Thermal Maturity and Kerogen Type of Badenian Dispersed Organic Matter from the Getic Depression, Romania

The aim of this study is to evaluate the thermal maturity of Upper Badenian (Middle Miocene) petroleum source rocks of the Getic Depression, Romania, and to characterize the dispersed organic matter using organic petrography associated with Rock-Eval pyrolysis. A total of 33 core samples of Upper Badenian source rocks from the central–southern part of Getic Depression was studied. The results show that most samples with values of total organic carbon (TOC) o%) ranging between 0.41% and 0.55%, and the values of Tmax between 409 °C and 443 °C. Optical microscopy with reflected white light and fluorescence blue light was used for identification of terrigenous macerals (vitrinite, liptinite as, resinite, cutinite, sporinite, and inertinite) associated with marine liptinite macerals (telalginite and lamalginite) showing yellow and bright–yellow epifluorescence

Green Synthesis of Advanced Carbon Materials Used as Precursors for Adsorbents Applied in Wastewater Treatment

Huge amounts of vegetable waste, mainly resulting from the food industry, need large areas for storage, as they could cause hazardous environmental impact, leading to soil and water pollution or to CO2 emissions during accidental incineration. This work was aimed at recycling certain lignocellulosic waste (walnut shells, kernels of peach, apricot, and olive) to design advanced carbon material precursors (ACMP) to be used for obtaining nano-powders with high applicative potential in pollution abatement. Both waste and ACMP were characterized using proximate and elemental analysis, and by optical microscopy. Complex characterization of raw materials by FTIR, TGA-DTG, and SEM analysis were carried out. The ACMP were synthetized at 600–700 °C by innovative microwave heating technology which offers the advantages of lower energy consumption using 3.3 kW equipment at laboratory level. The ACMP ash < 3% and increased carbon content of 87% enabled the development of an extended pore network depending on degassing conditions during heating. TEM analysis revealed a well-developed porous structure of the synthesized ACMP carbonaceous materials. Due to the presence of oxygen functional groups, ACMPs exhibit adsorption properties highlighted by an iodine index of max. 500 mg/g and surface area BET of 300 m2/g, which make them attractive for removal of environmental pollutants such as dyes having molecule sizes below 2 nm and ions with pore dimensions below 1 nm, widely used industrially and found in underground waters (NO3−) or waste waters (SO42−)