STUDIU ANALITIC IMPLICAT ÎN REALIZAREA PROIECTELOR DE RESTAURARE A CLĂDIRILOR / MONUMENTELOR ISTORICE

Analytical study involved in the realization of restoration projects of historical buildings / monuments Summary. The restoration of historical monuments and buildings has continued for centuries, but now there is a growing interest in the analysis of materials of historical value. The research methodology is determined in the analytical methodology based on induction and inference in relation to restoration projects. The analytical study aims to highlight the current position and the restoration operations that are neglected when preparing the cost estimate in the development of building restoration projects. Unforeseen aspects during the restoration of a building can appear at the level of artistic components (stucco, paintings, mosaic, stairs), etc. The priority objectives of the scientific investigation focus on the authentication of the materials, the compatibility studies regarding the restoration interventions with new materials and the monitoring of the interventions over a certain period (greater than one year). Scientific investigation can range from the use of simple methods to complex analytical methods that are capable of providing qualitative and quantitative data on specific material properties and degradation phenomena. Starting from its multiple practical implications, scientific investigation, through its various expertises, can be found in absolutely all stages of the valorization of the historical monument. We have come to our attention a range of scientific methods useful in knowing the problems of a monument or building, generated by a multitude of factors and expressed on case studies. Knowledge of these aspects constitute the main inputs of the standardization system programmed for archaeological and historical building restoration projects. Moreover, historical buildings represent the era in which they were built and constitute a historical record of a certain community. In most cases, such buildings attract the interest of the whole world, representing important tourist destinations

Synthesis and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Tetranorlabdane Compounds Bearing 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Units

Synthesis of novel tetranorlabdane compounds bearing 1,3,4-thiadiazole units and intermediary tetranorlabdane compounds with thiosemicarbazone fragment has been reported. The structures of the new synthesized compounds were confirmed using IR and 1H, 13C, and 15N NMR spectroscopy. The in vitro antifungal and antibacterial activities of the mentioned compounds have been evaluated. Results of this study have shown that the 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-imine has excellent activity against tested strains of fungi and species of bacteria at minimum inhibitory concentration values of 0.125 and 2.5 μg/mL, respectively

Metodologia de investigare a infracţiunilor privind operele de artă

The national cultural heritage plays an essential role in preserving the national identity and regional specificity, as well as in defining the democratic principles in a Europe of cultural, ethnic and religious diversity. Art goods are one of the greatest temptations in committing crimes. Preparing the complete evidence requires multidisciplinary involvement. In Romania, Law 182/2000 on the protection of the mobile national cultural heritage establishes the legal regime on the mobile national cultural heritage and regulates the specific activities to protect them. Of the crimes against cultural heritage most frequently encountered are the theft of works of art, smuggling and counterfeiting. These included homes (private collections), places of worship; museums and archaeological sites. The paper presents the methodology for the realization of a judicial expertise in case of art objects in a criminal or civil case. The legal and scientific aspects are presented. The expert plays an essential role in authenticating an art object. When asked by the judge for judicial expertise, the art expert must answer specific questions about the subject’s belonging, the nature of the composite materials and the way in which it is put into operation. To accomplish this, the object is analyzed by using specific techniques, corresponding to the nature of the incriminated object. A case study on the offense of forgery is presented

Consideraţii privind starea de conservare a artefactelor din metal şi piele de la Mănăstirea Căpriana

The paper presents the results of the in situ conservation of the metal and leather artifacts discovered at the Capriana monastery. On August 25, 2016, metropolitan Vladimir, together with members of the BOM Synod, in the presence of a delegation of experts from Romania and Moldova, carried out the exhumation of the body of Metropolitan Gavriil Bănulescu-Bodoni from the crypt of the Church of the "Assumption" . At the initiative of the Ministry of Culture and with the care of Deputy Minister Gheorghe Postica, particular attention was paid to the artifacts that were part of the Metropolitan's clothing. At the time of discovering the crypt, the artifacts were extracted according to the methodological norms together with part of the corresponding soil. It ensures the keeping of a microclimate close to that in which they stay for a short period of time before pre-treatment treatments. The influence of the factors: temperature, air, light, humidity on the artifacts when passing from the anaerobic environment into the aerobic environment is presented. The leather as a perishable organic material required biological conservation treatment in situ after land removal. The leather artifacts consist of a boot sole, skin fragments – upper, skin and ankle fragments, skin fragments. The metallic artifacts are: pectoral cross, hand cross, textile accessories, coffin accessories, miter accessories. Metallic and collagen artefacts are currently undergoing complex, interdisciplinary research, to achieve the full scientific exploitation of the results obtained

