In vitro antibacterial activity of copper and bismuth powder

In this work we aimed to test the antibacterial effect of many copper and bismuth powders (salts) on Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial species. Eight samples of [(xB2O3(1-x)Bi2O3]10%CuO and another eight of [(xB2O3(1-x)Bi2O3] with various granulations (0.07x0.8), were tested in laboratory conditions on four bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli), determining minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using diffusimethrical method. It was proved that both copper and bismuth salts had inhibitory effect on the tested bacterial species. Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) were sensitive to the activity of cooper salts combined with bismuth. Gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) were also sensitive to the activity of the two powder categories but the inhibitory effect was more reduced comparatively to the effect obtained for Gram positive strains. A reduced dimension of the powders increases the inhibitory effect

Researches Concerning the Sensibility to Neomycin of Some Bacterial Strains Isolated from Chicken

In this study we aimed to determine neomycin effect on Gram negative bacterial strains of the species Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, Proteus spp and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from chickens with different diseases. Sensitivity to neomycin was also appreciated for standard reference strains: Bacillus anthracis 1190 R, Staphylococcus aureus 6538P, Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, E. coli ATCC 10536 and Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13076. The experiment took place at the department of Microbiology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca within October 2010 - March 2011, realizing the sensitivity tests to neomycin using the diffusimetric method. After testing a total of 33 bacterial strains, the resistance to neomycin was observed for 3 species (Escherichia, Proteus and Klebsiella) while for genus Salmonella no resistant strains were registered. Neomycin resistance was of 20% for strains of Escherichia, 25% for Proteus and 33.3% in those from genus Klebsiella. Sensitivity percentage of the tested strains ranged between 25% and 66.6%. Percentage of moderate sensitive strains ranged from 0 to 50%. Of the 6 standard reference strains tested, one was classified as sensitive (Staphylococcus aureus 6538P), three resistant (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, E. coli ATCC 10536 and Salmonella enteritidis ATCC 13076) and two moderate sensitive (Bacillus anthracis 1190 R and Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579). The results obtained reveals that resistance to neomycin for the strains isolated from chickens varied from one bacterial species to another. Infections involving Escherichia coli, Proteus spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae should be considered more carefully, neomycin being recommended for the treatment only when the outbreak strains were tested and classified as sensitive to this antibiotic

Use of FT-IR Technique as a Method for Differentiation of Bacterial and Fungal Strains

For this study we chose a series of commonly encountered bacterial and fungal microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida F1, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus and Candida albicans. For their analysis using infrared spectrophotometry. Interpretation of data from the Spectrophotometer reading was done with the program Origin version 7. The results showed detectable differences between the spectra taken on bacteria and fungi. Could differentiate the chromatogram peaks characteristics for bacteria and fungi. The graphics made it was found that the combination of polysaccharide region (1200-900 cm-1) with “fingerprint region” (900-700 cm-1) and mixed region (1500-1200 cm-1) spectra and their derivatives primarily were most useful to characterize the FT-IR spectra, and to differentiate microorganisms. From the research done on the microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas putida F1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans can concluded that they can differentiate using FT-IR technique. FT - IR Identification techniques is a fast and accurate of microorganisms identification techniques (organisms composition differs, molecular composition in generals is different and FT-IR spectra of them will be different) with shortening of identification time. Method FT - IR can be used for rapid identification of microorganisms. Being only need a small amount of culture for 24 hours and 5 minutes to read Spectrophotometer IR light

The Behavior of Candida spp. Strains Isolated from Different Animal Species to Antifungal Drugs

A total number of 28 Candida spp. strains isolated from: cow, man, dog and pigeon from a total of 29 samples processed during the years 2008-2011 in the Microbiology Laboratory of the FVM Cluj-Napoca were examined.Candida spp. strains isolated from dogs suffering from chronic otitis and pharyngeal exudates were sensitive to Ketoconazole, Miconazole and Nystatin. The dog with diffuse alopecia was observed resistance to miconazole.In humans, strains isolated from pharyngeal exudate were sensitive to Nystatin and Miconazole but resistant to Ketoconazole and Fluorocytosine, while in case of the strains isolated from cases of urinary infections antifungal sensitivity varied from case to case (case 1: Miconazole, Nystatin, Ketoconazole, Itraconazole = sensitive, Cotrimoxazole = resistant; case 2: Nystatin = sensitive, ketoconazole, Miconazole, Itraconazole and Cotrimoxazole = resistant.In case of Candida spp. chronic mastitis, sensitivity of the strains was variable from an outbreak of disease to another, in some outbreaks isolates were only sensitive to Nystatin but resistant to Miconazole, Cotrimoxazole, Fluorocytosine, Ketoconazole and Itraconazole, while the others were only sensitive to Miconazole and in others to both. In all cases studied the resistance to Cotrimoxazole, Fluorocytosine, Ketoconazole and Itraconazole was mantained

The Report of a Furunculosis Case at Trout Produced by a Strain of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. achromogenes

