5,112 research outputs found
RUNX oncoproteins and miRNA networks
News on: An AML1-ETO/miR-29b-1 regulatory circuit modulates phenotypic properties of acute myeloid leukemia cells by Zaidi et
al. Oncotarget. 2017; 8:39994-40005. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.18127
Measuring nonlinear stresses generated by defects in 3D colloidal crystals
The mechanical, structural and functional properties of crystals are
determined by their defects and the distribution of stresses surrounding these
defects has broad implications for the understanding of transport phenomena.
When the defect density rises to levels routinely found in real-world
materials, transport is governed by local stresses that are predominantly
nonlinear. Such stress fields however, cannot be measured using conventional
bulk and local measurement techniques. Here, we report direct and spatially
resolved experimental measurements of the nonlinear stresses surrounding
colloidal crystalline defect cores, and show that the stresses at vacancy cores
generate attractive interactions between them. We also directly visualize the
softening of crystalline regions surrounding dislocation cores, and find that
stress fluctuations in quiescent polycrystals are uniformly distributed rather
than localized at grain boundaries, as is the case in strained atomic
polycrystals. Nonlinear stress measurements have important implications for
strain hardening, yield, and fatigue.Comment: in Nature Materials (2016
E151 (sym15), A Pleiotropic Mutant of Pea (Pisum sativum L.), Displays Low Nodule Number, Enhanced Mycorrhizae, Delayed Lateral Root Emergence, and High Root Cytokinin Levels
In legumes, the formation of rhizobial and mycorrhizal root symbioses is a highly regulated process which requires close communication between plant and microorganism. Plant mutants that have difficulties establishing symbioses are valuable tools for unravelling the mechanisms by which these symbioses are formed and regulated. Here E151, a mutant of Pisum sativum cv. Sparkle, was examined to characterize its root growth and symbiotic defects. The symbioses in terms of colonization intensity, functionality of micro-symbionts, and organ dominance were compared between the mutant and wild type. The endogenous cytokinin (CK) and abscisic acid (ABA) levels and the effect of the exogenous application of these two hormones were determined. E151 was found to be a low and delayed nodulator, exhibiting defects in both the epidermal and cortical programmes though a few mature and functional nodules develop. Mycorrhizal colonization of E151 was intensified, although the fungal functionality was impaired. Furthermore, E151 displayed an altered lateral root (LR) phenotype compared with that of the wild type whereby LR emergence is initially delayed but eventually overcome. No differences in ABA levels were found between the mutant and the wild type, but non-inoculated E151 exhibited significantly high CK levels. It is hypothesized that CK plays an essential role in differentially mediating the entry of the two micro-symbionts into the cortex; whereas it would inhibit the entry of the rhizobia in that tissue, it would promote that of the fungus. E151 is a developmental mutant which may prove to be a useful tool in further understanding the role of hormones in the regulation of beneficial root symbioses
Progressive Neural Networks
Learning to solve complex sequences of tasks--while both leveraging transfer
and avoiding catastrophic forgetting--remains a key obstacle to achieving
human-level intelligence. The progressive networks approach represents a step
forward in this direction: they are immune to forgetting and can leverage prior
knowledge via lateral connections to previously learned features. We evaluate
this architecture extensively on a wide variety of reinforcement learning tasks
(Atari and 3D maze games), and show that it outperforms common baselines based
on pretraining and finetuning. Using a novel sensitivity measure, we
demonstrate that transfer occurs at both low-level sensory and high-level
control layers of the learned policy
Axial Load Capacity of Sheeted C and Z Members
An equation is developed for calculating the axial load capacity of C and Z shaped members used in roof or wall systems. The equations were determined to be valid for through fastened metal decking but not standing seam roof decking
Code wars: steganography, signals intelligence, and terrorism
This paper describes and discusses the process of secret communication known as steganography. The argument advanced here is that terrorists are unlikely to be employing digital steganography to facilitate secret intra-group communication as has been claimed. This is because terrorist use of digital steganography is both technically and operationally implausible. The position adopted in this paper is that terrorists are likely to employ low-tech steganography such as semagrams and null ciphers instead
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