Ticks (ixodida) and mites (mesostigmata) parasites of sigmodontine rodents in the Delta of Paraná river, Argentina.

Se determinaron las especies de garrapatas y ácaros mesostigmata parásitos de roedores sigmodontinos en una localidad del Delta del Paraná. Fueron registradas 38 asociaciones parásito-hospedador entre dos especies de garrapatas y cinco especies de ácaros con seis especies de roedores, que mostraron una distribución agregada de sus parásitos. Dos de las asociaciones (Holochilus brasiliensis-Amblyomma triste y H. brasiliensis-Ixodes loricatus) son nóveles, siendo la asociación H. brasiliensis-Am. triste de importancia sanitaria ya que esta garrapata es vector de Rickettsia parkeri, patógeno que afecta a los humanos. La mayoría de las asociaciones se detectaron previamente sólo en la eco-región correspondiente a la localidad de estudio. Por el contrario, unas pocas asociaciones ya registraban antecedentes para otras regiones argentinas, el Brasil, Paraguay o el Uruguay.The species of ticks (Ixodida) and mites (Mesostigmata) parasites of sigmodontine rodents were determined in a locality of the Paraná River Delta. A total of 38 host-parasite associations between two species of ticks and five species of mites were found from six species of rodents. Aggregated distributions of parasites on hosts characterized those associations. Two associations (Holochilus brasiliensis-Amblyomma triste y H. brasiliensis-Ixodes loricatus) were not registered before, and the H. brasiliensis-Am.triste association is of sanitary importance because this tick is a vector of rickettsiosis to humans. The majority of the associations were previously found only in the ecoregion where the study site is located. In contrast a few of the associations reported have antecedents in other regions of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay or Uruguay.Fil: Colombo, Valeria Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Lareschi, Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (i); ArgentinaFil: Monje, Lucas Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Nava, Santiago. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Antoniazzi, Leandro Raúl. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Beldomenico, Pablo Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Guglielmone, Alberto Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentin

Prolongation of incubation time improves clinical diagnosis of Mycobacterium xenopi infection and allows susceptibility testing of mycobacterial strains against multiple antibiotics.

Objectives: Mycobacterium xenopi is a nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) whose clinical diagnosis and drug susceptibility studies are frequently hampered by poor in vitro growth. Extending the culture incubation time from 42 days (common-standard) to 56 days could improve the likelihood of diagnosis and provide strains for phenotypic drug susceptibility profiling of this poorly studied but clinically relevant mycobacterium. Methods: Time-to-positivity of mycobacterial cultures incubated for 56 days were analysed and compared. Clinical mycobacteriosis was defined by ATS/IDSA criteria. In vitro susceptibility of M. xenopi isolates was tested by broth microdilution. Results: Of 3852 mycobacteria-positive cultures (26 different mycobacterial species),M. xenopi required by far the longest growth time in culture, exceeding the 42 days commonly used in routine diagnostics in 41.2% of cases versus 4.7% for other NTM and 2.0% for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (P < 0.001). Prolonging the incubation time to 56 days had a great impact on M. xenopi diagnosis, as 56.3% (27/48) of patients would have not fulfilled the ATS/IDSA criteria at an incubation limited to 42 days. All 40 M. xenopi isolates from patients with clinical mycobacteriosis were fully susceptibility to macrolides and rifamycins in vitro and to moxifloxacin, amikacin and linezolid. Conclusion: These results indicate that a significant percentage (56.3%) of positive culture forM. xenopi would have incorrectly been reported as negative to clinicians without prolonging the incubation time to 56 days. Moreover, 56.3% of patients with M. xenopi disease would have missed the diagnosis along with an appropriate germ-based antimycobacterial treatment, otherwise fully effective

Seasonal dynamics, geographical range size, hosts, genetic diversity and phylogeography of Amblyomma sculptum in Argentina