The bacteriological examination conducted on 10 counts of trout belonging to a trout farm bordering Cluj county, led to the isolation of atypical strains of Aeromonas salmonicida (A. salmonicida subsp. achromogenes). This subspecie is isolated for the first time in our area of activity and it was identified with the help of API 20 E galleries and through some supplementary tests like: catalyses test, oxidase test, insemination at 25° and 37°C, the mobility test and hemolytic activity. The isolated strain of A. salmonicida subsp. achromogenes was sensitive to: Enrofloxacin, Florfenicol, Nalidixic acid., Oxytetracycline, resistant to Erythromycin, Amoxicillin Clavulanate and Lincomycin

Correlation Between Mastitis Pathogenic Bacteria and Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in Cows Milk

Antioxidant activity of milk is due to the presence of antioxidant anzymes such as catalase, lactoperoxidase, glutathione-peroxidase, xanthin/oxidase, or vitamins and provitamins such as retinoils and carotenoids, tocopherols and ascorbic acid. The aim of this study was to establish a correlation between pathogenic bacteria type involved in cows mastitis and glutathione-peroxidase activity in milk. Determination of the enzyme activity was performed on milk samples, before and after germs inoculation with various dilutions of Streptoccocus spp., Staphylococcus spp. Pseudomonas spp. Escherichia spp. Candida spp. To show the glutathione-peroxidase activity during milk bacteria multiplication, an in vitro protocol for germs development in liquid medium (Muller Hinton agar with milk) was performed. Glutathione peroxidase activity in milk samples was performed on skimmed milk, using a commercial kit (Ransel, Randox Laboratories) and semiautomatic biochemistry analyzer MasterPlus Screen. We observe the fact that development of the pathogenic bacteria in milk is accompanied by a significant increase of glutathione-peroxidase activity. The level of enzyme activity depends on the type of bacteria. The highest values were in milk samples inoculated with Escherichia coli, values that exceeded 10 times the values of normal milk samples. For Streptococcus viridians, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida spp. were established modest results, the lowest values being registered from samples containing Staphylococcus aureus

An Acellular Anti-Bordetella Bronchiseptica Vaccine Efficiency Test in Wistar Rats

The researches were made between February and May 2009 within the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. A number of 6 B. bronchiseptica free adolescent female Wistar rats were infected intranazally with a field isolate of B. bronchiseptica isolated from a pneumonic pig and the same B. bronchiseptica strain was ultrasound disintegrated for the preparation of the acellular vaccine. Three rats were subcutaneously vaccinated in days 14 and 28 after infection and in day 60 after infection all rats were euthanized through atlo-occipital dislocation under ethylic ether anaesthezia. Blood samples, lung and trachea portions were collected for bacteriological and serological tests. Clinical observations, serological and bacteriological findings showed a good protection given by the vaccine

The Sensibility to Antimycotics of Some Candida Spp. Strains Isolated from Humans and Animals

The researches were made during February – June 2011 within the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. A total number of 16 Candida spp. strains isolated from both healthy and diseased animals from different species and humans and 2 ATCC strains, were tested regarding the sensitivity to antimycotics such as: Nystatin, Fluorocytosine, Miconazole, Itraconazole, Amphotericin B and Ketoconazole. For the isolated strains from parrot faeces, Miconazole and Amphotericin B were the most efficient; for dog otitis - Miconazole; for mastitis cow milk - Nystatin; for human tonsillitis – Amphotericin B; for ATCC 90028 – Miconazole and for ATCC 10231 – Amphotericin B. Regarding overall sensibility Miconazole was the most efficient antimycotic for all the strains tested in this study

Considerations Regarding the Antimicrobial Effect of Procid and Procid Forte Biocide Products

Procid and Procid forte products are containing two biocide substances (glutaraldehyd and didecyl-dimethyl ammonium chloride) with inhibitory action on Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria, viruses, fungi and unicellular algae. The products are recommended in the veterinary practice for microbial disinfection of various surfaces. The antimicrobial effect was tested for the following microorganism types: Gram negative bacteria: Salmonella sp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas pyocianea, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Neisseria polysacharea; Gram positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus anthracis (tulpina vaccinală 1190 R), Bacillus laterosporus, Brevibacterium linens, Listeria monocytogenes, Erisipelothrix rhusiopathiae; microscopic fungi: Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., Candida albicans; unicellular algae: Prototheca zopfii. The following reference strains of the ATTC collection were also tested: Staphylococcus aureus 6358P, Escherichia coli 10536, Pseudomonas pyocyanea 27853, Prototheca wickerhamii 16529. From both products dilutions of 1/100 and 1/200 (10 ml) were introduced in tubes and the tested culture was added (0,2 ml). Passages on culture mediums were performed after 30, 60 minutes and 24 hours, in order to test the mycrobicidal effect. All the tested strains were inhibiting by 1/100 dilution to the three contact times. At 1/200 dilution resistance was observed for Salmonella (at 30 minutes) and Pseudomonas (at 30 and 60 minutes)

The Efficiency of Some Antifungal Products on Genus Malassezia Fungi

The researches were made during 2006-2007 within the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. A number of 23 Malassezia pachydermatis strains were tested regarding the sensibility to antifungal products currently used in therapy. The antimycotic products were represented by ketoconazole, itraconazole, nystatin and acetic acid. The best efficiency was registered for itraconazole, followed by ketoconazole, nystatin and acetic aci