768 research outputs found
Reclamation of Marine Chitinous Materials for Chitosanase Production via Microbial Conversion by Paenibacillus macerans
[[abstract]]: Chitinous materials from marine byproducts elicit great interest among biotechnologists for
their potential biomedical or agricultural applications. In this study, four kinds of marine chitinous
materials (squid pens, shrimp heads, demineralized shrimp shells, and demineralized crab shells)
were used to screen the best source for producing chitosanase by Paenibacillus macerans TKU029.
Among them, the chitosanase activity was found to be highest in the culture using the medium
containing squid pens as the sole carbon/nitrogen (C/N) source. A chitosanase which showed
molecular weights at 63 kDa was isolated from P. macerans cultured on a squid pens medium.
The purified TKU029 chitosanase exhibited optimum activity at 60 ◦C and pH 7, and was stable at
temperatures under 50 ◦C and pH 3-8. An analysis by MALDI-TOF MS revealed that the chitosan
oligosaccharides (COS) obtained from the hydrolysis of water-soluble chitosan by TKU029 crude
enzyme showed various degrees of polymerization (DP), varying from 3–6. The obtained COS
enhanced the growth of four lactic acid bacteria strains but exhibited no effect on the growth of E. coli.
By specialized growth enhancing effects, the COS produced from hydrolyzing water soluble chitosan
with TKU029 chitinolytic enzymes could have potential for use in medicine or nutraceuticals.[[sponsorship]]MOST[[notice]]補正完
Recent Advances in BiVO4- and Bi2Te3-Based Materials for High Efficiency-Energy Applications
This chapter provides recent progress in developments of BiVO4- and Bi2Te3-based materials for high efficiency photoelectrodes and thermoelectric applications. The self-assembling nanostructured BiVO4-based materials and their heterostructures (e.g., WO3/BiVO4) are developed and studied toward high efficiency photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting via engineering the crystal and band structures and charge transfer processes across the heteroconjunctions. In addition, crystal and electronic structures, optical properties, and strategies to enhance photoelectrochemical properties of BiVO4 are presented. The nanocrystalline, nanostructured Bi2Te3-based thin films with controlled structure, and morphology for enhanced thermoelectric properties are also reported and discussed in details. We demonstrate that BiVO4-based materials and Bi2Te3-based thin films play significant roles for the developing renewable energy
DOLABRANE-TYPE DITERPENOID AND LIGNAN CONSTITUENTS FROM THE STEM BARKS OF CERIOPS DECANDRA (GRIFF.) W. THEOB.
Three dolabrane-type diterpenoids (1‒3) and a lignan derivative (4) were isolated from a methanolic extract of C. decandra stem barks using various chromatographic separations. Their structures were elucidated to be tagalsine X (1), tagalsin P (2), ent-5α,2-oxodolabr-3-ene-3,15,16-triol (3), and (+)-pinoresinol (4) by detailed analysis via spectroscopic techniques (1D, 2D NMR, and ESI-MS data) as well as comparison with those reported. This is the first report of compound 4 from the Ceriops genus
Double RIS-Assisted MIMO Systems Over Spatially Correlated Rician Fading Channels and Finite Scatterers
This paper investigates double RIS-assisted MIMO communication systems over
Rician fading channels with finite scatterers, spatial correlation, and the
existence of a double-scattering link between the transceiver. First, the
statistical information is driven in closed form for the aggregated channels,
unveiling various influences of the system and environment on the average
channel power gains. Next, we study two active and passive beamforming designs
corresponding to two objectives. The first problem maximizes channel capacity
by jointly optimizing the active precoding and combining matrices at the
transceivers and passive beamforming at the double RISs subject to the
transmitting power constraint. In order to tackle the inherently non-convex
issue, we propose an efficient alternating optimization algorithm (AO) based on
the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). The second problem
enhances communication reliability by jointly training the encoder and decoder
at the transceivers and the phase shifters at the RISs. Each neural network
representing a system entity in an end-to-end learning framework is proposed to
minimize the symbol error rate of the detected symbols by controlling the
transceiver and the RISs phase shifts. Numerical results verify our analysis
and demonstrate the superior improvements of phase shift designs to boost
system performance.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted by IEEE Transactions on Communication
LIGNANS FROM LEAVES OF AMESIODENDRON CHINENSE AND THEIR CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY
ABSTRACTFrom leaves of Amesiodendron chinense (Mer.) Hu four lignans (+)-aptosimon (1), (+)-isolariciresinol (2), (-)-cleomiscosin A (3), and (-)-cleomiscosin C (3) were isolated. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis including MS, 1D and 2D NMR as well as by comparison with reported data in literature. All compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activities against five human cancer cell lines, KB, SK-LU-1, MCF-7, HepG-2, and SW-480. They showed weak cytotoxic activity on five tested human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 32.61 to 95.18 µg/ml
The effect of polyamine 70000 (BT70) on the zinc plating process in the non-cyanide alkaline plating bath
The effect of polyamine having molecular weight 70,000u (BT70) in the non-cyanide alkaline plating bath on the morphological zinc electrodeposited coating was investigated. The obtained results from the reflectance of electrodeposited zinc coating by a suitable range of electro-current density and SEM images showed that BT70 had effect on the zinc plating in comparison with the zinc deposits from plating bath without BT70. The electrodeposited coating surface was rough and poor adhesion. However, adding BT70 into the plating bath led to the surface roughness of electrodeposited coating and grand size being reduced. Zinc electrodeposited coating from a plating bath containing BT70 at 0.5 g/L, respectively, experienced the highest reflectance, equal 46 % of the electrodeposited coating from the bath containing commercial additives. Hull method showed that the zinc deposited coating surface became smoother with the presence of polyamine in non-cyanide alkaline zinc plating solution. The zinc deposited coating had a semi-gloss scope at 10 A/dm2. If the BT70 content increased, the semi-gloss scop and the gloss of samples’ surfaces also grew up. Keywords. Polyamine, additive, non-cyanide alkaline zinc plating, zinc coating
Phenolic compounds from leaves of Amensiodendron chinese (Sapindaceae)
From the ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of Amensiodendron chinense (Merr.) Hu (Sapindaceae), we isolated three known phenolic compounds: 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (1), methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (2), and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3). We elucidated their chemical structures from the spectral data and compared them with those reported in the literature.3 hợp chất phenolic được phân lập từ cao chiết ethyl acetate của lá thuộc loài Amensiodendron chinese (Merr.) Hu (Sapindaceae) bao gồm : 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (1), methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (2), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3). Cấu trúc hóa học được xác định dựa vào dữ liệu phổ và so sánh với tài liệu tham khảo
XANTHONES FROM THE TWIGS OF THE VIETNAMESE CALOPHYLLUM CERIFERUM GAGNEP. EX STEVENS
Three xanthones have been isolated from the dichloromethane extract of the twigs of the Vietnamese Calophyllum ceriferum Gagnep. Ex Stevens collected at Ninh Thuan province. Their structures were elucidated as 1,7-dihydroxy-2,3,8-trimethoxyxanthone, 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone and 1,6-dihydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyxanthone by spectroscopic analyses
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