The aim of this work was to generate knowledge on ecological aspects of Amblyomma sculptum in Argentina, such as seasonal dynamics, geographical range size, hosts, genetic diversity and phylogeography. Adult and immature A. sculptum ticks were collected in different localities of Argentina to know the geographical range size and hosts. The genetic diversity of this tick was studied through analyses of 16S rDNA sequences. To describe the seasonal dynamics, free-living ticks were monthly collected from October 2013 to October 2015. A. sculptum shows a marked ecological preference for Chaco Húmedo eco-region and “Albardones” forest of the great rivers in the wetlands in the Chaco Biogeographical Province, and for Selvas Pedemontanas and Selva Montana in the Yungas Biogeographical Province. This species has low host specificity, and it has large wild and domestic mammals as principal hosts to both immature and adult stages. Amblyomma sculptum is characterized by a one-year life cycle. Larvae peak in early winter, nymphs peaked during mid-spring, and adults during late summer and mid-summer. The genetic divergence was low and the total genetic variability was attributable to differences among populations. This fact could be associated to stochastics process linked to micro-habitat variations that could produce a partial restriction to gene flow among populations. The geographic regions do not contribute much to explain the A. sculptum population genetic structure, with an ancestral haplotype present in most populations, which gives rise to the rest of the haplotypes denoting a rapid population expansion.EEA RafaelaFil: Tarragona, Evelina Luisa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Sebastian, Patrick S. University of Hohenheim. Parasitology Unit; AlemaniaFil: Saracho Bottero, Maria Noelia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Emilia I. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Debarbora, Valeria Natalia. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura. Laboratorio Biología de los Parásitos; ArgentinaFil: Mangold, Atilio Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Guglielmone, Alberto. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Nava, Santiago. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Genetic transformation of Paulownia elongata S. Y. Hu., mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and biolistic system

Objective: The most appropriate conditions for genetic transformation through direct (bioballistic) and indirect (Agrobacterium tumefaciens) transformation systems in Paulownia elongata were established. Design/methodology/approach: Starting from in vitro propagation through both direct and indirect organogenesis, internodal stem segments with 0.5 to 1 cm length were determined as the best explant. The optimum dose for selection media was determined to be 15 mg L-1 of kanamycin. It was possible to obtain transgenic plants under both transformation systems. In the case of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, two hours of incubation, 48 h of co-cultivation, and optical density of 0.9 were used; while for bioballistics, the best conditions were 120 PSI of shot pressure, shot height at level 6 (16 cm), and vacuum pressure of 22 Hg mm, with particle inflow gun system (PIG). Results: Both systems produced complete transformants, chimeras, as well as those confirmed by histochemical X-GLUC and PCR analysis, producing a total of 14 positive plants by A. tumefaciens transformation from 26 trials and ten positive plants by the bioballistic system from 30 trials; a construction with chitinase and glucanase, NPT II selection gene and the GUS reporter gene were used. Findings/conclusions: So far, this has been the first report including integration of chitinase and glucanase genes

A literature Review on Acute Renal Failure Induced by Rhabdomyolysis in the Last 5 Years

