The short form endometriosis health profile (EHP-5): translation and validation study of the Iranian version

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Endometriosis Health Profile (EHP-5) is a valid instrument to measure health-related quality of life in endometriosis. This study was conducted to culturally adapt and validate the EHP-5 in Iran.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Using a standard "forward-backward' translation procedure, the English language version of the questionnaire was translated into Persian (Iranian language). Then a sample of 199 women aged 18-50 years completed the questionnaire. To test reliability the internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Validity was evaluated using known groups comparison.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The mean age of respondents was 31.4 (SD = 5.4) years. Reliability analysis showed satisfactory result (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.71). The questionnaire discriminated well between sub-groups of women differing in infertility and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in the expected direction.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This preliminary validation study of the Iranian version of the EHP-5 proved that it is an acceptable, reliable and valid measure of quality of life in endometriosis patients.</p

Modelling the Effects of Al2O3-SiO2 Nanocomposite Additive in Biodiesel–Diesel Fuel on Diesel Engine Performance Using Hybrid ANN-ABC

Yearly, large amounts of waste cooking oil are produced, which are discharged to urban sewage system. However, majority of them is recyclable and can be re-used as biodiesel fuel. When using biodiesel fuels, one way to improve the engine performance is to use nano additives. This study investigates the biodiesel fuel with different ratios of Al2O3-SiO2 nanocomposite additive (Al0%-Si100%, Al25%-Si75%, Al50%-Si50%, Al75%-Si25% and Al100%-Si0%) at full load and four different nanocomposite concentrations (30, 60, 90 and 120 ppm). The Hybrid ANN-ABC modelling was conducted for two cases: a) finding and applying the most effective properties as network inputs; and b) total properties as inputs showed that the most effective properties have higher performance. The fuels B5Al60Si60 and B5Al9Si21 showed the highest brake power; the fuels B5Al0Si60 and B5Al120Si0 showed the lowest brake power, indicating that the interactions of nanoparticles in the composite mode had positive effects on brake power. The performance improvement using nano-composite additive was more than that of the nanoparticles individually