Influence of an internal picture of illness, coping-strategies and the self-relation of the patients after myocardial infarction on adherence to long treatment of coronary artery disease and its regularity

Patients after myocardial infarction have been interrogated by the questionnaires, allowing to establish prevailing coping-strategy in a difficult reality situation (an illness situation), the internal picture of illness, level of the general internal conflictness, feature of the self-relation, and also model of the doctor-patient relationships from a position of the patient. Telephone contact to patients has been carried out after 12 months from discharging from a hospital and adherence of the therapy recommended in a hospital and its regularity was found out. Adherence to long treatment in patients after myocardial infarction is higher in case of anxieting and sensitive internal picture of illness, the positive self-relation as a whole and constant close cooperation with the attending physician

Genesis and Evolution of Solar Aspects Apollo's Mythologies

Автор приходит к выводу , что причинами генезиса солярных аспектов в образе Аполлона следует считать прежде всего внутренние, вытекающие из логики самого образа Аполлона, мифологические причины. Основу для отождествления Аполлона и Гелиоса создало представление об Аполлоне как боге-хранителе всякого рода порогов и переходных пространств, связанных с самоорганизацией человеческого сообщества на земле и отделением от мира дикой природы. Общая идея “переходности” позволяла включить в образ Аполлона характеристики заревого божества, что отразилось и на ритуальном уровне

The Efficiency of the Ventilated Gap of the Double-Skin Facade Systems Using Fire Crosscuts

Double-skin facade is an excellent material for decoration of buildings. Despite the large number of advantages over other types of finishes, ventilated facades also have their drawbacks. In particular, a violation of installation conditions and fire safety regulations can lead to serious consequences. Innovative materials and structures in the field of fire safety are analyzed in this paper. The article deals with fire protection methods, special attention is given to the unit of fire crosscuts in the air gap of double-skin facade. Analysis of experimental data has revealed some drawbacks of this method and the necessity of design improvements

The Efficiency of the Ventilated Gap of the Double-Skin Facade Systems Using Fire Crosscuts

Double-skin facade is an excellent material for decoration of buildings. Despite the large number of advantages over other types of finishes, ventilated facades also have their drawbacks. In particular, a violation of installation conditions and fire safety regulations can lead to serious consequences. Innovative materials and structures in the field of fire safety are analyzed in this paper. The article deals with fire protection methods, special attention is given to the unit of fire crosscuts in the air gap of double-skin facade. Analysis of experimental data has revealed some drawbacks of this method and the necessity of design improvements

Endothelial dysfunction in patients with lymphoproliferative disorders and its changes in the course of polychemotherapy

The article is dedicated to contemporary views on the change of endothelial function in the patients with lymphoproliferative disorders prior to, and in the process of, chemotherapeutic treatment. Considering that possibilities of standard examination do not always help identifying subclinical endothelial dysfunction, it is necessary to use specific methods, in particular, to determine the levels of endothelin-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor to monitor endothelial function. The objective of this review is to identify problems and prospects for recognizing early subclinical changes of endothelial function in the patients with lymphoproliferative disorders before and after chemotherapy. Assessing presence and severity of endothelial dysfunction may be useful for determining subclinical stages of cardiovascular damage, stratifying the risk of the patients with confirmed cardiovascular disease, and reducing the likelihood of cardio- and endotheliotoxic effects in patients long after chemotherapy. That is why early detection and immediate therapy of cardiovascular toxicity is currently the most important task in the patients with lymphoproliferative disorders, receiving chemotherapy

A Study of the Genomic Variations Associated with Autistic Spectrum Disorders in a Russian Cohort of Patients Using Whole-Exome Sequencing

This study provides new data on the whole-exome sequencing of a cohort of children with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) from an underexplored Russian population. Using both a cross-sectional approach involving a control cohort of the same ancestry and an annotation-based approach involving relevant public databases, we explored exonic single nucleotide variants and copy-number variation potentially involved in the manifestation of ASD. The study results reveal new potential ASD candidate-variants found in the studied Russian cohort and show a high prevalence of common ASD-associated genomic variants, especially those in the genes known to be associated with the manifestation of intellectual disabilities. Our screening of an ASD cohort from a previously understudied population allowed us to flag at least a few novel genes (IGLJ2, FAM21A, OR11H12, HIP1, PRAMEF10, and ZNF717) regarding their potential involvement in ASD

Oligohexamethylene Guanidine Derivative as a Means to Prevent Biological Fouling of a Polymer-Based Composite Optical Oxygen Sensor

