47 research outputs found

    New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.

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    Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms

    Synthesis of optically active natural products: the mycotoxin (-)-botryodiplodin and the lignans (-)- and (+)-burseran, (-)-cubebin, and (-)-hinokinin

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    Förekomst av ultra-fina partiklar och partiklar ≀10”m vid diatermianvĂ€ndning med mobilt rökutsug : JĂ€mförelse av partikelnivĂ„er centralt och perifert pĂ„ operationssal

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    Flertalet studier har pĂ„visat ett samband mellan koncentrationen av partiklar ≀ 10”m i luftföroreningar och cardiovaskulĂ€r- och pulmonell morbiditet och mortalitet. Vid resektion, koagulering/brĂ€nning med diatermipenna under operationer alstras rök. Denna rök innehĂ„ller bland annat mutagena och carcinogena partiklar i inhalerbar storlek (partiklar ≀ 10”m). Ett första syfte med denna studie var att kvantifiera den mĂ€ngd ultra-fina partiklar (UFP) och partiklar ≀ 10”m som operationspersonal exponeras för i operationsrummet, vid anvĂ€ndande av diatermi med mobilt rökutsug. Ett andra syfte var ocksĂ„ att ta reda pĂ„ om operations-personal exponeras olika mycket beroende pĂ„ var i rummet de befinner sig, samt undersöka om partikelnivĂ„erna skiljer sig pĂ„ olika operationssalar. PartikelmĂ€tningar utfördes under 14 ortopediska operationer dĂ€r diatermi med rökutsug anvĂ€nts. MedelvĂ€rdena av UFP visar pĂ„ relativt lĂ„ga partikelkoncentrationer pĂ„ höftprotes- och ryggoperationer, med mycket korta stunder av höga vĂ€rden upp till ett maxvĂ€rde pĂ„ 88 396pt/ml vid operationsomrĂ„det. Även partiklar i storleken 1-10”m lĂ„g inom lĂ„ga nivĂ„er och under grĂ€nsvĂ€rdena vid jĂ€mförelse med organisk damm. Resultaten i studien indikerar att personal som stĂ„r vid operationssĂ„ret exponeras av högre partikelkoncentrationer av ultra-fina partiklar och partiklar 1-10”m Ă€n övrig personal, Ă€ven vid anvĂ€ndande av mobilt rökutsug. Vid jĂ€mförelse av partikelnivĂ„er av ultra-fina partiklar pĂ„ tvĂ„ olika operationssalar framkom det att pĂ„ den sal med lĂ€gst antal luftvĂ€xlingar i operationsrummet, var partikelkoncentrationen signifikant högre

    A heterocyclic chemical compound

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    A heterocyclic chemical compound of formula (1) or (2) or a neutral or acidic salt thereof where the counter ion is LI+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, NH4+ or another pharmacologically acceptable positively charged inorganic or organic ion or any combination thereof. The compound contains B, Si, N, P, S or Se in the ring structure

    Chiral Aldehydes by Ring Contraction of Pento- and Hexopyranoside Epoxides

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    The chiral aldehydes (-)-(2S,5S)- and (-)-(2S,5R)-2-[[[dimethyl( 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl)silyl]oxy]methyl]-5-methoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-carbaldehyde (2 and 4) were synthesized in 60 and 15% yield, respectively, by lithium bromide induced rearrangement of 6-O-silylated methyl 2,3- and 3,4-anhydro-a- and -d-D-hexopyranosides, obtained in two steps from methyl α- and ÎČ-D-glucopyranoside. Rearrangement of various other pento- and hexoside epoxides permitted the suggestion of probable reaction routes. Hydrogenation of the unsaturated aldehydes gave the corresponding saturated aldehydes in good yield

    Crosslinkable aqueous coating composition

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    Low protonation constant hydroxy acids

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