Evolution of Fluorine Abundances with the \nu-Process

We calculate the evolution of fluorine in the solar neighborhood with the \nu-process of core-collapse supernovae, the results of which are in good agreement with the observations of field stars. The \nu-process operating in supernovae causes the [F/O] ratio to plateau at [O/H] < -1.2, followed by a rapid increase toward [O/H] ~ -0.5 from the contribution of Asymptotic Giant Branch stars. The plateau value of [F/O] depends on the neutrino luminosity released by core-collapse supernovae and may be constrained by using future observations of field stars at low metallicities. For globular clusters, the handful of [F/O] measurements suggest that the relative contribution from low-mass supernovae is smaller in these systems than in the field.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, Accepted for publication in ApJ

Explosive Nucleosynthesis of Weak r-Process Elements in Extremely Metal-Poor Core-Collapse Supernovae

There have been attempts to fit the abundance patterns of extremely metal-poor stars with supernova nucleosynthesis models for the lighter elements than Zn. On the other hand, observations have revealed that the presence of EMP stars with peculiarly high ratio of "weak r-process elements" Sr, Y and Zr. Although several possible processes were suggested for the origin of these elements, the complete solution for reproducing those ratios is not found yet. In order to reproduce the abundance patterns of such stars, we investigate a model with neutron rich matter ejection from the inner region of the conventional mass-cut. We find that explosive nucleosynthesis in a high energy supernova (or "hypernova") can reproduce the high abundances of Sr, Y and Zr but that the enhancements of Sr, Y and Zr are not achieved by nucleosynthesis in a normal supernova. Our results imply that, if these elements are ejected from a normal supernova, nucleosynthesis in higher entropy flow than that of the supernova shock is required.Comment: 27pages, 15figures; ApJ accepte