Autentificarea prin metode instrumentale a sacosului, componentă a vestimentaţiei ecleziale în Biserica Ortodoxă, secolele XVIII–XIX

Scientific research using non-destructive methods or micro-destructive modern of works of art is essential to the smooth running of the process of conservation and restoration. Knowing the nature of the materials used in their manufacturing brings us important clues in the authentication and dating of works of art. A work of art, historical textile was handmade of natural materials available to designers in the period. Most of these textile treasures, counting a number of notable tracks were preserved over the centuries by the Church in warehouses, museums or other sheltered locations. The present study refers to the investigation of metal accessories through X-ray fluorescence, OM and SEM of religious textiles kept a hundred years in the north tower of the Metropolitan Cathedral in Iasi. This paper aims to determine the metal parts (threads, sequins) and identification of corrosion products in order to establish a correlation with the conservation status of textile pieces

Religion, Archaeology, Preservation. Căpriana Monastery, the Republic of Moldova

The present paper focuses on the preliminary interventions undertaken for the in situ and post situ preservation of the archaeological artifacts derived from the disinterment of the Metropolitan Gavriil Bănulescu-Bodoni, which took place in the context of the canonization held in Căpriana Monastery (the Republic of Moldova). The paper points out the importance of the pluridisciplinary approach in order to ensure the adequate conditions for a specialized and immediate first aid for the excavated artifacts, which thereby would be able to be part of and enrich the ecclesiastical heritage of the Republic of Moldova. Brief presentations of the monastic institution’s history and the metropolitan’s biography are also provided

Thermal processes identification using virtual instrumentation

In this paper the experimental identification problem of thermal processes is presented, in order to establish their mathematical models which permit the adoption of the automation solutions, respectively the specification of a suitable control law. With this aim in view, the authors resorted to use Virtual Instrumentation with the aid of the LabVIEW development medium. In order to solve the problem of acquisition and processing data from physical real processes, Virtual Instruments which provide at the end a mathematical model which is basis of choosing the automation equipment of the aim followed was designed and achieved. The achieved Virtual Instruments get the opportunity to be used either in student instruction field with the virtual processes identification techniques or to put the identification of some real processes to good use of diverse beneficiaries. The results of some experimental attempts which were achieved during different thermal processes, illustrate the utility of the demarches performed in this paper

Sourcing Limestone Masonry for the Restoration of Heritage Buildings: Frumoasa Monastery Case Study

Cultural and religious heritage assessments and restorations are considered to be a fundamental requirement of any modern society because these constructions represent one of the most meaningful and tangible connections to our past. With rare exceptions, heritage buildings were built with materials and systems that could bear gravitational loads but not bending and shearing resulting from seismic loading. Thus, in many cases, earthquake ground motions have led to severe degradation and even the collapse of various parts of these structural systems. In order to address these issues, repair and replacement techniques are applied as common parts of restoration work. In the peculiar case of stone masonry structures, a standalone macroscopic examination is not self-assured and, most often, can lead to an inadequate selection of a replacement material. Therefore, a knowledge of mesoscopic, petrographic, physical and mechanical properties is compulsory in the design, planning and execution of restoration work. From this perspective, the present research has taken, as a case of study, the Frumoasa monastic complex from Iași, Romania, introducing microscopic, XRF (X-ray fluorescence) spectroscopy and petrographically based approaches, comparing three limestone samples with a sample dislodged from the original wall. The physical properties (bulk and real densities, open porosity and capillary water absorption coefficient) and the mechanical properties (compressive and tensile strengths) were also experimentally determined. The samples were extracted from stone quarries located on the territories that were part of the same historical region as the Frumoasa monastic complex. Based on the outcomes of this study, suitable criteria for the stone replacement—consisting of identifying the main structure, quarry rock petrographical parameters and physical and mechanical characteristics—were determined and applied

Database for restoration of cultural heritage objects

At present, it is very important to create on line databases for heritage objects (their characteristics and incurred treatments). Information provided by this database complete the analytical documentation of the objects to be restored. Our research group has elaborated such a database lasting for clear evidence of the performed interventions and the actual state of conservation, to ensure the possibility of exchange of information between researchers in the field, and to provide a friendly interface for limited time access and security of data. This paper presents results consistent with objectives