolah tidak aman untuk dikonsumsi. Jajanan ini dapat menjadi penyebab awal munculnya berbagai penyakit pada anak. Jajanan di lingkungan sekolah memegang peranan penting untuk mengontrol kesehatan anak-anak. Kegiatan edukasi perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan anak-anak sehingga diharapkan dapat menerapkannya dengan baik dalam hal memilih jajanan yang sehat. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan anak-anak sekolah dan mengetahui peningkatan pengetahuan anak-anak sekolah terhadap jajanan sehat dan batasan gula – garam yang harus dikonsumsi dalam sehari. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan metode sosialisasi berupa edukasi jajanan sehat dan batasan gula – garam melalui pengerjaan pre-test dan post-test disertai dengan kegiatan pembuatan ice cream rendah gula yang terangkum dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat. Kegiatan edukasi dilakukan pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri Gonilan 02, Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah. Kata kunci: Jajanan sehat, anak sekolah, edukasi ABSTRACT More than 78% of children in Indonesia have a habit of snacking, especially among children who are in elementary school. According to BPOM Surabaya data, 22% of school snacks are not safe for consumption.More than 78% of children in Indonesia have a habit of snacking, especially among children who are in elementary school. According to BPOM Surabaya data, 22% of school snacks are not safe for consumption. These snacks can be the initial cause of various diseases in children. Snacks in the school environment play an important role in controlling children's health. Educational activities need to be carried out to increase children's knowledge so that they are expected to apply it well in terms of choosing healthy snacks. The purpose of this activity is to increase the knowledge of school children and determine the increase in school children's knowledge of healthy snacks and the limit of sugar - salt that should be consumed in a day. The activity was carried out with a counseling method in the form of healthy snacks education and sugar-salt limits through pre-test and post-test work accompanied by low-sugar ice cream making activities which were summarized in community service activities. Educational activities were carried out at Gonilan 02 State Elementary School, Sukoharjo, Central Java. Keywords: healthy snack,elementary school, nutrition educatio

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dengan Pendekatan Interprofessional Collaboration

Interprofessional collaboration and interprofessional education in Beji Village, Pandanarum, Banjarnegara, are part of community service and interdisciplinary education. They focus on leveraging interprofessional collaboration to enhance community health services. Over 25 days, a systematic approach was applied to address local health issues, fostering community empowerment through the strengthening of health services. Key activities included health assessments across various domains such as physical environment, health services, and social aspects, with targeted interventions designed to improve waste management and community health literacy, particularly regarding non-communicable diseases. The program aims to empower communities, enhance cross-disciplinary collaborative skills, and contribute to the transformation of health systems through innovative community engagement.Abstract: Interprofessional collaboration and interprofessional education in Beji Village, Pandanarum, Banjarnegara, are part of community service and interdisciplinary education. They focus on leveraging interprofessional collaboration to enhance community health services. Over 25 days, a systematic approach was applied to address local health issues, fostering community empowerment through the strengthening of health services. Key activities included health assessments across various domains such as physical environment, health services, and social aspects, with targeted interventions designed to improve waste management and community health literacy, particularly regarding non-communicable diseases. The program aims to empower communities, enhance cross-disciplinary collaborative skills, and contribute to the transformation of health systems through innovative community engagement

Global Retinoblastoma Presentation and Analysis by National Income Level.

