Sublimation inside an Elastoplastic Material

Thermodynamic and kinetic approaches for sublimation inside elastoplastic material under tensile stress are developed for large strains. Various conceptual problems related to irreversible plastic deformation are addressed for a spherical bubble. They include definitions of the thermodynamic driving forces and activation energies, nontraditional concepts of a critical nucleus, path dependence of its appearance, modes of its growth (sublimation or expansion due to loss of mechanical stability), and the possibility of reverse transformation. The kinetic relationships between sublimation pressure and temperature are obtained

Sublimation via virtual melting inside an elastoplastic material

Thermodynamic, kinetic, and mechanical approaches for sublimation inside elastoplastic material via intermediate (virtual) melting under tensile pressure are developed for a spherical nucleus. Virtual melting represents the appearance of subcritical liquid drop that immediately transforms to gas bubble. The variety of mechanisms and transformation paths are revealed in different pressure ranges. The radius of the critical gas nucleus differs from the classical one because elastic energy of melt is size dependent due to surface tension. Our developed approach can be extended for various structural changes in nanoparticles within a void inside elastoplastic material and two-stage and multistage nucleation processes. Universal mechanical gas bubble instability is revealed

INFLUENCE OF THE LEVEL OF EDUCATION ON EMOTIONS PERTAINING TO THE SENSE OF GUILT

Introduction: this paper describes purpose, hypothesis, subject, object, and sampling criteria on the basis of which the research was carried out. Materials and Methods: we used the survey method based on a diagnostic tool – a self-designed questionnaire. Testing took place in three stages: peer-reviewing by four Kandidat nauk degree holders (Ph.D.), with sibsequent amendments; the pilot study was carried out at Ivanovo State University. Number of students surveyed (n = 103). On the basis of results we added answer options to a number of open questions and reformulated some of them; the study was repeated for a larger sampling (n = 96 persons, aged 18 to 80 years old). As a result we excluded questions (or answers) having zero dispersion. We used the analysis of the questionnaire focused on the duration, degree of guilt and physiological support for this feeling, to identify the persons to whom the person tends to feel guilty, as well as to the options to overcome this emotional state. In addition, the set of questions helps clarify the readiness to forgive and ask for forgiveness. Also, the profile part can reveal relations between the concepts of guilt and forgiveness. In processing the data, we used the correlation analysis based on automated package of the statistical data software “SPSS 13”. Results: presented are the main results of the empirical research allowing to define the orientation influence of education on different aspects of the person’s perception as to the emergence of guilt, and the resulting necessity to exit this state, with emphasis on the category of “forgiveness”. A diagram presents the specificity of guilt emotions in people with high levels of education. Discussion and Conclusions: we draw conclusions in the final part of the paper. These results provide a new insight into the process of overcoming of guilt as well as content issues. In addition, the results of the study can be used in the educational process, and can be included in the course “General Psychology”, “Social Psychology” and “Psychology of Personality”

Sublimation via virtual melting inside an elastoplastic material

Thermodynamic, kinetic, and mechanical approaches for sublimation inside elastoplastic material via intermediate (virtual) melting under tensile pressure are developed for a spherical nucleus. Virtual melting represents the appearance of subcritical liquid drop that immediately transforms to gas bubble. The variety of mechanisms and transformation paths are revealed in different pressure ranges. The radius of the critical gas nucleus differs from the classical one because elastic energy of melt is size dependent due to surface tension. Our developed approach can be extended for various structural changes in nanoparticles within a void inside elastoplastic material and two-stage and multistage nucleation processes. Universal mechanical gas bubble instability is revealed.This article is from Physical Review B 79 (2009): 212101, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.79.212101. Posted with permission.</p

Sublimation inside an Elastoplastic Material

Thermodynamic and kinetic approaches for sublimation inside elastoplastic material under tensile stress are developed for large strains. Various conceptual problems related to irreversible plastic deformation are addressed for a spherical bubble. They include definitions of the thermodynamic driving forces and activation energies, nontraditional concepts of a critical nucleus, path dependence of its appearance, modes of its growth (sublimation or expansion due to loss of mechanical stability), and the possibility of reverse transformation. The kinetic relationships between sublimation pressure and temperature are obtained.This article is from Physical Review Letters 101 (2008): 145703, doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.145703. Posted with permission.</p