Communication Technologies in Contemporary Corporate Social Responsibility Management

The main goal of the article is to construct a new communication model. This model implies transmission of basic principles of corporate social responsibility (CSR) within organization. The model will help to distinguish main barriers to socially responsible management in world's and Russian business practice. The analysis of communication channels within organization gives an opportunity to see the flows of CSR information and its influence on people's behaviour

Communication Technologies in Contemporary Corporate Social Responsibility Management

The main goal of the article is to construct a new communication model. This model implies transmission of basic principles of corporate social responsibility (CSR) within organization. The model will help to distinguish main barriers to socially responsible management in world's and Russian business practice. The analysis of communication channels within organization gives an opportunity to see the flows of CSR information and its influence on people's behaviour

Functional Analysis of DNMT3A DNA Methyltransferase Mutations Reported in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

In mammals, DNA methylation is necessary for the maintenance of genomic stability, gene expression regulation, and other processes. During malignant diseases progression, changes in both DNA methylation patterns and DNA methyltransferase (MTase) genes are observed. Human de novo MTase DNMT3A is most frequently mutated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a striking prevalence of R882H mutation, which has been extensively studied. Here, we investigate the functional role of the missense mutations (S714C, R635W, R736H, R771L, P777R, and F752V) found in the catalytic domain of DNMT3A in AML patients. These were accordingly mutated in the murine Dnmt3a catalytic domain (S124C, R45W, R146H, R181L, P187R, and F162V) and in addition, one-site CpG-containing DNA substrates were used as a model system. The 3-15-fold decrease (S124C and P187R) or complete loss (F162V, R45W, and R146H) of Dnmt3a-CD methylation activity was observed. Remarkably, Pro 187 and Arg 146 are not located at or near the Dnmt3a functional motives. Regulatory protein Dnmt3L did not enhance the methylation activity of R45W, R146H, P187R, and F162V mutants. The key steps of the Dnmt3a-mediated methylation mechanism, including DNA binding and transient covalent intermediate formation, were examined. There was a complete loss of DNA-binding affinity for R45W located in the AdoMet binding region and for R146H. Dnmt3a mutants studied in vitro suggest functional impairment of DNMT3A during pathogenesis

Dengue Virus Hijacks a Noncanonical Oxidoreductase Function of a Cellular Oligosaccharyltransferase Complex

Dengue virus (DENV) is the most common arboviral infection globally, infecting an estimated 390 million people each year. We employed a genome-wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) screen to identify host dependency factors required for DENV propagation and identified the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex as an essential host factor for DENV infection. Mammalian cells express two OSTs containing either STT3A or STT3B. We found that the canonical catalytic function of the OSTs as oligosaccharyltransferases is not necessary for DENV infection, as cells expressing catalytically inactive STT3A or STT3B are able to support DENV propagation. However, the OST subunit MAGT1, which associates with STT3B, is also required for DENV propagation. MAGT1 expression requires STT3B, and a catalytically inactive STT3B also rescues MAGT1 expression, supporting the hypothesis that STT3B serves to stabilize MAGT1 in the context of DENV infection. We found that the oxidoreductase CXXC active site motif of MAGT1 was necessary for DENV propagation, as cells expressing an AXXA MAGT1 mutant were unable to support DENV infection. Interestingly, cells expressing single-cysteine CXXA or AXXC mutants of MAGT1 were able to support DENV propagation. Utilizing the engineered peroxidase APEX2, we demonstrate the close proximity between MAGT1 and NS1 or NS4B during DENV infection. These results reveal that the oxidoreductase activity of the STT3B-containing OST is necessary for DENV infection, which may guide the development of antiviral agents targeting DENV. IMPORTANCE The host oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complexes have been identified as essential host factors for dengue virus (DENV) replication; however, their functions during DENV infection are unclear. A previous study showed that the canonical OST activity was dispensable for DENV replication, suggesting that the OST complexes serve as scaffolds for DENV replication. However, our work demonstrates that one function of the OST complex during DENV infection is to provide oxidoreductase activity via the OST subunit MAGT1. We also show that MAGT1 associates with DENV NS1 and NS4B during viral infection, suggesting that these nonstructural proteins may be targets of MAGT1 oxidoreductase activity. These results provide insight into the cell biology of DENV infection, which may guide the development of antivirals against DENV

Problems and prospects of franchising development in Russia

The article describes the features of the development of franchising in Russia. Franchising has a number of advantages and it is a perspective form of interaction between small and large businesses. However, in taking a decision to contract with the franchise network, in addition to understanding the forms of doing business, the advantages of the system, you should also take into account that the franchise system is associated with some problems. The paper describes the main problems hindering of franchising development in Russia. It also considers the solutions of this problems and perspectives of franchising development in the future. For development of franchising in Russia there are enough opportunities and to implement them it is necessary to create certain conditions.В статье рассмотрены особенности развития франчайзинга в России. Франчайзинг имеет ряд преимуществ и является перспективной формой взаимодействия малого и крупного бизнеса. Однако принимая решение о заключении договора с франчайзинговой сетью, кроме понимания формы ведения бизнеса, достоинств системы, необходимо также учитывать, что франчайзинговая система связана с определенным риском

Problems and prospects of franchising development in Russia

The article describes the features of the development of franchising in Russia. Franchising has a number of advantages and it is a perspective form of interaction between small and large businesses. However, in taking a decision to contract with the franchise network, in addition to understanding the forms of doing business, the advantages of the system, you should also take into account that the franchise system is associated with some problems. The paper describes the main problems hindering of franchising development in Russia. It also considers the solutions of this problems and perspectives of franchising development in the future. For development of franchising in Russia there are enough opportunities and to implement them it is necessary to create certain conditions.В статье рассмотрены особенности развития франчайзинга в России. Франчайзинг имеет ряд преимуществ и является перспективной формой взаимодействия малого и крупного бизнеса. Однако принимая решение о заключении договора с франчайзинговой сетью, кроме понимания формы ведения бизнеса, достоинств системы, необходимо также учитывать, что франчайзинговая система связана с определенным риском

Oxidoreductase activity is necessary for N-glycosylation of cysteine-proximal acceptor sites in glycoproteins

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Adaptive Maternal Immune Deviations as a Ground For Autism Spectrum Disorders Development in Children

Autism is a vexed problem today. Overall, there is a high frequency of birth children (1:80 – 1:150) with late diagnosed autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and this trend is getting progressively stronger. The causes for the currently increased frequency of ASD and the pathogenesis of ASD are not fully understood yet. One of the most likely mechanisms inducing ASD may be a maternal immune imprinting. This phenomenon is based on transplacental translocation of maternal antibodies of IgG class and, as a consequence, on the epigenetic “tuning” of immune system of the fetus and child. This mechanism provides development of child’s anti-infection resistance before meeting with microorganisms, but it can be also a cause of inborn pathology including the ASD appearance. The quantitative changes in maternal blood serum autoantibodies depend on a specific microbial population, or are induced by environmental chemical pollutants in association with some individual features of the maternal metabolism. These immune changes are adaptive in most cases for the maternal organism, but can be pathogenic for the fetus in some cases. We discuss in the present paper the possibilities to predict the risk from abnormal development of nervous system in fetus and early diagnosis of ASD in high-risk group of children