The Effect of Using Ethyl Alcohol Extract of Ginger and its Juice on Some Contaminating Microbes of Cow Milk

The study has been conduct to investigated effect of ethyl alcohol extract and its juice on some contaminating microbes cow milk such as, Escherichia colli , salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas fluorescens that have pathogen and spoiled effect on caw milk. The study has been carried out at College of Agriculture / University of Baghdad cooperation with Biotechnology and Research Center / University of Al-Nahrin. Concentrations of 1,2,3,4,5,10,20,30,40,50 % ethyl alcohol and ginger juice are prepared. Result show a positively inhibition correlating with concentration, being the halo diameter for S. typhimurium at 10 to 50 %concentration (11.19, 12.13 ,12.62 ,13.31 ,14.11 mm respectively). E. coli whereas its effect on are 8.96 , 10.90 , 11.37 , 12.12 , 12.56 mm for the same above concentration . On other hand, its effect on P. fluorescens, has tended to be lower value that is the concentration 10 to 50 % are 7.11 , 8.42 ,9.15 , 10.83 ,11.21 mm respectively. There is no significant effect on bacteria attributed the low concentration ( 1, 2 %). It has appear of that similar previous results when using sterilized by microbe filters. Inhibition is significantly increased by increasing concentration 5% probability . The results are not juice instead of extract and they are significant increment also with increasing the concentration in both sterilizing method. Hala diameter inhibition for filter sterilizing with 3% concentration are 0.00 ,2.01 and 3.3 mm for the three bacteria type respectively , while hala diameter inhibition with 50% concentration are 9.37, 11.91 and 12.70 mm for the three types respectively. Ginger juice which sterilized by autoclave for 3% is 0.00 mm while hala diameter inhibition with 50% are 8.29, 10.59 , and 11.35 mm for the three bacteria types respectively . Statistical analysis show significant differences in the effect of concentration between bacterial types for each concentration . In conclusion, the ginger extract and its juice have an inhibition effect on milk contaminating bacteria using 2%concentration. This effect is positively correlated with increasing concentrations for both mentioned matters

The Effect of Photoperiod on Milk Production, Its Components and Some Blood Parameters in Improved Awassi ewes

This study is carried out to investigate the effect of the light period on milk yield and its components as well as on some blood parameters, in Alrashiedia Animal Farm, Directorate of Agricultural Researches, Ministry of Agriculture on 24 improved Awassi ewes in 2nd and 3rd lactation from 20/11/2011 to 29/1/2012. The ewes are randomly divided into 3 groups; 1st group is 24h:0 h. (light : dark) exposed to light period, the2nd 8h:16 h. of light period , while 3rd group 16h:8 h.. All ewes allocated on the same concentrate and roughages ration in addition to 5 kg / hd / day green alfalfa. Milk yield is recorded every 10 days after separation of suckling lambs from their mothers for 12 hours (9 pm to 9 am). Blood sample are taken three time (at the begging , Middle and end of the study) to calculate : total protein, albumin, globulins, cholesterol, and triglyceride. The results show that there is no significant effect of light period on milk production, the total amount of milk through the recorded periods for the three group are 10652.0,10021.0 and 11986.78gm/hd .There is no significant effect on the milk component. The blood parameters are not affected by the light :dark change . It can be concluded that the change in the light :dark period does not alter milk yield and some blood parameters in this study