A comprehensive review of solar photovoltaic hybrid food drying systems

Gunes, Neslihan Colak/0000-0002-0868-0448; Tavman, Sebnem/0000-0002-3069-1709; Barisik Marasli, Damla/0000-0003-0105-0467WOS:000609569300001PubMed: 33480259Demand for all resources, especially food, water, and energy, has increased with the rapid increase in the world population. These resources are limited and not enough for the growing population of the world. Therefore, the food-energy-water nexus approach has gained much attention in recent years. Less energy and water consumption and less waste generation became the target for the more sustainable food production. Qualitative and quantitative losses in agricultural commodities growing in rural areas depend both on the structure of foods and incorrect or inadequate process applied to postharvest operations to preserve food. Therefore, drying is the most preferred food preservation method. To minimize the energy consumption during drying process, renewable energy technologies are emerging as an alternative solution. It reduces dependency of fossil fuels, adds value to agricultural products to meet the increasing demand, and minimizes qualitative and quantitative losses. in this work, theoretical and experimental studies of photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) or photovoltaic (PV) integrated food-drying systems were comprehensively reviewed. The researches covered in this review are classified into three groups: PV module integrated, PV/T collector-assisted food-drying systems, and PV/T-assisted heat pump-drying systems.Ege University Planning and Monitoring Coordination of Organizational Development; Directorate of Library and DocumentationWe are grateful to Ege University Planning and Monitoring Coordination of Organizational Development and Directorate of Library and Documentation for their support in editing and proofreading service of this study. We would like to thank Enago (www.enago.com) for the English language review. We also thanks to our colleague Dr. Hasan Sarptas for his support in creating the map in Figure 6

A review of gas engine driven heat pumps (GEHPs) for residential and industrial applications

WOS: 000260972200004This study reviews gas engine-driven heat pump (GEHP) systems for residential and industrial applications in terms of energetic and exergetic aspects for the first time to the best of the authors' knowledge. These systems are novel heat pump systems (one of today's promising new technologies). Although the first investigations had been performed at late 1970s, the first merchandized GEHP was produced and introduced in the market in 1985. Gradually, it has become widespread all over the world for various purposes. Main application of GEHPs are for space and water heating/cooling purposes. However, they call be integrated to industrial applications, especially to drying processes. In this study, historical development of GEHP systems was briefly given first. Next, the operation of these systems was described, while studies conducted on them were reviewed and presented in tabulated forms. GEHPs were then modeled for performance evaluation purposes by using energy and exergy analysis methods. Finally, an illustrative example was given, while the results obtained were discussed. In addition, a new project on integration of GEHP systems to food drying processes in Turkey initiated by the authors was introduced. It is expected that this comprehensive study will be very beneficial to everyone involved or interested in the energetic and exergetic design, simulation, analysis and performance of assessment of GEHP systems. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [106M482]The authors are grateful for the financial support provided for the project entitled "Design, test and performance evaluation of a gas engine driven solar assisted band conveyor heat pump drying system" under Project No. of 106M482 by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)

A review of gas engine driven heat pumps (GEHPs) for residential and industrial applications

This study reviews gas engine-driven heat pump (GEHP) systems for residential and industrial applications in terms of energetic and exergetic aspects for the first time to the best of the authors' knowledge. These systems are novel heat pump systems (one of today's promising new technologies). Although the first investigations had been performed at late 1970s, the first merchandized GEHP was produced and introduced in the market in 1985. Gradually, it has become widespread all over the world for various purposes. Main application of GEHPs are for space and water heating/cooling purposes. However, they can be integrated to industrial applications, especially to drying processes. In this study, historical development of GEHP systems was briefly given first. Next, the operation of these systems was described, while studies conducted on them were reviewed and presented in tabulated forms. GEHPs were then modeled for performance evaluation purposes by using energy and exergy analysis methods. Finally, an illustrative example was given, while the results obtained were discussed. In addition, a new project on integration of GEHP systems to food drying processes in Turkey initiated by the authors was introduced. It is expected that this comprehensive study will be very beneficial to everyone involved or interested in the energetic and exergetic design, simulation, analysis and performance of assessment of GEHP systems.Gas engine heat pump Gas engine driven heat pumps Heat pumps Exergy Sustainable development

Structure-Based Hybridization, Conventional and Microwave Irradiated Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies of New Compounds Derived from Thiomorpholin