La insuficiencia renal aguda inducida por rabdomiólisis de diversas etiologías, es una complicación de la misma destrucción muscular dañando la estructura y funcionamiento renal. En esta revisión, se recopilaron los nuevos conocimientos adquiridos de esta afección en estos últimos 5 años, cuyo objetivo principal, será analizar los mecanismos de la rabdomiólisis que conduzcan al daño renal, desde una amplia perspectiva remontándonos al origen de su primera aparición en la historia, causas descritas en la actualidad, prevalencia e incidencia en poblaciones, manifestaciones clínicas características de la presentación de la enfermedad, fisiopatología, tratamientos eficaces y factores predisponentes de riesgo.&nbsp; La metodología utilizada en este estudio fue la revisión bibliográfica descriptiva de 20 artículos sobre la población de pacientes con insuficiencia renal aguda inducida por rabdomiólisis, abarcando los artículos científicos publicados en las bases de datos digitales de revistas indexadas del área de salud durante los años 2018 a 2023. La evidencia de insuficiencia renal aguda inducida por rabdomiólisis en pacientes denota una etapa crucial con un pronóstico crítico de la enfermedad, ya que, dependiendo del diagnóstico temprano y los métodos preventivos adecuados, este pronóstico de vida mejora sustancialmente en materia de un menor daño posible a los riñones.Acute renal failure induced by rhabdomyolysis of various etiologies, is a complication of the same muscle destruction damaging the renal structure and functioning. In this review, the new knowledge acquired of this condition in the last 5 years was collected, whose main objective will be to analyze the mechanisms of rhabdomyolysis that lead to kidney damage, from a broad perspective going back to the origin of its first appearance in history, causes currently described, prevalence and incidence in populations, clinical manifestations characteristic of the presentation of the disease, pathophysiology, effective treatments and predisposing risk factors. The methodology used in this study was the descriptive bibliographic review of 20 articles on the population of patients with acute renal failure induced by rhabdomyolysis, covering the scientific articles published in the digital databases of indexed journals in the health area during the years 2018 to 2023. The evidence of acute renal failure induced by rhabdomyolysis in patients denotes a crucial stage with a critical prognosis of the disease, since, depending on early diagnosis and appropriate preventive methods, this prognosis of life improves substantially in terms of less possible damage to the kidneys

Ticks (ixodida) and mites (mesostigmata) parasites of sigmodontine rodents in the Delta of Paraná river, Argentina

Se determinaron las especies de garrapatas y ácaros mesostigmata parásitos de roedores sigmodontinos en una localidad del Delta del Paraná. Fueron registradas 38 asociaciones parásitohospedador entre dos especies de garrapatas y cinco especies de ácaros con seis especies de roedores, que mostraron una distribución agregada de sus parásitos. Dos de las asociaciones (Holochilus brasiliensis-Amblyomma triste y H. brasiliensis-Ixodes loricatus) son nóveles, siendo la asociación H. brasiliensis-Am. triste de importancia sanitaria ya que esta garrapata es vector de Rickettsia parkeri, patógeno que afecta a los humanos. La mayoría de las asociaciones se detectaron previamente sólo en la eco-región correspondiente a la localidad de estudio. Por el contrario, unas pocas asociaciones ya registraban antecedentes para otras regiones argentinas, el Brasil, Paraguay o el UruguayThe species of ticks (Ixodida) and mites (Mesostigmata) parasites of sigmodontine rodents were determined in a locality of the Paraná River Delta. A total of 38 host-parasite associations between two species of ticks and five species of mites were found from six species of rodents. Aggregated distributions of parasites on hosts characterized those associations. Two associations (Holochilus brasiliensis-Amblyomma triste y H. brasiliensis-Ixodes loricatus) were not registered before, and the H. brasiliensis-Am.triste association is of sanitary importance because this tick is a vector of rickettsiosis to humans. The majority of the associations were previously found only in the ecoregion where the study site is located. In contrast a few of the associations reported have antecedents in other regions of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay or Uruguay.Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore

GEN-O-MA project: an Italian network studying clinical course and pathogenic pathways of moyamoya disease—study protocol and preliminary results

Background: GENetics of mOyaMoyA (GEN-O-MA) project is a multicenter observational study implemented in Italy aimed at creating a network of centers involved in moyamoya angiopathy (MA) care and research and at collecting a large series and bio-repository of MA patients, finally aimed at describing the disease phenotype and clinical course as well as at identifying biological or cellular markers for disease progression. The present paper resumes the most important study methodological issues and preliminary results. Methods: Nineteen centers are participating to the study. Patients with both bilateral and unilateral radiologically defined MA are included in the study. For each patient, detailed demographic and clinical as well as neuroimaging data are being collected. When available, biological samples (blood, DNA, CSF, middle cerebral artery samples) are being also collected for biological and cellular studies. Results: Ninety-eight patients (age of onset mean ± SD 35.5 ± 19.6 years; 68.4% females) have been collected so far. 65.3% of patients presented ischemic (50%) and haemorrhagic (15.3%) stroke. A higher female predominance concomitantly with a similar age of onset and clinical features to what was reported in previous studies on Western patients has been confirmed. Conclusion: An accurate and detailed clinical and neuroimaging classification represents the best strategy to provide the characterization of the disease phenotype and clinical course. The collection of a large number of biological samples will permit the identification of biological markers and genetic factors associated with the disease susceptibility in Italy

