Perceptions of teachers regarding the significance and level of implementation of sexual education content for ethnic minority students in Vietnam

Comprehensive sex education is one of the most critical tools for providing young people with the knowledge they require to make wise decisions. Sex education has a reputation for being delicate due to the intimate and personal nature of the topic. A survey involved 45 administrators (including principals, vice principals and heads of expertise), 15 teachers of social science disciplines and 15 classroom teachers. The results indicated that the importance of sex education for ethnic minority students was not appreciated by teachers and that the implementation level of sex education content and its form were low and ineffective. The study highlights topics that educators must consider when establishing strategic plans for successful and acceptable sex education in a societal context or with ethnic minority students

SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' SATISFACTION IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION COURSES

The purpose of this study was to find out the solutions to improve students' satisfaction in physical education courses at Saigon University. 1378 students participated in physical education courses (such as football, volleyball, table tennis, basketball, and badminton) in the academic year 2021-2022 has been conducted by using questionnaires to survey. Through the steps of the analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats in teaching process, expert consultation, combined with experimental process based on 7 factors, i.e. facilities, lecturers, training program, the implementation, support process, problem responsiveness and expected results. Results had selected and applied 08 solutions to improve the satisfaction level of students at Saigon University after participating in physical education courses. In short, the application of the solutions has contributed to improving the satisfaction level of students after participating in the physical education courses.  Article visualizations

VFFINDER: A Graph-based Approach for Automated Silent Vulnerability-Fix Identification

The increasing reliance of software projects on third-party libraries has raised concerns about the security of these libraries due to hidden vulnerabilities. Managing these vulnerabilities is challenging due to the time gap between fixes and public disclosures. Moreover, a significant portion of open-source projects silently fix vulnerabilities without disclosure, impacting vulnerability management. Existing tools like OWASP heavily rely on public disclosures, hindering their effectiveness in detecting unknown vulnerabilities. To tackle this problem, automated identification of vulnerability-fixing commits has emerged. However, identifying silent vulnerability fixes remains challenging. This paper presents VFFINDER, a novel graph-based approach for automated silent vulnerability fix identification. VFFINDER captures structural changes using Abstract Syntax Trees (ASTs) and represents them in annotated ASTs. VFFINDER distinguishes vulnerability-fixing commits from non-fixing ones using attention-based graph neural network models to extract structural features. We conducted experiments to evaluate VFFINDER on a dataset of 36K+ fixing and non-fixing commits in 507 real-world C/C++ projects. Our results show that VFFINDER significantly improves the state-of-the-art methods by 39-83% in Precision, 19-148% in Recall, and 30-109% in F1. Especially, VFFINDER speeds up the silent fix identification process by up to 47% with the same review effort of 5% compared to the existing approaches.Comment: Accepted by IEEE KSE 202

Numerical and Experimental Study on the Grinding Performance of Ti-Based Super-Alloy

The experiments of the surface grinding of Ti-6Al-4V grade 5 alloy (Ti-64) with a resin-bonded cubic Boron Nitride (cBN) grinding wheel are performed in this research to estimate the influence of cutting parameters named workpiece infeed speed, Depth of Cut (DOC), cooling condition on the grinding force, force ratio, and specific energy. A finite element simulation model of single-grain grinding of Ti-64 is also implemented in order to predict the values of grinding forces and temperature. The experimental results show that an increase of workpiece infeed speed creates higher intensified cutting forces than the DOC. The grinding experiments under wet conditions present slightly lower tangential forces, force ratio, and specific energy than those in dry grinding. The simulation outcomes exhibit that the relative deviation of simulated and experimental forces is in the range of 1-15%. The increase in feed rate considerably reduces grinding temperature, while enhancement of DOC elevates the heat generation in the cutting zone

A Multiple Choices Reading Comprehension Corpus for Vietnamese Language Education

