The terrain of urbanisation process and policy frameworks: A critical analysis of the Kampala experience

Kampala is urbanising in an unplanned manner, but without a clear picture of the underlying dynamics. The city is characterised by lack of proper zoning of economic activities and construction of physical infrastructure without regard to subsequent spatial quality and environmental conservation. Consequently, there are sharp differences in residential standards where expensive housing and luxury flats co-exist with shanty towns and informal settlements, with about 60% of the city’s population living in unplanned informal settlements and often faced with challenges of unemployment. The unprecedented increase in the urban population in Kampala and the prospects for further increases in the near future have economic and social implications concerning employment, housing, education and health, among others. Understanding the nature of the dynamics of the growth or decline of cities like Kampala helps planners to support the processes that lead to harmonious urban development and to deal with the negative consequences of urban growth. This paper reflects the urbanisation dynamics explaining Kampala’s urbanisation process with the view to analysing the implications for an alternative urban policy framework. It argues that the conditions that have allowed the situation to exist have serious policy implications which require the need for an integrated policy framework that can be used to effectively prevent or halt Kampala’s unplanned urbanisation while promoting planned urbanisation. Induced by the migration and lack of information, understanding urban dynamics is crucial to the development of urban policies that can effectively ensure that further urban changes occur in a systematic and satisfactory manner. The current urban process in developing countries like Uganda is associated with poverty, environmental degradation and population demands that outstrip service capacity

Developing competences for water utility change programmes

This article was published in the journal Proceedings of the ICE: Municipal Engineer [© Institution of Civil Engineers].African and Asian urban water sector organisations recognise the need to support performance improvement and organisational change programmes to meet the growing demands for improved services in challenging environments. Yet many such programmes have not resulted in the desired service improvements. This paper looks at three successful water utilities in Africa and Southern Asia to identify the factors that are contributing to substantial service delivery improvement. This analysis is used to inform the competencies required of senior managers and engineers responsible for water utility change programmes. How to develop the necessary competences through targeted management development programmes is considered by reviewing selected urban water sector management development programmes in India and Africa. Increasingly engineers working in the developing world are expected to focus on effective service management in challenging environments, and develop appropriate competences