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The excessive growth of cities and unbalanced growth of them which is resulted from immigrations and IJSER population growth are the main problems of Iran urban network. These problems lead to the excessive population density, the increase of construction activities, physical development of urban centers, and destruction of the natural ecosystem. The present paper intends to study the role of population change in spatial development of Zahedan between 2001 and 2011 in Iran. According to the research studies, the residents’ information is processed in SPSS environment and via T-test, one-sample test, and Phi and Cramer’s V test. The results indicate that the mean of effective economic and political factors in Zahedan, the mean of the number of organizations, and the mean of population equals 3.47 and it is higher than the theoretical mean equal to 3. The level of significance of the test is less than 0.05 (sig = 0.000). In other words, economic and political factors influence Zahedan population development and it indicates that 61.4 percent of immigrant