Machine reading comprehension has been an interesting and challenging task in recent years, with the purpose of extracting useful information from texts. To attain the computer ability to understand the reading text and answer relevant information, we introduce ViMMRC 2.0 - an extension of the previous ViMMRC for the task of multiple-choice reading comprehension in Vietnamese Textbooks which contain the reading articles for students from Grade 1 to Grade 12. This dataset has 699 reading passages which are prose and poems, and 5,273 questions. The questions in the new dataset are not fixed with four options as in the previous version. Moreover, the difficulty of questions is increased, which challenges the models to find the correct choice. The computer must understand the whole context of the reading passage, the question, and the content of each choice to extract the right answers. Hence, we propose the multi-stage approach that combines the multi-step attention network (MAN) with the natural language inference (NLI) task to enhance the performance of the reading comprehension model. Then, we compare the proposed methodology with the baseline BERTology models on the new dataset and the ViMMRC 1.0. Our multi-stage models achieved 58.81% by Accuracy on the test set, which is 5.34% better than the highest BERTology models. From the results of the error analysis, we found the challenge of the reading comprehension models is understanding the implicit context in texts and linking them together in order to find the correct answers. Finally, we hope our new dataset will motivate further research in enhancing the language understanding ability of computers in the Vietnamese language

An analysis of forest biomass changes using geospatial tools and ground survey data: a case study in Yok Don national park, Central Highlands of Vietnam

Vietnam conducts a national forest survey every five years using optical satellite imagery as Landsat, SPOT satellites and ground survey data. However, estimation of change in biomass due to change in forest types has not been of research interest despite of its importance in the face of climate change and applicability for REDD implementation. In this study, we used SPOT HRV satellite data of 2004, 2011 and ground survey data for analysis of changes in biomass of forest cover in Yok Don National Park, Central Highlands of Vietnam. This method has been effectively employed for mapping of land cover with overall classification accuracy of 84.30% to 86.63%. The results demonstrated that between 2004 and 2011, the biomass of Evergreen broad leaved rich forest decreased by 2.95 Megatons, biomass of the Evergreen broad leaved medium forest decreased by 0.09 Mega tons and biomass of the Dry open dipterocarps medium forest decreased 2.20 Mega tons. In that period, biomass of the Evergreen broad-leavedpoor forest increased by 0.02 Mega tons and biomass of the Dry open dipterocarps-poor forest increased by 0.91 Mega tons.References Bao Huy, 2008: Methodology for research on CO2 sequestration in natural forests to join the program of reducing emission from deforestation and degradation-REDD. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, MARD, 2008, pp. 1-10. Bhishma, P. et al., 2010: Forest carbon stock measurement-Guidelines for measuring carbon stocks in community-managed forest. Asia Network for Sustainable Agriculture and Bioresource (ANSAB), 79 pp. Brown, S., 1997. Estimating biomass and biomass change of tropical forests: a Primer. FAO Forestry paper–134.ISBN 92-5-103955-0. Brown, S., 2002: Measuring carbon in forests: current status and future challenges. Environmental Pollution, 116(3): 363-372.. Canh N. X. et al., 2009: Conservation planning and Sustainable Development of Yok Don National Park in 2010-2020,150pp. Chaiyo, U., Garivait,  S.,  Wanthongchai,  K., 2011: Carbon storage in Above-Ground Biomass of Tropical Deciduous Forest in Ratchaburi Province, Thailand. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, pp. 636-641.. Chave, J., Andalo, C., Brown, S., Cairns, M.A. et al., 2005:  Tree  allometry  and  improved  estimation  of  carbon  stocks  and  balance  in  tropical  forests. Oecologia Vol. 145, No. 1, pp. 87-99. Guide to the Kyoto Protocol to United Nations framework convention on climate change, 1998. Howarth, Wickware, 1981: Spatial analysis of land cover and land use in evaluating land degradation in Northwestern Al-Mafraq city, Jordan, pp. 55-62. IPCC, 2003: Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry. IPCC National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme Technical Support Unit.  Printed in Japan.ISBN 4-88788-003-0.2003, 590pp. IPCC, 2006: Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Volume 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use. Chapter 4. Forest land, 83 pp. Losi, C.J. et al., 2003: Analysis of alternative methods for estimating carbon stock in young tropical plantations. Forest Ecology and Management, 184(1-3): 355-368. Lu, D. S., 2006: The potential and challenge of remote sensing-based biomass estimation. International Journal of Remote Sensing. Vol. 27, No. 7,: 1297-1328. Luong, N.V., 2011: Essay to use remote sensing images to estimate biomass as a basis for calculating the amount of CO2 sequestration by vegetation cover in in Yok Don National Park, Highlands of Viet Nam.Scientific Conference "Research, development and application of space technology-2011".ISBN: 987-604-913-032-8. Hanoi. 9pp. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD).Circular 34/TT-BNN issued by (MARD) of Vietnamese government, 2009: Quy định tiêu chí xác định và phân loại rừng (in Vietnamese), translated by Luong N.V-Regulation on criteria for identifying and classifying forest (in English), 5, 3. Phat, N.K. et al., 2004 : Appropriate measures for conservation of terrestrial carbon stocks- Analysis of trends of forest management in Southeast Asia. Forest Ecology and Management, 191(1-3): 283-299. Thin, N. N. et al., 2007: The vegetation of Yok Don National Park, a special ecosystem in Central Highlands of Vietnam, 2007,6, 4-5. Trung, T. V.The tropical forest ecosystem in Vietnam.Science and Technics Publishing House, Hanoi. Chapter IV, 1998, 291pp. Trung, T.V.The vegetation cover in Vietnam. Science and Technics Publishing House, Hanoi. Chapter IV, V, 1978: 276 pp. UNESCO Paris, 1973. International classification and mapping of vegetation. Published by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. ISBN 92-3-001046-4 LC No.  72-96442, 1973, 102pp. UN-REDD in Vietnam programme, 2012: Guidelines on Destructive Measurement for Forest Biomass Estimation for technical staff use. (Version for discussion). UN-REDD Vietnam Programme, 2012: Tree allometric equation development for estimation of forest above-ground biomass in Viet Nam. Part A - Introduction and Background of the Study Viet Nam.