The use of biocidal agents is a common practice for protection against biofouling in biomass-rich environments. In this paper, oligohexamethyleneguanidine (OHMG) polymer, known for its biocidal properties, was further modified with para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) to enhance its properties against microorganisms coated with a lipid membrane. The structure of the product was confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FTIR spectroscopy. The values of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 607 and Pseudomonas chlororaphis 449 were found to be 1.40 and 1.05 μg/mL, respectively. The synthesized substance was used as an additive to the polymer matrix of the composite optical oxygen sensor material. A series of samples with different contents of OHMG-PAS was prepared using a co-dissolution method implying the fabrication of a coating from a solution containing both polymers. It turned out that the mutual influence of the components significantly affects the distribution of the indicator in the matrix, surface morphology, and contact angle. The optimal polymer content turned out to be wt.3%, at which point the water contact angle reaches almost 122°, and the fouling rate decreases by almost five times, which is confirmed by both the respiratory MTT assay and confocal microscopy with staining. This opens up prospects for creating stable and biofouling-resistant sensor elements for use in air tanks or seawater

Partial RAG deficiency in humans induces dysregulated peripheral lymphocyte development and humoral tolerance defect with accumulation of T-bet+ B cells

The recombination-activating genes (RAG) 1 and 2 are indispensable for diversifying the primary B cell receptor repertoire and pruning self-reactive clones via receptor editing in the bone marrow; however, the impact of RAG1/RAG2 on peripheral tolerance is unknown. Partial RAG deficiency (pRD) manifesting with late-onset immune dysregulation represents an ‘experiment of nature’ to explore this conundrum. By studying B cell development and subset-specific repertoires in pRD, we demonstrate that reduced RAG activity impinges on peripheral tolerance through the generation of a restricted primary B cell repertoire, persistent antigenic stimulation and an inflammatory milieu with elevated B cell-activating factor. This unique environment gradually provokes profound B cell dysregulation with widespread activation, remarkable extrafollicular maturation and persistence, expansion and somatic diversification of self-reactive clones. Through the model of pRD, we reveal a RAG-dependent ‘domino effect’ that impacts stringency of tolerance and B cell fate in the periphery

Partial RAG deficiency in humans induces dysregulated peripheral lymphocyte development and humoral tolerance defect with accumulation of T-bet+ B cells.

The recombination-activating genes (RAG) 1 and 2 are indispensable for diversifying the primary B cell receptor repertoire and pruning self-reactive clones via receptor editing in the bone marrow; however, the impact of RAG1/RAG2 on peripheral tolerance is unknown. Partial RAG deficiency (pRD) manifesting with late-onset immune dysregulation represents an 'experiment of nature' to explore this conundrum. By studying B cell development and subset-specific repertoires in pRD, we demonstrate that reduced RAG activity impinges on peripheral tolerance through the generation of a restricted primary B cell repertoire, persistent antigenic stimulation and an inflammatory milieu with elevated B cell-activating factor. This unique environment gradually provokes profound B cell dysregulation with widespread activation, remarkable extrafollicular maturation and persistence, expansion and somatic diversification of self-reactive clones. Through the model of pRD, we reveal a RAG-dependent 'domino effect' that impacts stringency of tolerance and B cell fate in the periphery

Содержание нейроспецифических пептидов, маркеров нейромессенджера и нейрорецептора в сыворотке крови детей с вариативными сенсорными расстройствами, легкими когнитивными нарушениями и другой нейропатологией