WOS: 000395679300007Background: The amine 2 obtained via two steps starting from thiomorpholine was converted into the corresponding 1,3-thiazole (4), arylmethileneamino (5a- d) and hydrazide (7) derivatives using conventional and also microwave techniques. The synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazole (8), arylidenenhydrazide (9a-c) and carbothioamides (10a,b) was performed with the treatment of 7 with CS2, suitable amines and suitable isothiocyanates, respectively. Method: Moreover, the treatment of compounds 10a, b with ethylbromoacetate, 2-bromo-1-(4-chlorophenyl) ethanone, conc. H2SO4 and NaOH yielded the corresponding, 1,3-thiazolidinone (11a,b), 1,3-thiazole (12), 1,3,4-thiadiazole (13a,b) and 1,2,4-triazole (14) derivatives, respectively, by either conventional or microwave mediated conditions. The one-pot three component synthesis of fluoroquinolone derivatives (15a,b and 16) was performed by condensation between compounds 8 and 14 with norfloxacine and ciprofloxacine under conventional or microwave irradiation conditions. Results: The effects of different catalysts, solvents and microwave powers on conventional and microwave-prompted reactions was also examined. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial, enzyme inhibition and antioxidant activities. Molecular docking of some of the synthesized compounds into the active sites of lipase, alpha-glucosidase and urease was also carried out in order to predict the binding affinity and non-covalent interactions between them.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [113Z181]The support provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, Project no: 113Z181) is gratefully acknowledged

Conventional and Microwave-assisted Total Synthesis, Antioxidant Capacity, Biological Activity, and Molecular Docking Studies of New Hybrid Compounds

WOS: 000401732500011Thiomorpholine was converted to the corresponding 1,3,4-oxadiazole (4), arylidenehydrazide (5a-e), and 1,2,4-triazole (7a and, 7b) derivatives via the formation of hydrazide (3). Compounds 4 and 7 were next converted to the corresponding Mannich bases containing piperidin, beta-lactam, fluoroquinolone, piperazine, or morpholine core. Conventional and microwave-assisted methods were used for all syntheses. The effect of acid catalyst on Mannich reactions was also investigated. All the newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial, antiglucosidase, antilipase, anti-urease, and antioxidant activities. Most exhibited good-moderate antibacterial and/or antifungal activity. Docking of some of the synthesized compounds into the active sites of lipase, alpha-glucosidase, and urease was carried out in order to predict the binding affinities and noncovalent interactions stabilizing the enzyme-ligand complexes. Docking results complemented well the experimental results on inhibitory effects of compounds. Higher binding affinities were observed for active compounds in contrary to inactive ones.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [113Z181]The support provided by Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, Project no: 113Z181) is greatly appreciated

Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet syndrome: Outcomes for patients admitted to intensive care at a tertiary referral hospital

Purpose: The aim was to assess outcomes for pregnancies in which hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet (HELLP) syndrome develops and the patient requires transfer for critical care. Materials and Methods: The cases of women with HELLP syndrome who delivered at our tertiary center or surrounding hospitals and were admitted to the intensive care between January 2007 and July 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Results were compared for the surviving and non-surviving patients. Results: Among the 77 women with HELLP syndrome, maternal mortality rate was 14% and 24 (30%) of 81 fetuses and newborns died in the perinatal period. The most common maternal complications were disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (n = 22; 29%), acute renal failure (n = 19; 25%), and postpartum hemorrhage (n = 16; 21%). Compared with surviving women, the non-surviving women had higher mean international normalized ratio (INR) (p < 0.0001); higher mean serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p < 0.0001); higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p < 0.0001); higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (p < 0.0001), and higher bilirubin (p = 0.040) levels; and lower platelet count (p = 0.005). Conclusion: DIC is a major risk factor for maternal outcome among patients with HELLP syndrome who require intensive care. Low platelet count; high AST, ALT, LDH, INR; and total bilirubin are associated with high mortality risk in this patient group. In addition, low platelet count; low fibrinogen level; prolonged activated thromboplastin time; high INR; and high total bilirubin, LDH, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine are associated with high risk for complications in this patient group

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase intron 4a/b polymorphism and early atherosclerotic changes in hypopituitary GH-deficient adult patients.

Objective: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) intron 4a/b polymorphism is associated with plasma NO concentrations and coronary artery disease/hypertension in various populations. GH deficiency in adulthood predisposes to reduced NO concentrations and premature atherosclerosis. Our aim was to determine whether intron 4a/b polymorphism of eNOS gene influences endothelial function and early atherosclerotic changes in GH-deficient hypopituitary patients