Developing a comprehensive quality control framework for roadway bridge management: a case study approach using key performance indicators

Transportation infrastructures, especially roadway bridges, play a pivotal role in socioeconomic development. Recently, bridge engineers are increasingly facing the challenge in terms of shifting their strategy from building new facilities to maintaining the existing aging infrastructures, to preserve their service performance during the operational stage. In fact, the infrastructure administrators lack a quality control (QC) strategy for the existing roadway bridges, which leads to the decision-making application and tool being still minor. To overcome those challenging issues, this paper proposes a quality control framework for roadway bridge management using key performance indicators (KPIs). The case study methodology is suggested to be used and then conducted for several bridges, mostly in European countries. In which the performance indicators (PIs) and goals (PGs) are defined, after assessing the bridges and vulnerable zones, the derivation KPIs from those PIs are introduced and developed considering time functions and different maintenance scenarios. Eventually, a two-stage quality control framework will be proposed in which the static stage includes preparatory works, inspection responsibilities, and a quick assessment of KPIs; while the dynamic stage helps the decision maker in estimating the time remaining of the bridge service life, managing the evolution of KPIs as well as planning the best possible maintenance strategy. The selected two case studies are present and curated, which show the excellent potential to develop a long-term strategy for roadway bridge management on a lifecycle level.This research was funded by FCT/MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC) from the R&D Unit Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering (ISISE), under the reference UIDB/04029/2020, and from the Associate Laboratory Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems ARISE, under the reference LA/P/0112/2020, as well as financial support of the project re-search “B2022-GHA-03” from the Ministry of Education and Training. And The APC was funded by ANI (“Agência Nacional de Inovação”) through the financial support given to the R&D Project “GOA Bridge Management System—Bridge Intelligence”, with reference PO-CI-01-0247- FEDER-069642, which was cofinanced by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) through the Operational Competitiveness and Internationalisation Program (POCI).Minh Q. Tran acknowledges the support by the doctoral grant reference PRT/BD/154268/2022, financed by Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), under the MIT Portugal Program (2022 MPP2030-FCT)