Síndrome de Wernicke-Korsakoff associada ao álcool / Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome associated with alcohol

A Síndrome de Wernicke-Korsakoff (SWK) caracteriza-se por uma amnésia anterógrada com um estado de distúrbio mental, marcha atáxica e nistagmo sendo causada por uma deficiência de tiamina, encontrada principalmente em alcoólatras e pessoas desnutridas. O álcool interfere ativamente no processo de absorção gastrintestinal, reduzindo a ativação da tiamina e o também o estoque de tiamina hepática. Como a tiamina é necessária nos mecanismos de condução axonal dos neurônios, a falta da mesma por volta de três semanas é suficiente para gerar danos neurológicos. Na SWK, as lesões são tipicamente simétricas e próximas ao plano mediano. Relacionando as manifestações clínicas com as lesões, o paciente apresenta: amnésia anterógrada e confabulação (corpos mamilares), alteração do estado de consciência (regiões talâmicas mediais), marcha atáxica (cerebelo), oftalmoparesia (nervo VI e VIII) e nistagmo (complexo nuclear vestibular, cerebelo, tegmento pôntico e o fascículo longitudinal medial. O tratamento é feito à base de tiamina endovenosa que se for aplicada precocemente pode reverter algumas manifestações clínicas

Análise dos indicadores assistenciais presentes do consolidado mensal em uma unidade de saúde da família em Belém-PA / Analysis of the assistance indicators present of the monthly consolidated in a family health unit in Belém-PA

INTRODUÇÃO: Os indicadores de saúde são de suma importância para efetivar o trabalho não só do ACS, mas de todos os profissionais da saúde envolvidos, na promoção e prevenção da saúde. Por meio desses indicadores, consegue-se perceber a real condição da área em questão, tanto em aspectos ambientais quanto em aspectos epidemiológicos. Os indicadores assistenciais levam em consideração as patologias que acometem a região em questão. É um indicador crucial para que se tome providencias da real necessidade da população e assim possam ter iniciativas efetivas visando a prevenção e promoção da saúde. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto dos indicadores assistenciais do consolidado mensal no período de quatro meses, de Agosto a Novembro de 2017 na Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF) da comunidade do Parque Verde em Belém do Pará. Realizar comparações dos indicadores assistenciais do grupo prioritário de doenças, presentes no Relatório mensal dos meses referidos. MÉTODOS: Trabalho submedito a avaliação do Comitê de Etica (CEP). Após aprovação foi feita coleta de dados, Foram coletados Relatório SSA2 que possuem a consolidação mensal da Unidade de Saúde da Família Parque Verde de Belém-PA, e em momento posterior feita analise de dados. RESULTADOS/DISCUSSÃO: Há muitas pessoas que não são visitadas pelas Agente Comunitário de Saúde pois estão em uma área descoberta da UBS, isso prejudica no planejamento e execução das ações de acordo com a realidade local. No grupo prioritário de doença, a maioria são Diabéticos. CONCLUSÃO: Infelizmente, uma grande parte dos pacientes portadores de hipertensão, hanseníase, diabetes e pacientes idosos e crianças menores de 2 anos, não tem a devida atenção seja da equipe de ACS, seja pela equipe multiprofissional da UBS, por, justamente, não conseguir por em prática a indicação dos indicadores assistências

Safeguarding human–wildlife cooperation

Human–wildlife cooperation occurs when humans and free-living wild animals actively coordinate their behavior to achieve a mutually beneficial outcome. These interactions provide important benefits to both the human and wildlife communities involved, have wider impacts on the local ecosystem, and represent a unique intersection of human and animal cultures. The remaining active forms are human–honeyguide and human–dolphin cooperation, but these are at risk of joining several inactive forms (including human–wolf and human–orca cooperation). Human–wildlife cooperation faces a unique set of conservation challenges, as it requires multiple components—a motivated human and wildlife partner, a suitable environment, and compatible interspecies knowledge—which face threats from ecological and cultural changes. To safeguard human–wildlife cooperation, we recommend: (i) establishing ethically sound conservation strategies together with the participating human communities; (ii) conserving opportunities for human and wildlife participation; (iii) protecting suitable environments; (iv) facilitating cultural transmission of traditional knowledge; (v) accessibly archiving Indigenous and scientific knowledge; and (vi) conducting long-term empirical studies to better understand these interactions and identify threats. Tailored safeguarding plans are therefore necessary to protect these diverse and irreplaceable interactions. Broadly, our review highlights that efforts to conserve biological and cultural diversity should carefully consider interactions between human and animal cultures

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Eficácia dos Protocolos de Suporte Avançado de Vida no Atendimento Pré-Hospitalar de Parada Cardiorrespiratória: Uma Revisão Integrativa

This article presents an integrative review on the effectiveness of Advanced Life Support (ALS) protocols in the pre-hospital management of cardiac arrest. The research was conducted by analyzing nine studies selected from electronic databases, published between 2018 and 2023. The results indicate that the standardization of ALS practices, according to the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines, significantly increases the rates of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival to hospital discharge. Additionally, continuous education and regular training of healthcare professionals are crucial for the effectiveness of pre-hospital care. Adequate infrastructure and availability of resources are also determinants for the success of ALS interventions. The integration of educational technologies and technological advancements in the training of healthcare professionals proved to be a promising strategy to improve the application of protocols. This study contributes to the field of pre-hospital resuscitation by providing a comprehensive overview of the factors influencing the effectiveness of ALS protocols, highlighting the need for a multifaceted approach that combines standardization, continuous education, adequate resources, and technological innovations.Este artigo apresenta uma revisão integrativa sobre a eficácia dos protocolos de Suporte Avançado de Vida (SAV) no atendimento pré-hospitalar de parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR). A pesquisa foi conduzida através da análise de nove estudos selecionados em bases de dados eletrônicas, publicados entre 2018 e 2023. Os resultados indicam que a padronização das práticas de SAV, conforme as diretrizes da American Heart Association (AHA), aumenta significativamente as taxas de retorno da circulação espontânea (RCE) e a sobrevivência até a alta hospitalar. Além disso, a educação continuada e o treinamento regular dos profissionais de saúde são cruciais para a eficácia do atendimento pré-hospitalar. A infraestrutura adequada e a disponibilidade de recursos também são determinantes para o sucesso das intervenções de SAV. A integração de tecnologias educacionais e avanços tecnológicos na formação dos profissionais de saúde mostrou-se uma estratégia promissora para melhorar a aplicação dos protocolos. Este estudo contribui para o campo da ressuscitação pré-hospitalar ao fornecer uma visão abrangente sobre os fatores que influenciam a eficácia dos protocolos de SAV, destacando a necessidade de uma abordagem multifacetada que combine padronização, educação contínua recursos adequados e inovações tecnológicas

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