Importance: Early diagnosis of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer, can save both a child's life and vision. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that many children across the world are diagnosed late. To our knowledge, the clinical presentation of retinoblastoma has never been assessed on a global scale. Objectives: To report the retinoblastoma stage at diagnosis in patients across the world during a single year, to investigate associations between clinical variables and national income level, and to investigate risk factors for advanced disease at diagnosis. Design, Setting, and Participants: A total of 278 retinoblastoma treatment centers were recruited from June 2017 through December 2018 to participate in a cross-sectional analysis of treatment-naive patients with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed in 2017. Main Outcomes and Measures: Age at presentation, proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, and tumor stage and metastasis. Results: The cohort included 4351 new patients from 153 countries; the median age at diagnosis was 30.5 (interquartile range, 18.3-45.9) months, and 1976 patients (45.4%) were female. Most patients (n = 3685 [84.7%]) were from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Globally, the most common indication for referral was leukocoria (n = 2638 [62.8%]), followed by strabismus (n = 429 [10.2%]) and proptosis (n = 309 [7.4%]). Patients from high-income countries (HICs) were diagnosed at a median age of 14.1 months, with 656 of 666 (98.5%) patients having intraocular retinoblastoma and 2 (0.3%) having metastasis. Patients from low-income countries were diagnosed at a median age of 30.5 months, with 256 of 521 (49.1%) having extraocular retinoblastoma and 94 of 498 (18.9%) having metastasis. Lower national income level was associated with older presentation age, higher proportion of locally advanced disease and distant metastasis, and smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma. Advanced disease at diagnosis was more common in LMICs even after adjusting for age (odds ratio for low-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 17.92 [95% CI, 12.94-24.80], and for lower-middle-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 5.74 [95% CI, 4.30-7.68]). Conclusions and Relevance: This study is estimated to have included more than half of all new retinoblastoma cases worldwide in 2017. Children from LMICs, where the main global retinoblastoma burden lies, presented at an older age with more advanced disease and demonstrated a smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, likely because many do not reach a childbearing age. Given that retinoblastoma is curable, these data are concerning and mandate intervention at national and international levels. Further studies are needed to investigate factors, other than age at presentation, that may be associated with advanced disease in LMICs

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

The global retinoblastoma outcome study : a prospective, cluster-based analysis of 4064 patients from 149 countries

DATA SHARING : The study data will become available online once all analyses are complete.BACKGROUND : Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular cancer worldwide. There is some evidence to suggest that major differences exist in treatment outcomes for children with retinoblastoma from different regions, but these differences have not been assessed on a global scale. We aimed to report 3-year outcomes for children with retinoblastoma globally and to investigate factors associated with survival. METHODS : We did a prospective cluster-based analysis of treatment-naive patients with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed between Jan 1, 2017, and Dec 31, 2017, then treated and followed up for 3 years. Patients were recruited from 260 specialised treatment centres worldwide. Data were obtained from participating centres on primary and additional treatments, duration of follow-up, metastasis, eye globe salvage, and survival outcome. We analysed time to death and time to enucleation with Cox regression models. FINDINGS : The cohort included 4064 children from 149 countries. The median age at diagnosis was 23·2 months (IQR 11·0–36·5). Extraocular tumour spread (cT4 of the cTNMH classification) at diagnosis was reported in five (0·8%) of 636 children from high-income countries, 55 (5·4%) of 1027 children from upper-middle-income countries, 342 (19·7%) of 1738 children from lower-middle-income countries, and 196 (42·9%) of 457 children from low-income countries. Enucleation surgery was available for all children and intravenous chemotherapy was available for 4014 (98·8%) of 4064 children. The 3-year survival rate was 99·5% (95% CI 98·8–100·0) for children from high-income countries, 91·2% (89·5–93·0) for children from upper-middle-income countries, 80·3% (78·3–82·3) for children from lower-middle-income countries, and 57·3% (52·1-63·0) for children from low-income countries. On analysis, independent factors for worse survival were residence in low-income countries compared to high-income countries (hazard ratio 16·67; 95% CI 4·76–50·00), cT4 advanced tumour compared to cT1 (8·98; 4·44–18·18), and older age at diagnosis in children up to 3 years (1·38 per year; 1·23–1·56). For children aged 3–7 years, the mortality risk decreased slightly (p=0·0104 for the change in slope). INTERPRETATION : This study, estimated to include approximately half of all new retinoblastoma cases worldwide in 2017, shows profound inequity in survival of children depending on the national income level of their country of residence. In high-income countries, death from retinoblastoma is rare, whereas in low-income countries estimated 3-year survival is just over 50%. Although essential treatments are available in nearly all countries, early diagnosis and treatment in low-income countries are key to improving survival outcomes.The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust and the Wellcome Trust.https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/homeam2023Paediatrics and Child Healt

Supplementary Figures -Supplemental material for Non-invasive dural stimulation in mice: A novel preclinical model of migraine

<p>Supplemental material, Supplementary Figures for Non-invasive dural stimulation in mice: A novel preclinical model of migraine by Carolina Christina Burgos-Vega, Lilyana D Quigley, Gabriela Trevisan dos Santos, Flora Yan, Marina Asiedu, Blaine Jacobs, Marina Motina, Nida Safdar, Hayyan Yousuf, Amanda Avona, Theodore John Price and Greg Dussor in Cephalalgia</p