Silver nanowire networks: Physical properties and potential integration in solar cells

peer reviewedWith the growing interest in flexible electronics and the increased utilization of Indium Tin Oxide electrodes for display and photovoltaic applications the need for new materials is emerging. In this work we present the electro-optical properties of Ag nanowire networks as an alternative transparent conductive material. A comparison of different film deposition techniques is made and indicates that the properties of the network are independent of the fabrication method. Analysis of the electrical behavior as a function of nanowire density is made and compared with theoretical results as well as Monte Carlo simulations. Thermal annealing is shown to reduce the sheet resistance from 1000 Ω/sq to 8 Ω/sq; this reduction is achieved by local sintering of the nanowire junctions. Experimental optimization of Ag nanowire electrodes was undertaken and a peak in the electro-optical properties is observed at approximately 100 mg/m². Finally a discussion of the potential integration of Ag nanowire networks into solar cells is undertaken; we observe that these electrodes show promise as an emerging transparent conductive material, especially for flexible applications

As Quatro Irmãs de Caio Fernando Abreu

Este artigo pretende analisar a crônica As Quatro Irmãs (Psico‐antropologiafake) de Caio Fernando Abreu, na qual faz considerações a respeito dos quatrocomportamentos arquetípicos do universo gay masculino e suas relações com ocontexto social.Palavras‐chave: Caio Fernando Abreu – crônica – comportamento – homoafetividade – teoria social

As Quatro Irmãs de Caio Fernando Abreu

Este artigo pretende analisar a crônica As Quatro Irmãs (Psico"antropologiafake) de Caio Fernando Abreu, na qual faz considerações a respeito dos quatrocomportamentos arquetí­picos do universo gay masculino e suas relações com ocontexto social.Palavras"chave: Caio Fernando Abreu – crônica – comportamento – homoafetividade– teoria social

Calpain system protein expression in carcinomas of the pancreas, bile duct and ampulla

Background: Pancreatic cancer, including cancer of the ampulla of Vater and bile duct, is very aggressive and has a poor five year survival rate; improved methods of patient stratification are required. Methods: We assessed the expression of calpain-1, calpain-2 and calpastatin in two patient cohorts using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. The first cohort was composed of 68 pancreatic adenocarcinomas and the second cohort was composed of 120 cancers of the bile duct and ampulla. Results: In bile duct and ampullary carcinomas an association was observed between cytoplasmic calpastatin expression and patient age (P = 0.036), and between nuclear calpastatin expression and increased tumour stage (P = 0.026) and the presence of vascular invasion (P = 0.043). In pancreatic cancer, high calpain-2 expression was significantly associated with improved overall survival (P = 0.036), which remained significant in multivariate Cox-regression analysis (hazard ratio = 0.342; 95% confidence interva l = 0.157-0.741; P = 0.007). In cancers of the bile duct and ampulla, low cytoplasmic expression of calpastatin was significantly associated with poor overall survival (P = 0.012), which remained significant in multivariate Cox-regression analysis (hazard ratio = 0.595; 95% confidence interval = 0.365-0.968; P = 0.037). Conclusion: The results suggest that calpain-2 and calpastatin expression is important in pancreatic cancers, influencing disease progression. The findings of this study warrant a larger follow-up study. Keywords: Calpain, Calpastatin, Pancreas, Ampulla, Bile duct, Cance