Background. The role of recently discovered neurospecific peptides in the pathogenesis of acute and progressive neurologic disorders, their neuroprotective features, and possibilities to use them as markers for the course and prognosis of certain diseases have been actively studied in recent decades. However, neurospecific peptides are almost not studied in chronic residual diseases. In our study we measured the levels of neurospecific peptides and some other markers to achieve understanding of general neurophysiological trends in congenital and acquired chronic non-progressive brain pathology with reference to the selection of relevant groups — study objects. Objective. The aim of the study is to study patterns of neurospecific peptides, neurotransmitters and neuroreceptor markers distribution in the serum of children with various pathogenetic variants of chronic neuropathology. Methods. The study included children from 3 to 16 years old with different pathologies. The sample was divided into groups by pathology type: no sensory and neurological disorders, congenital sensory deficit due to mutation of genes expressed and not expressed in the brain, early acquired sensory deficit of multifactorial nature, congenital mild and severe organic disorders of central nervous system (CNS) in residual stage without baseline sensory deficit, acquired functional CNS disorders without baseline organic defect and sensory deficit. The following laboratory data (neurophysiological components) was studied: nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotropic factor, neurotrophin-3, neurotrophin-4, neuregulin-1-beta-1, beta-secretase, sirtuin-1, synaptophysin, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, and anti-NR2 glutamate receptor antibodies. The parameters of cognitive activity, sense of vision, sense of smell, and acoustic sense were also evaluated. Results. The study included 274 participants. Neuropeptides and markers have shown a variable degree and range in the group spectrum of differences from normal levels. The most variable in the examined sample was NO-synthase, as well as levels of both neurotrophins, beta-secretase, and glutamate receptor marker. All visual deficits were associated with increased NO-synthase levels (p < 0.001). Neuroplasticity peptides (beta-secretase, neurotrophin-3 and 4) have been activated in all pathological conditions. Nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotropic factor were specifically activated in mild organic CNS lesions (mild cognitive impairments), while neuregulin — in congenital genetically determined visual deficits. There was no specific activation of neuropeptides and NO-synthase level tended to decrease in cases of severe CNS lesions. Conclusion. The study results suggest that all types of early visual impairment are associated with increased physiological neuronal activity, and non-organic neurological functional disorders — mainly with increased physiological synaptic activity. General neuroplasticity processes were activated in all cases of visual deficits but more specific. However, more specific and well-studied processes were activated in mild organic CNS lesions, and neuroplasticity processes did not activate adequately in severe organic CNS lesions probably due to the limited neuronal and synaptic resources.Обоснование. В последние десятилетия активно исследуются вклад недавно открытых нейроспецифических пептидов в патогенез ряда острых и прогрессирующих заболеваний нервной системы, их нейропротективные свойства и возможности их использования для маркирования течения и прогноза некоторых заболеваний. При этом нейроспецифические пептиды почти не изучаются при хронических резидуальных состояниях. В нашем исследовании мы использовали определение уровней нейроспецифических пептидов и некоторых других маркеров для достижения понимания генеральных нейрофизиологических тенденций при врожденной и приобретенной хронической непрогрессирующей патологии мозга на основании подбора соответствующих групп — объектов исследования. Цель исследования — изучить закономерности распределения комплекса нейроспецифических пептидов, маркеров нейромессенджера и нейрорецептора в сыворотке крови детей с различными патогенетическими вариантами хронической нейропатологии. Методы. В исследование были включены дети с различной патологией в возрасте от 3 до 16 лет. Выборка была поделена на группы по типу патологии: отсутствие сенсорных и неврологических нарушений, врожденный сенсорный дефицит вследствие мутации генов, экспрессируемых и не экспрессируемых в мозге, рано приобретенный сенсорный дефицит полиэтиологической природы, врожденные легкие и тяжелые органические нарушения функций центральной нервной системы (ЦНС) в резидуальной стадии без исходного сенсорного дефицита, приобретенные функциональные расстройства ЦНС без исходного органического дефекта и сенсорного дефицита. В батарею измеряемых лабораторно в крови нейрофизиологических компонентов включили фактор роста нервов, нейротрофический фактор мозга, нейротрофин-3, нейротрофин-4, нейрегулин-1-бета-1, бета-секретазу, сиртуин-1, синаптофизин, нейрональную синтазу оксида азота и антитела к глутаматному рецептору NR2. Также оценивались параметры когнитивной деятельности, зрения, обоняния и слухового восприятия. Результаты. В исследование включены 274 участника. Установлено, что нейропептиды и маркеры показали вариативную степень и широту по групповому спектру отличий от нормы. Наиболее изменчивой в обследуемой выборке показала себя NO-синтаза, также часто различались уровни обоих нейротрофинов, бета-секретазы и маркера рецептора глутамата. При любых дефицитах зрения с большой достоверностью был повышен уровень NO-синтазы (р < 0,001). При всех патологических состояниях активировались пептиды нейропластичности — бета-секретаза, нейротрофины-3 и -4. При легких органических поражениях ЦНС (легкие когнитивные нарушения) специфично активировались фактор роста нервов и мозговой нейротрофический фактор, а при врожденных генетически детерминированных зрительных дефицитах специфично активировался нейрегулин. При тяжелых поражениях ЦНС специфической активации нейропептидов не определялось, а уровень NO-синтазы демонстрировал тенденцию к снижению по сравнению с нормой. Заключение. Результаты исследования позволяют предположить, что при всех типах раннего слабовидения происходит повышенная напряженность физиологической нейрональной деятельности, а при неорганических неврологических функциональных расстройствах — преимущественно повышение физиологической синаптической активности. При всех дефицитах зрения активированы процессы общей нейропластичности, но более специфические и изученные из них активируются при легких органических поражениях ЦНС, при тяжелых же органических поражениях ЦНС процессы нейропластичности недостаточно активны, вероятно, вследствие ограниченности нейрональных и синаптических ресурсов