Prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical carcinoma in a tertiary care hospital at Rajshahi

Background: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is a precancerous cervical condition with the potential to develop into cervical carcinoma if untreated. While research on CIN and cervical carcinoma exists in various regions, the Rajshahi area lacks such investigations. Examining the prevalence of CIN and cervical carcinoma in this region is essential. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of CIN and cervical carcinoma in a tertiary care hospital at Rajshahi in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the department of pathology, Rajshahi medical college, and the department of gynaecology and obstetrics, Rajshahi medical college hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh from July 2019 to June 2022. A total of 1000 VIA test-positive cases of cervical lesions were enrolled as study subjects purposively. Data were processed and analyzed by the MS office tools. Results: Cervical carcinoma was identified through cytological analysis in 4.6% of cases, with 7.6% exhibiting high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and 13.1% showing low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL). Through histopathological analysis, cervical carcinoma found in 5.3% of cases, CIN-grade III (CIN-III) in 7.1%, and CIN-II and CIN-I in 2.2%, 16.4% of cases, respectively. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rate was 0.70%. Conclusions: The prevalence of CIN and cervical carcinoma in the Rajshahi region of Bangladesh is alarmingly high. These findings underscore the pressing need for the immediate implementation of a comprehensive vaccination and awareness development program for cervical carcinoma

Occurrence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in pond water associated with integrated poultry-fish farming in Bangladesh

The use of antibiotics in poultry feed can cause antibiotic resistance in integrated poultry-fish farming pond environment. Therefore, the goal of this study was to monitor the prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria in pond water associated with poultry-fish farming in Bangladesh. The results showed that the prevalence rate of tetracycline (TC) and ampicillin (AMP) resistant bacteria were 0.24 to 2.59% and 0.16 to 1.0%, respectively. The higher prevalence rate of TC and AMP-resistant bacteria was found in site 3 followed by site 4 and 2 compared with control site 1. Site 2, 3 and 4 were adjacent to the integrated poultry farm. On the other hand, higher TC and AMP-resistant bacteria were found in the rainy season than in the winter. The minimum inhibitory concentration result showed quite high level of TC and AMP-resistant bacterial distribution in the pond water. Seven genera of resistant bacteri¡a were identified in pond water samples by 16S rRNA gene analysis. Among them Acinetobacter sp. was predominant followed by Enterococcus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus, Staphylococcus sp., Enterobacter sp. and Brevibacillus sp

DISTRIBUTION OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA IN SWAMPS AND IT’S INFECTION TO OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS

The bacterial load, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and their artificial infection to Oreochromis niloticus were studied in water of four swamps in the Rajshahi University campus during November, 2001 to October, 2002. The load of P. aeruginosa was found to vary from 6.80×10 5 to 5.08×10 6 ml-1. In artificial infection to Oreochromis niloticus, the mortality rates was recorded at 90, 50, 30, 20 and 0 % at 1.92 × 10 8, 1.92×10 7, 1.92×10 6 1.92×10 5 and 1.92×10 4 CFU fish ml-1, respectively. The average bacterial load in the swamps (1.92×10 6 CFU ml-1) was slightly higher than that prevailed in the control pond (1.90×10 6 CFU ml-1). Swamps can be utilized at the present bacterial load for the fish culture