Conditional entropy of glueball states

The conditional entropy of glueball states is calculated using a holographic description. Glueball states are represented by a supergravity dual picture, consisting of a 5-dimensional graviton-dilaton action of a dynamical holographic AdS/QCD model. The conditional entropy is studied as a function of the glueball spin and of the mass, providing information about the stability of the glueball states.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

The Dwarf Spheroidal Companions to M31: WFPC2 Observations of Andromeda I

Images have been obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 camera of Andromeda I, a dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxy that lies in the outer halo of M31. The resulting color-magnitude diagrams reveal for the first time the morphology of the horizontal branch in this system. We find that, in a similar fashion to many of the galactic dSph companions, the horizontal branch (HB) of And~I is predominantly red. Combined with the metal abundance of this dSph, this red HB morphology indicates that And I can be classified as a ``second parameter'' system in the outer halo of M31. This result then supports the hypothesis that the outer halo of M31 formed in the same extended chaotic manner as is postulated for the outer halo of the Galaxy.Comment: 26 pages using aas2pp4.sty, including 2 tables and 7 figures, to be published in AJ. Figure 1 is in gif form. To include in main ps file, use xv to create a ps file called Da_Costa.fig1.ps and uncomment appropriate lines in .tex fil

Wetting of cholesteric liquid crystals

We investigate theoretically the wetting properties of cholesteric liquid crystals at a planar substrate. If the properties of substrate and of the interface are such that the cholesteric layers are not distorted the wetting properties are similar to those of a nematic liquid crystal. If, on the other hand, the anchoring conditions force the distortion of the liquid crystal layers the wetting properties are altered, the free cholesteric-isotropic interface is non-planar and there is a layer of topological defects close to the substrate. These deformations can either promote or hinder the wetting of the substrate by a cholesteric, depending on the properties of the cholesteric liquid crystal

Electrostatic Repulsion of Positively Charged Vesicles and Negatively Charged Objects

A positively charged, mixed bilayer vesicle in the presence of negatively charged surfaces (for example, colloidal particles) can spontaneously partition into an adhesion zone of definite area, and another zone that repels additional negative objects. Although the membrane itself has nonnegative charge in the repulsive zone, negative counterions on the interior of the vesicle spontaneously aggregate there, and present a net negative charge to the exterior. Beyond the fundamental result that oppositely charged objects can repel, our mechanism helps explain recent experiments on surfactant vesicles.Comment: Latex using epsfig and afterpage; pdf available at http://www.physics.upenn.edu/~nelson/Mss/repel.pd

Beauty beyond aesthetics: the abstract thought and the universal language of the natural world to the Sumerian/roman farmer’s eyes

Signs of meaning - visual marks that identify individual characteristics of an image that can carry a crystalized meaning. For example, in a landscape described as having a lot of fruit trees, we have the sign of quantity and the sign of fertility, materialized by the fruits. A sign is neither positive neither negative. It just marks a specific characteristic that compounds the symbol. For each sign, we identify just one exact semantic value.Symbol - A symbol corresponds to a compounding of signs. Those signs can be selected in order to construct a complex symbol or a traditional symbol.Traditional symbol - When the compounding of crystalized signs of meaning expresses all the semantic extension of the symbolic image. It represents abstractly an original image that served as basis to the symbolic construction, which is present in the collective mind. The symbolic image is of spontaneous interpretation and is dependent of an empirical knowledge on natural world.Complex symbol or literary symbol - when there is a selective compounding of crystalized signs, in order to construct a symbol, which meaning is dependent of the context.  Gravitating signs on beauty abstract concept:Lexicon:uru (na-ur11-ru) – to sowše - barleyab-sin2 (ab-sin2-na) - furrowgu - flaxsar (sar-ra) - garden-be

PREVALÊNCIA DE LESÕES ESPORTIVAS EM PRATICANTES DE BRAZILIAN JIU-JITSU DA GRANDE FLORIANÓPOLIS

O Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (BJJ) tem como objetivo dominar o adversário e, através de técnicas específicas (estrangulamentos e chaves articulares), buscar a finalização ou desistência do oponente. Por ser um esporte de contato, que possui diferentes características e ações motoras, os praticantes estão sujeitos a sofrerem lesões. Exposto isso, o objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a prevalência de lesões esportivas em praticantes de BJJ do sexo masculino e feminino da Grande Florianópolis. Participaram desse estudo 120 praticantes de BJJ, 108 do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 28,14 ± 6,87 anos e graduação de faixa branca à preta, além de 12 praticantes do sexo feminino com média de idade de 23,5 ± 7,48 anos e graduação entre faixa branca e azul. Como instrumento foi utilizado um questionário desenvolvido por Santos et al. (2007) e adaptado para a modalidade de BJJ para investigar o perfil e o histórico de lesões de praticantes. Foi utilizado o teste t de Student para amostras independentes para comparar a prevalência de lesão entre iniciantes e avançados e entre os sexos com p<0,05. Os principais resultados apontaram maior prevalência de lesões no grupo masculino avançado quando comparado aos iniciantes nos joelhos, tornozelos, cotovelos, dedos e pés (p<0,05) e maior prevalência para os homens quando comparado às mulheres em todas as regiões (p<0,05). Além disso, foi demonstrado que 87% dos homens e 66,7% das mulheres possuíram algum tipo de lesão ao longo da carreira esportiva. No grupo masculino a região com maior prevalência foi o joelho, seguido dos dedos e do ombro. Já para o grupo feminino, as regiões mais afetadas foram os dedos, tornozelo e cotovelo. Pode-se concluir que praticantes de BJJ de ambos os sexos estão sujeitos às lesões devido as características da sua modalidade. Praticantes avançados têm maior prevalência de lesão comparando a iniciantes em determinados segmentos, além de que os homens têm maior prevalência de lesões quando comparado às mulheres em todas as regiões analisadas