Ticks (ixodida) and mites (mesostigmata) parasites of sigmodontine rodents in the Delta of Paraná river, Argentina

Se determinaron las especies de garrapatas y ácaros mesostigmata parásitos de roedores sigmodontinos en una localidad del Delta del Paraná. Fueron registradas 38 asociaciones parásitohospedador entre dos especies de garrapatas y cinco especies de ácaros con seis especies de roedores, que mostraron una distribución agregada de sus parásitos. Dos de las asociaciones (Holochilus brasiliensis-Amblyomma triste y H. brasiliensis-Ixodes loricatus) son nóveles, siendo la asociación H. brasiliensis-Am. triste de importancia sanitaria ya que esta garrapata es vector de Rickettsia parkeri, patógeno que afecta a los humanos. La mayoría de las asociaciones se detectaron previamente sólo en la eco-región correspondiente a la localidad de estudio. Por el contrario, unas pocas asociaciones ya registraban antecedentes para otras regiones argentinas, el Brasil, Paraguay o el UruguayThe species of ticks (Ixodida) and mites (Mesostigmata) parasites of sigmodontine rodents were determined in a locality of the Paraná River Delta. A total of 38 host-parasite associations between two species of ticks and five species of mites were found from six species of rodents. Aggregated distributions of parasites on hosts characterized those associations. Two associations (Holochilus brasiliensis-Amblyomma triste y H. brasiliensis-Ixodes loricatus) were not registered before, and the H. brasiliensis-Am.triste association is of sanitary importance because this tick is a vector of rickettsiosis to humans. The majority of the associations were previously found only in the ecoregion where the study site is located. In contrast a few of the associations reported have antecedents in other regions of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay or Uruguay.Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore

Asociación entre consumo de alcohol y exceso de peso entre estudiantes universitarios de América Latina

Introducción: El sobrepeso y la obesidad son problemas de salud pública de nivel mundial. Si bien existe información respecto al consumo de alcohol en estudiantes universitarios durante la pandemia, pocos autores han señalado la asociación entre este hábito y el exceso de peso en esta población. El objetivo fue determinar la asociación entre el consumo de alcohol y el exceso de peso en estudiantes universitarios de 10 países de Latinoamérica durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio transversal y multicéntrico con 4.539 estudiantes universitarios matriculados en diez países de América Latina. Para la valoración del consumo de alcohol se utilizó la pregunta ¿Consumes bebidas alcohólicas? (1 porción 1 vaso de 200 ml). El índice de masa corporal (IMC) se determinó a partir del peso y la altura auto informado. Para determinar si el exceso de peso (IMC ≥25 kg/m2 ) estaba asociado con el consumo de alcohol, se utilizó un análisis de regresión logística, ajustado por edad, sexo, año de estudio, nivel socioeconómico, actividad física y tabaquismo. Resultados: Entre los estudiantes con estado nutricional normal, un 59,6% no consumía alcohol, mientras entre los que presentaban un exceso de peso era un 55,1%. Los estudiantes que consumían 2 o más porciones de alcohol al día tenían 2,18 veces más riesgo de tener exceso de peso (OR: 2.18 [95% IC: 1,26 a 3,77]), comparado con aquellos que no consumían alcohol. Conclusión: Se observó que aquellos estudiantes que consumieron más alcohol tuvieron más probabilidades de tener exceso de peso. Palabras clave: Alcohol; Índice de masa corporal; Obesidad; Sobrepeso; Universitarios