Ideas-driven endogenous growth and standard-essential patents

In this paper, we study the impact of standard-essential status for patents on production possibilities of the economy and long-term growth. As we show, the innovators’ risk of losing the standard-setting game ex-ante attenuates the anticipation of a larger market share. Moreover, when the discovery rate of new technologies is smaller than the discounting rate of the monopoly profits, standards and standard- essential patents tend to be growth-reducing, despite a conjectured positive contribution of standards to the marginal productivity of human capital. Market failures associated with patent abuse have been treated historically by various measures ranging from compulsory licensing to imposing reasonable and non-discriminatory (FRAND) pricing on essential technologies. We show that mandated compulsory licensing has a negative impact on long-term growth, while a voluntary FRAND pricing together with faster rates of follow-up innovations may be growth-enhancing

Kinetics of dislocation ensembles in deformable irradiated materials

The development of plastic instability in the initial deformation stages of irradiated materials is studied. The dependence of the fraction of dislocations which overcome obstacles in the dynamic regime (dislocation ‘‘channeling’’) on the degree of radiation hardening (irradiation dose) and the dislocation velocity is analyzed. It is shown that this effect plays a role in radiation embrittlement of reactor materialsyesBelgorod State Universit

Role of internal stresses in the localization of plastic flow of irradiated materials

The collective behavior of dislocations in irradiated materials is studied using the kinetic equation for the dislocation density, taking account of a Burgers-type nonlinearity. It is shown that the degree of dislocation localization in slip bands is higher in the irradiated materials than in the unirradiated materialsyesBelgorod State Universit

Kinetics of variation of electrical resistance and yield strength in technically pure nickel due to loading in the elastic range at 300-77 K

Results of a study of the variation in yield strength and electrical resistance of technically pure nickel in different initial structural states as a function of the test temperature and applied stress are presented. Possible mechanisms affecting the physical and mechanical properties of the studied nickel are explainedyesBelgorod State Universit

Effect of strain aging on physical and mechanical properties of austenitic chromium-nickel steel

The processes occurring in chromium-nickel steel 08Kh18N10T due to strain aging are studied. The tensile mechanical properties are determined. Relaxation tests and metallographic and x-ray diffraction analyses are performed. The internal energy state of the steel is estimated with the help of acoustic emissionyesBelgorod State Universit

Effect of pulse flows of charged particles on the structure and mechanical properties of metals

We investigate the effect of pulse flows of hydrogen, helium, and hydrogen-helium plasma of a specific power of 20-30 GW/m² on the surface structure and mechanical properties of vanadium, niobium, and Kh16N15M3B and Kh18N10T austenitic stainless steelsyesBelgorod State Universit