Explorando programação híbrida no contexto de clusters de máquinas NUMA

Normalmente, utiliza-se o paradigma de troca de mensagens quando se está programando uma arquitetura do tipo cluster. Porém, quando se deseja programar uma máquina multiprocessada, é requirido o paradigma de memória compartilhada. Recentemente, o surgimento de novas tecnologias possibilitou a criação de clusters com nós multiprocessados. Nestas arquiteturas os nós são compostos por mais de um processador ou core, e compartilham a mesma memória. Este cenário, cria a possibilidade de usar novos modelos de programação híbrida. No amplo espectro de soluções possíveis para o desenvolvimento de código híbrido para clusters de máquinas multiprocessadas, a utilização da dupla MPI e OpenMP está emergindo como um padrão de fato. A maioria dos códigos híbridos MPI e OpenMP são baseados em um modelo de estrutura hierárquica, que torna possível a exploração de grãos grandes e médios de paralelismo no nível de MPI, e grão fino no paralelismo no nível do OpenMP. O objetivo é claramente tirar vantagens das melhores características de ambos os paradigmas de programação. Os nós desses clusters podem ainda ser máquinas NUMA (Non- Uniform Memory Access). Estas máquinas com acesso não uniforme à memória possibilitam que o desenvolvedor explore afinidade de memória, melhorando o desempenho da aplicação. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é investigar o uso de programação híbrida com MPI e OpenMP em clusters de máquinas NUMA, explorando afinidade de memória, visando identificar um conjunto de boas práticas de programação híbrida a serem utilizadas neste contexto.Typically, the message passing paradigm is the programming model used for cluster architectures. On the other hand, programming for multiprocessor architectures requires the shared memory paradigm. Recently, the emergence of new technologies enabled the creation of clusters with multiprocessor nodes. In these architectures, computing nodes are composed by more than one processor or core sharing the same memory. This scenario creates the possibility of using new hybrid programming models. In the spectrum of possible alternatives for hybrid programming for clusters of multiprocessors, the use of MPI along with OpenMP is emerging as a de-facto standard. Most hybrid MPI and OpenMP codes are based on hierarchical structure model, which allows exploring coarse and medium grain parallelism with MPI and fine grain parallelism with OpenMP. Clearly, the main idea is to take advantage of the best features of both programming paradigms. Additionally, the nodes of these clusters can be NUMA (Non-Uniform Memory Access) machines. These machines enable the developer to explore memory affinity, improving application performance. The main objective of this work is to investigate the use of hybrid programming with MPI and OpenMP in clusters of NUMA machines, exploiting memory affinity aiming at the identification of a set of good programming practices to be used in this context

2019 international consensus on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care science with treatment recommendations : summary from the basic life support; advanced life support; pediatric life support; neonatal life support; education, implementation, and teams; and first aid task forces

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation has initiated a continuous review of new, peer-reviewed, published cardiopulmonary resuscitation science. This is the third annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. It addresses the most recent published resuscitation evidence reviewed by International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Task Force science experts. This summary addresses the role of cardiac arrest centers and dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the role of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults and children, vasopressors in adults, advanced airway interventions in adults and children, targeted temperature management in children after cardiac arrest, initial oxygen concentration during resuscitation of newborns, and interventions for presyncope by first aid providers. Members from 6 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the certainty of the evidence on the basis of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in the Justification and Evidence to Decision Framework Highlights sections. The task forces also listed priority knowledge gaps for further research

From Science to Guidelines: The Future for Resuscitation

The periodic development and publication of treatment guidelines is integral to the field of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. The methods for guideline development have evolved over the past few decades, and the process itself has become the subject of increasing scientific investigation. An internationally validated tool for assessing the quality of clinical practice guidelines is The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) instrument. Applying this tool to the ILCOR 2010 International Consensus on CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) and ECC (emergency cardiac care) Science with Treatment Recommendations (CoSTR) and the resulting member council guidelines will be a valuable initial step in evaluating both the process and the product. By doing so, important strengths can be recognized as well as opportunities for improvement moving forward. Beyond validated tools to assess and improve the quality of the traditional guidelines process, a critical reassessment of the overall strategy for improving cardiac arrest outcomes is indicated. From the lay-provider perspective, innovative approaches to facilitate performance of bystander CPR are needed. This is likely to entail more individualized instructional methods that are titrated to the provider’s capabilities for learning and performance. What the future might hold for professional providers is a more individualized treatment strategy titrated to real-time physiologic monitoring with mechanized delivery of therapies guided by real-time computer-aided medical decision-making. These individualized instructional and treatment strategies could revolutionize our approach to cardiac arrest resuscitation, and dramatically change how guidelines are developed, implemented and evaluated