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Not AvailableSeed moisture content is significant in the handling, storage and processing of seeds. This study was carried out to determine the physical properties of green gram seeds as function of seed moisture content in the moisture range of 6-24% dry basis (d.b). The average length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, thousand grain mass, angle of repose and water activity increase as the moisture content increased from 6 to 24% (d.b) and the sphericity was found to decrease from 0.928 to 0.625. Also bulk density was found to decrease from 1096 to 913.34 kg m-3 , whereas true density decreased from 1369.5 to 1237 kg m-3 , while the porosity was found to increase from 18.09 to 30.73%. The static co-efficient of friction of green gram increased against various surfaces such as, wood, glass, GI sheet and mild steel sheet, as the moisture content increased from 6 to 24% (db.).Not Availabl

Moisture-dependent engineering properties of SML-668 variety of green gram

Not AvailableSeed moisture content is significant in the handling, storage and processing of seeds. This study was carried out to determine the physical properties of green gram seeds as function of seed moisture content in the moisture range of 6-24% dry basis (d.b). The average length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, thousand grain mass, angle of repose and water activity increase as the moisture content increased from 6 to 24% (d.b) and the sphericity was found to decrease from 0.928 to 0.625. Also bulk density was found to decrease from 1096 to 913.34 kg m-3, whereas true density decreased from 1369.5 to 1237 kg m-3, while the porosity was found to increase from 18.09 to 30.73%. The static co -efficient of friction of green gram increased against various surfaces such as, wood,glass, GI sheet and mild steel sheet, as the moisture content increased from 6 to 24% (db.)Not Availabl

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Not AvailableAfter storage, paddy is milled to obtain rice for direct consumption or to produce value-added products. The processing technologies vary depending on the end-product requirement, but most include the basic steps of cleaning, drying, parboiling, drying, and milling. Moisture content of paddy plays a major role during processing and high-moisture paddy should be sufficiently dried before storage. Parboiling improves the milling quality and nutritional content of paddy. More than 60% of the Indian population consumes parboiled rice, which is prevalent in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, West Bengal, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, and Karnataka.Primary processing, such as cleaning and grading, can ensure a higher price for paddy, as well as lead to the development and commercialization of many value- added products, such as brown rice, germinated brown rice, extruded food, RTE, and RTC rice. Ready-made mixes (i.e., dosa and idli) and noodles are just some examples of products that have huge potential in the export market. Rice milk has economic importance, especially if prepared from traditional colored rice. Even though laboratory-level technology is available, commercial technology to produce rice milk with a longer shelf life is needed. Suitable modern machinery for value-added products in both small scale and industrial scale is required, as well as standardization of technologies for the production of higher nutritional and functional foods.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableLow tunnel protected cultivation of organically grown strawberry (winter dawn) was carried out to standardize the cladding material and the height of structure for enhancing the yield and post-harvest quality in Punjab North India. Three different design of low tunnels i.e. three different heights; 45 cm, 60 cm and 75 cm and three claddings; thin plastic film (50 microns), UV stabilised plastic sheet (200 microns) and non-woven film (20 GSM) were used in the trials. Microclimate parameters, soil moisture and soil temperature inside the installed structures were analyzed throughout the experiments. The maximum yield of crop, number of fruits (45), maximum weight (28g) was observed in the tunnel of size 45 cm with non-woven 20 GSM followed by UV 200 micron of 60 cm height and minimum values were observed in other structures and open. All the tunnels maintained favourable soil and canopy temperature for the growth of crop and it was observed that crop grown inside tunnels were protected from any kind of frost injury and exhibited better post-harvest quality than the strawberry grown in open.Not Availabl

Moisture-dependent engineering properties of SML-668 variety of green gram

Not AvailableSeed moisture content is significant in the handling, storage and processing of seeds. This study was carried out to determine the physical properties of green gram seeds as function of seed moisture content in the moisture range of 6-24% dry basis (d.b). The average length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, thousand grain mass, angle of repose and water activity increase as the moisture content increased from 6 to 24% (d.b) and the sphericity was found to decrease from 0.928 to 0.625. Also bulk density was found to decrease from 1096 to 913.34 kg m-3 , whereas true density decreased from 1369.5 to 1237 kg m-3 , while the porosity was found to increase from 18.09 to 30.73%. The static co-efficient of friction of green gram increased against various surfaces such as, wood, glass, GI sheet and mild steel sheet, as the moisture content increased from 6 to 24% (db.).ICA

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Not AvailableIndia supports nearly 16% of world's population with 2.4% land resource and 4% water resource and lately the dwindling quality and the vagaries of the availability of these resources are raising serious questions on the sustainability of the agricultural practice.As much as 50%-60% ereal grains can be lost during the storage stage lack of technical scientific storage methods can reduce these losses to as low as 1%-2%. Storage losses constitute a major share of food grain loss in postproduction operations. Use of Shade net structure of 70% with evaporative cooling is popular for short term storage of farm produce. Similarly Polyhouse dryers can be used for drying of fresh produce for safe storage with better post harvest quality. Foldable plastic box was superior for fruits and vegetable transportation with minimum losses. Such kind of Plasticulture technologies required for assistance in second green revolution in post harvest sectorNot Availabl

Microwave vs conventional popping system: A comparative evaluation for maize popping

Not AvailableMicrowave popping has vast and substitute technology in the field of food popping process over the conventional popping process for food grains such as maize, rice, sorghum etc. Basically, microwave processing is being performed by electromagnetic radiations with a microwave frequency of approximately 2,450 megahertz (MHz) and the main principle behind the food heating is dielectric heating which is absorbed by food material which have moisture content as a one component. This is the only one food processing operation which transfers the energy from inside to outside of the food items due to its volumetric heating rather than conventional heating source which transfers heat from outside to inside with temperature gradient and heat loss (based on conduction principle). In this article, studies on comparative analysis of popping characteristics were extensively done for poppable variety of maize grains using microwave radiation as heat source and existing conduction principle. Popping is a simultaneous starch gelatinization and HTST expansion process. This study aimed at providing brief knowledge on popping characteristics of maize grains such as popping yield and volume expansion ratio for obtaining high popping characteristics in best suitable method. It was found that popping characteristics (such as popping yield-85.62% to 90% mean of 87.81% and Volume Expansion Ratio - 6 to 8 folds) of American maize as compare to batch type of popping machine with popping yield-62% to 75% mean of 68.50 % and Volume Expansion (Ratio – 5 to 6 folds). These results were highest in microwave popping with less input of electric energy.ICAR CIPHET Ludhian

ICAR Sponsored- winter school

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XV Annual Workshop of AICRP on PET held at ICAR CIFA Bhubaneshwar

Not AvailableApplication of plastics in agriculture for protected cultivation, aquaculture, and animal husbandry for enhancing farmers income, production, and productivityNot Availabl

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Not AvailableMulching may be defined as a practice of covering the surface of soil with any materials to reduce evaporation and also reduce too much fluctuation in diurnal soil temperatures near the root zone of plant. Mulching is a general term used for a protective soil cover by use of organic manure, leaves, straw, grasses, synthetic plastics etc. It reduces the transpiration and evaporation loss and also reduces energy supply to the evaporating site by cutting off solar radiation falling on the ground.Not Availabl