10,180 research outputs found
Superlattice Magnetophonon Resonances in Strongly Coupled InAs/GaSb Superlattices
We report an experimental study of miniband magnetoconduction in
semiconducting InAs/GaSb superlattices. For samples with miniband widths below
the longitudinal optical phonon energy we identify a new superlattice
magnetophonon resonance (SLMPR) caused by resonant scattering of electrons
across the mini-Brillouin zone. This new resonant feature arises directly from
the drift velocity characteristics of the superlattice dispersion and total
magnetic quantisation of the superlattice Landau level minibands.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Early diffusion evidence of retrograde transsynaptic degeneration in the human visual system
We investigated whether diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) indices of white matter integrity would offer early markers of retrograde transsynaptic degeneration (RTD) in the visual system after stroke
Objective: We investigated whether diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) indices of white matter integrity
would offer early markers of retrograde transsynaptic degeneration (RTD) in the visual system
after stroke.
Methods: We performed a prospective longitudinal analysis of the sensitivity of DTI markers of
optic tract health in 12 patients with postsynaptic visual pathway stroke, 12 stroke controls,
and 28 healthy controls. We examined group differences in (1) optic tract fractional anisotropy
(FA-asymmetry), (2) perimetric measures of visual impairment, and (3) the relationship between
FA-asymmetry and perimetric assessment.
Results: FA-asymmetry was higher in patients with visual pathway lesions than in control groups.
These differences were evident 3 months from the time of injury and did not change significantly
at 12 months. Perimetric measures showed evidence of impairment in participants with visual
pathway stroke but not in control groups. A significant association was observed between
FA-asymmetry and perimetric measures at 3 months, which persisted at 12 months.
Conclusions: DTI markers of RTD are apparent 3 months from the time of injury. This represents
the earliest noninvasive evidence of RTD in any species. Furthermore, these measures associate
with measures of visual impairment. DTI measures offer a reproducible, noninvasive, and sensitive
method of investigating RTD and its role in visual impairment
Interaction of surface acoustic waves with a two-dimensional electron gas in the presence of spin splitting of the Landau bands
The absorption and variation of the velocity of a surface acoustic wave of
frequency = 30 MHz interacting with two-dimensional electrons are
investigated in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures with an electron density at =1.5 - 4.2 K in magnetic fields up to 7 T.
Characteristic features associated with spin splitting of the Landau level are
observed. The effective g factor and the width of the spin-split Landau bands
are determined: and =0.6 meV. The greater width of the
orbital-split Landau bands (2 meV) relative to the spin-split bands is
attributed to different shielding of the random fluctuation potential of
charged impurities by 2D electrons. The mechanisms of the nonlinearities
manifested in the dependence of the absorption and the velocity increment of
the SAW on the SAW power in the presence of spin splitting of the Landau levels
are investigated.Comment: Revtex 5 pages + 5 EPS Figures, v.2 - minor corrections in text and
pic
Error-proof programmable self-assembly of DNA-nanoparticle clusters
We study theoretically a new generic scheme of programmable self-assembly of
nanoparticles into clusters of desired geometry. The problem is motivated by
the feasibility of highly selective DNA-mediated interactions between colloidal
particles. By analyzing both a simple generic model and a more realistic
description of a DNA-colloidal system, we demonstrate that it is possible to
suppress the glassy behavior of the system, and to make the self-assembly
nearly error-proof. This regime requires a combination of stretchable
interparticle linkers (e.g. sufficiently long DNA), and a soft repulsive
potential. The jamming phase diagram and the error probability are computed for
several types of clusters. The prospects for the experimental implementation of
our scheme are also discussed. PACS numbers: 81.16.Dn, 87.14.Gg, 36.40.EiComment: 6 pages, 4 figures, v2: substantially revised version, added journal
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Angularly localized Skyrmions
Quantized Skyrmions with baryon numbers and 4 are considered and
angularly localized wavefunctions for them are found. By combining a few low
angular momentum states, one can construct a quantum state whose spatial
density is close to that of the classical Skyrmion, and has the same
symmetries. For the B=1 case we find the best localized wavefunction among
linear combinations of and angular momentum states. For B=2, we
find that the ground state has toroidal symmetry and a somewhat reduced
localization compared to the classical solution. For B=4, where the classical
Skyrmion has cubic symmetry, we construct cubically symmetric quantum states by
combining the ground state with the lowest rotationally excited
state. We use the rational map approximation to compare the classical and
quantum baryon densities in the B=2 and B=4 cases.Comment: 22 page
Reparametrising the Skyrme Model using the Lithium-6 Nucleus
The minimal energy B=6 solution of the Skyrme model is a static soliton with
symmetry. The symmetries of the solution imply that the quantum
numbers of the ground state are the same as those of the Lithium-6 nucleus.
This identification is considered further by obtaining expressions for the mean
charge radius and quadrupole moment, dependent only on the Skyrme model
parameters (a dimensionless constant) and (the pion decay
constant). The optimal values of these parameters have often been deliberated
upon, and we propose, for , changing them from those which are most
commonly accepted. We obtain specific values for these parameters for B=6, by
matching with properties of the Lithium-6 nucleus. We find further support for
the new values by reconsidering the -particle and deuteron as quantized
B=4 and B=2 Skyrmions.Comment: 18 page
Effects of virtual acoustics on dynamic auditory distance perception
Sound propagation encompasses various acoustic phenomena including
reverberation. Current virtual acoustic methods, ranging from parametric
filters to physically-accurate solvers, can simulate reverberation with varying
degrees of fidelity. We investigate the effects of reverberant sounds generated
using different propagation algorithms on acoustic distance perception, i.e.,
how faraway humans perceive a sound source. In particular, we evaluate two
classes of methods for real-time sound propagation in dynamic scenes based on
parametric filters and ray tracing. Our study shows that the more accurate
method shows less distance compression as compared to the approximate,
filter-based method. This suggests that accurate reverberation in VR results in
a better reproduction of acoustic distances. We also quantify the levels of
distance compression introduced by different propagation methods in a virtual
environment.Comment: 8 Pages, 7 figure
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Polyurethane Nanocomposites
This review describes the present state of science and technology of photopolymerizable (UV-curable) polyurethane (PU) nanocomposites which include nanosilica and organically-modified clay (organoclay). A number of documented improvements of properties of PU nanocomposites compared to the pristine PU are presented. Many data on the structure and properties of PU nanocomposites were obtained not only for UV-cured urethane acrylate oligomers, but also for nanocomposites produced in the dark reactions. These data are critically reviewed. There is an expectation in the field of dramatic improvement of properties of PU nanocomposites under low loading (1-5 wt%) of organoclay
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