Implementation Models of CompassionateCommunities and Compassionate Cities at the End ofLife: A Systematic Review

In the last decade, we have seen a growth of Compassionate Communities and Cities (CCC)at the end of life. There has been an evolution of organizations that help construct Community-BasedPalliative Care programs. The objective is to analyze the implementation, methodology andeffectiveness of the CCC models at the end of life. We conducted a systematic review followingPRISMA ScR Guideline. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42017068501). Five databases(MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL and Google Scholar) were searched for studies (from2000 to 2018) using set eligibility criteria. Three reviewers screened full-texts articles and extractedstudy data. Outcomes were filled in a registration form which included a narrative synthesis of eacharticle. We screened 1975 records. We retrieved 112 articles and included 31 articles for the finalanalysis: 17 descriptive studies, 4 interventions studies, 4 reviews and 6 qualitative studies. A total of11 studies regard the development models of CCC at the end of life, 15 studies were about evaluationof compassionate communities’ programs and 5 studies were about protocols for the development ofCCC programs. There is poor evidence of the implementation and evaluation models of CCC at theend of life. There is little and low-/very low-quality evidence about CCC development and assessmentmodels. We found no data published on care intervention in advance disease and end of life. A globalmodel for the development and evaluation of CCC at the end of life seems to be necessay